3 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
6 # (at your option) any later version.
8 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 # GNU General Public License for more details.
13 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18 use warnings (exists $ENV{NOVABOOT_TEST} ? (FATAL => 'all') : ());
19 use Getopt::Long qw(GetOptionsFromString);
24 use Time::HiRes("usleep");
28 use POSIX qw(:errno_h);
29 use Cwd qw(getcwd abs_path);
35 my $invocation_dir = $ENV{PWD} || getcwd();
37 ## Configuration file handling
39 # Default configuration
40 $CFG::hypervisor = "";
41 $CFG::hypervisor_params = "serial";
42 $CFG::genisoimage = "genisoimage";
43 $CFG::qemu = 'qemu-system-i386 -cpu coreduo -smp 2';
44 $CFG::default_target = 'qemu';
47 "tud" => '--server=erwin.inf.tu-dresden.de:~sojka/boot/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --grub --grub-prefix=(nd)/tftpboot/sojka/novaboot --grub-preamble="timeout 0" --concat --iprelay=141.76.48.80:2324 --scriptmod=s/\\\\bhostserial\\\\b/hostserialpci/g',
48 "novabox" => '--server=rtime.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --pulsar --iprelay=147.32.86.92:2324',
49 "localhost" => '--scriptmod=s/console=tty[A-Z0-9,]+// --server=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2 --grub-prefix=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2-prolog=" set root=\'(hd0,msdos1)\'"',
50 "ryuglab" => '--server=pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp --uboot --uboot-init="mw f0000b00 \${psc_cfg}; sleep 1" --remote-cmd="ssh -tt pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz \"sterm -d -s 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0\""',
51 "ryulocal" => '--dhcp-tftp --serial --uboot --uboot-init="dhcp; mw f0000b00 \${psc_cfg}; sleep 1" --reset-cmd="if which dtrrts; then dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 0 1; sleep 0.1; dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 1 1; fi"',
54 chomp(my $nproc = `nproc`);
55 $CFG::scons = "scons -j$nproc";
56 $CFG::make = "make -j$nproc";
63 package CFG; # Put config data into a separate namespace
68 die("ERROR: Failure compiling '$cfg' - $@");
69 } elsif (! defined($rc)) {
70 die("ERROR: Failure reading '$cfg' - $!");
72 die("ERROR: Failure processing '$cfg'");
75 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($CFG::builddir, dirname($cfg)) if defined $CFG::builddir;
76 print STDERR "novaboot: Read $cfg\n";
81 # We don't use $0 here, because it points to the novaboot itself and
82 # not to the novaboot script. The problem with this approach is that
83 # when a script is run as "novaboot <options> <script>" then $ARGV[0]
84 # contains the first option. Hence the -f check.
85 my $dir = File::Spec->rel2abs($ARGV[0] && -f $ARGV[0] ? dirname($ARGV[0]) : '', $invocation_dir);
86 while ((-d $dir || -l $dir ) && $dir ne "/") {
87 push @cfgs, "$dir/.novaboot" if -r "$dir/.novaboot";
88 my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir($dir);
89 $dir = File::Spec->catdir(@dirs[0..$#dirs-1]);
92 my $cfg = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG'};
93 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
94 GetOptions ("config|c=s" => \$cfg);
95 read_config($_) foreach $cfg or reverse @cfgs;
97 ## Command line handling
100 GetOptions ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target);
102 my ($amt, @append, $bender, @chainloaders, $concat, $config_name_opt, $dhcp_tftp, $dump_opt, $dump_config, @exiton, @expect_raw, $gen_only, $grub_config, $grub_prefix, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog, $grub2_config, $help, $iprelay, $iso_image, $interactive, $kernel_opt, $make, $man, $no_file_gen, $off_opt, $on_opt, $pulsar, $pulsar_root, $qemu, $qemu_append, $qemu_flags_cmd, $remote_cmd, $remote_expect, $reset_cmd, $rom_prefix, $rsync_flags, @scriptmod, $scons, $serial, $server, $stty, $uboot, $uboot_init);
105 $rom_prefix = 'rom://';
106 $stty = 'raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200';
108 my @expect_seen = ();
112 push(@expect_seen, '-re') if $n eq "expect-re";
113 push(@expect_seen, $v);
119 unless (@expect_seen) { die("No --expect before --send"); }
120 my $ret = ($n eq "sendcont") ? exp_continue : 0;
121 unshift(@expect_raw, sub { shift->send(eval("\"$v\"")); $ret; });
122 unshift(@expect_raw, @expect_seen);
126 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case no_pass_through/);
130 "append|a=s" => \@append,
131 "bender|b" => \$bender,
132 "build-dir=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($v); },
133 "concat" => \$concat,
134 "chainloader=s" => \@chainloaders,
135 "dhcp-tftp|d" => \$dhcp_tftp,
136 "dump" => \$dump_opt,
137 "dump-config" => \$dump_config,
138 "exiton=s" => \@exiton,
139 "expect=s" => \&handle_expect,
140 "expect-re=s" => \&handle_expect,
141 "expect-raw=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; unshift(@expect_raw, eval($v)); },
142 "gen-only" => \$gen_only,
143 "grub|g:s" => \$grub_config,
144 "grub-preamble=s"=> \$grub_preamble,
145 "grub-prefix=s" => \$grub_prefix,
146 "grub2:s" => \$grub2_config,
147 "grub2-prolog=s" => \$grub2_prolog,
148 "iprelay=s" => \$iprelay,
149 "iso:s" => \$iso_image,
150 "kernel|k=s" => \$kernel_opt,
151 "interactive|i" => \$interactive,
152 "name=s" => \$config_name_opt,
153 "make|m:s" => \$make,
154 "no-file-gen" => \$no_file_gen,
157 "pulsar|p:s" => \$pulsar,
158 "pulsar-root=s" => \$pulsar_root,
159 "qemu|Q:s" => \$qemu,
160 "qemu-append=s" => \$qemu_append,
161 "qemu-flags|q=s" => \$qemu_flags_cmd,
162 "remote-cmd=s" => \$remote_cmd,
163 "remote-expect=s"=> \$remote_expect,
164 "reset-cmd=s" => \$reset_cmd,
165 "rsync-flags=s" => \$rsync_flags,
166 "scons:s" => \$scons,
167 "scriptmod=s" => \@scriptmod,
168 "send=s" => \&handle_send,
169 "sendcont=s" => \&handle_send,
170 "serial|s:s" => \$serial,
171 "server:s" => \$server,
172 "strip-rom" => sub { $rom_prefix = ''; },
175 "uboot-init=s" => \$uboot_init,
180 # First process target options
182 my $t = defined($explicit_target) ? $explicit_target : $CFG::default_target;
184 exists $CFG::targets{$t} or die("Unknown target '$t' (valid targets are: ".join(", ", sort keys(%CFG::targets)).")");
185 GetOptionsFromString($CFG::targets{$t}, %opt_spec);
189 # Then process other command line options - some of them may override
190 # what was specified by the target
191 GetOptions %opt_spec or die("Error in command line arguments");
192 pod2usage(1) if $help;
193 pod2usage(-exitstatus => 0, -verbose => 2) if $man;
195 ### Dump sanitized configuration (if requested)
199 $Data::Dumper::Indent=1;
200 print "# This file is in perl syntax.\n";
201 foreach my $key(sort(keys(%CFG::))) { # See "Symbol Tables" in perlmod(1)
202 if (defined ${$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([${$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
203 if ( @{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\@{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
204 if ( %{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\%{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
210 ### Sanitize configuration
212 if ($interactive && !-t STDIN) {
213 die("novaboot: Interactive mode not supported when not on terminal");
216 if (defined $config_name_opt && scalar(@ARGV) > 1) { die "You cannot use --name with multiple scripts"; }
219 if (defined $serial) {
220 $serial ||= "/dev/ttyUSB0";
221 $ENV{NB_SERIAL} = $serial;
223 if (defined $grub_config) { $grub_config ||= "menu.lst"; }
224 if (defined $grub2_config) { $grub2_config ||= "grub.cfg"; }
226 ## Parse the novaboot script(s)
231 my ($modules, $variables, $generated, $continuation);
232 my $skip_reading = defined($on_opt) || defined($off_opt);
233 while (!$skip_reading && ($_ = <>)) {
234 if ($ARGV ne $last_fn) { # New script
235 die "Missing EOF in $last_fn" if $file;
236 die "Unfinished line in $last_fn" if $continuation;
238 push @scripts, { 'filename' => $ARGV,
239 'modules' => $modules = [],
240 'variables' => $variables = {},
241 'generated' => $generated = []};
245 next if /^#/ || /^\s*$/; # Skip comments and empty lines
247 $_ =~ s/^[[:space:]]*// if ($continuation);
249 if (/\\$/) { # Line continuation
250 $continuation .= substr($_, 0, length($_)-1);
254 if ($continuation) { # Last continuation line
255 $_ = $continuation . $_;
259 foreach my $mod(@scriptmod) { eval $mod; }
261 if ($file && $_ eq $EOF) { # Heredoc end
265 if ($file) { # Heredoc content
266 push @{$file}, "$_\n";
269 if (/^([A-Z_]+)=(.*)$/) { # Internal variable
270 $$variables{$1} = $2;
271 push(@exiton, $2) if ($1 eq "EXITON");
274 if (s/^load *//) { # Load line
275 die("novaboot: '$last_fn' line $.: Missing file name\n") unless /^[^ <]+/;
276 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*<<([^ ]*)$/) { # Heredoc start
277 push @$modules, "$1$2";
279 push @$generated, {filename => $1, content => $file};
283 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*< ?(.*)$/) { # Command substitution
284 push @$modules, "$1$2";
285 push @$generated, {filename => $1, command => $3};
291 if (/^run (.*)/) { # run line
292 push @$generated, {command => $1};
296 die("novaboot: Cannot parse script '$last_fn' line $.. Didn't you forget 'load' keyword?\n");
299 # print Dumper(\@scripts);
301 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
302 $modules = $$script{modules};
303 @$modules[0] =~ s/^[^ ]*/$kernel_opt/ if $kernel_opt;
304 @$modules[0] .= ' ' . join(' ', @append) if @append;
307 if (exists $variables->{KERNEL}) {
308 $kernel = $variables->{KERNEL};
310 if ($CFG::hypervisor) {
311 $kernel = $CFG::hypervisor . " ";
312 if (exists $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS}) {
313 $kernel .= $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS};
315 $kernel .= $CFG::hypervisor_params;
319 @$modules = ($kernel, @$modules) if $kernel;
320 @$modules = (@chainloaders, @$modules);
321 @$modules = ("bin/boot/bender", @$modules) if ($bender || defined $ENV{'NOVABOOT_BENDER'});
325 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
326 print join("\n", @{$$script{modules}})."\n";
333 sub generate_configs($$$) {
334 my ($base, $generated, $filename) = @_;
335 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
336 foreach my $g(@$generated) {
337 if (exists $$g{content}) {
338 my $config = $$g{content};
339 my $fn = $$g{filename};
340 open(my $f, '>', $fn) || die("$fn: $!");
341 map { s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; print $f "$_"; } @{$config};
343 print "novaboot: Created $fn\n";
344 } elsif (exists $$g{command} && ! $no_file_gen) {
345 $ENV{SRCDIR} = dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( $filename, $invocation_dir ));
346 if (exists $$g{filename}) {
347 system_verbose("( $$g{command} ) > $$g{filename}");
349 system_verbose($$g{command});
355 sub generate_grub_config($$$$;$)
357 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble) = @_;
358 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
359 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
360 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
361 print $fg "title $title\n" if $title;
362 #print $fg "root $base\n"; # root doesn't really work for (nd)
364 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
367 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
368 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
369 print $fg "kernel ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
371 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
372 print $fg "module $base$_\n";
376 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
380 sub generate_syslinux_config($$$$)
382 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref) = @_;
383 if ($base && $base !~ /\/$/) { $base = "$base/"; };
384 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
385 print $fg "LABEL $title\n";
386 #TODO print $fg "MENU LABEL $human_readable_title\n";
388 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', @$modules_ref[0], 2);
390 if (system("file $kbin|grep 'Linux kernel'") == 0) {
391 my $initrd = @$modules_ref[1];
392 die('To many "load" lines for Linux kernel') if (scalar @$modules_ref > 2);
393 print $fg "LINUX $base$kbin\n";
394 print $fg "APPEND $kcmd\n";
395 print $fg "INITRD $base$initrd\n";
397 print $fg "KERNEL mboot.c32\n";
399 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
400 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
401 push @append, "$base$_";
402 print $fg "APPEND ".join(' --- ', @append)."\n";
405 #TODO print $fg "TEXT HELP\n";
406 #TODO print $fg "some help here\n";
407 #TODO print $fg "ENDTEXT\n";
409 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
413 sub generate_grub2_config($$$$;$$)
415 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble, $prolog) = @_;
416 if ($base && substr($base,-1,1) ne '/') { $base = "$base/"; };
417 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
418 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
419 $title ||= 'novaboot';
420 print $fg "menuentry $title {\n";
421 print $fg "$prolog\n" if $prolog;
423 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
426 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
427 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
428 print $fg " multiboot ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
431 # GRUB2 doesn't pass filename in multiboot info so we have to duplicate it here
432 $_ = join(' ', ($args[0], @args));
433 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g; # We do not need to translate path for GRUB2
434 print $fg " module $base$_\n";
439 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
443 sub generate_pulsar_config($$)
445 my ($filename, $modules_ref) = @_;
446 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
447 print $fg "root $pulsar_root\n" if defined $pulsar_root;
450 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
453 ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
454 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
457 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g;
458 print $fg "load $_\n";
461 # Put kernel as last - this is needed for booting Linux and has no influence on non-Linux OSes
462 print $fg "exec $kbin $kcmd\n";
464 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
468 sub shell_cmd_string(@)
470 return join(' ', map((/^[-_=a-zA-Z0-9\/\.\+]+$/ ? "$_" : "'$_'"), @_));
475 print "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string(@_)."\n";
479 sub system_verbose($)
482 print "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n";
483 my $ret = system($cmd);
484 if ($ret & 0x007f) { die("Command terminated by a signal"); }
485 if ($ret & 0xff00) {die("Command exit with non-zero exit code"); }
486 if ($ret) { die("Command failure $ret"); }
491 if (exists $variables->{WVDESC}) {
492 print "Testing \"$variables->{WVDESC}\" in $last_fn:\n";
493 } elsif ($last_fn =~ /\.wv$/) {
494 print "Testing \"all\" in $last_fn:\n";
497 ## Connect to the target and check whether it is not occupied
499 # We have to do this before file generation phase, because file
500 # generation is intermixed with file deployment phase and we want to
501 # check whether the target is not used by somebody else before
502 # deploying files. Otherwise, we may rewrite other user's files on a
505 my $exp; # Expect object to communicate with the target over serial line
507 my ($target_reset, $target_power_on, $target_power_off);
509 if (defined $iprelay) {
511 $iprelay =~ /([.0-9]+)(:([0-9]+))?/;
514 my $paddr = sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton($addr));
515 my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');
516 socket($IPRELAY, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) || die "socket: $!";
517 print "novaboot: Connecting to IP relay... ";
518 connect($IPRELAY, $paddr) || die "connect: $!";
520 $exp = Expect->init(\*$IPRELAY);
524 print $exp "\xFF\xF6"; # AYT
525 my $connected = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
526 '<iprelayd: connected>',
527 '-re', '<WEB51 HW[^>]*>');
532 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
533 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
535 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0x5 : 0x6) | ($onoff ? 0x20 : 0x10);
536 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x32".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
540 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
541 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
542 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0xdf : 0xbf) | ($onoff ? 0x00 : 0xff);
543 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x97".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
547 my ($relay, $onoff, $can_giveup) = @_;
548 my $confirmation = '';
550 print $exp relaycmd($relay, $onoff);
551 my $confirmed = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
552 relayconf($relay, $onoff));
555 print("Relay confirmation timeout - ignoring\n");
557 die "Relay confirmation timeout";
563 $target_reset = sub {
564 relay(2, 1, 1); # Reset the machine
569 $target_power_off = sub {
570 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
571 usleep(6000000); # Long press to switch off
575 $target_power_on = sub {
576 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
577 usleep(100000); # Short press
583 system_verbose("stty -F $serial $stty");
584 open($CONN, "+<", $serial) || die "open $serial: $!";
585 $exp = Expect->init(\*$CONN);
587 elsif ($remote_cmd) {
588 print "novaboot: Running: $remote_cmd\n";
589 $exp = Expect->spawn($remote_cmd);
591 elsif (defined $amt) {
592 require LWP::UserAgent;
593 require LWP::Authen::Digest;
596 my ($host, $username, $password, $schema, $className, $pstate) = @_;
597 #AMT numbers for PowerStateChange (MNI => bluescreen on windows;-)
598 my %pstates = ("on" => 2,
605 <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:w="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wsman/1/wsman.xsd">
606 <s:Header><a:To>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:To>
607 <w:ResourceURI s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema</w:ResourceURI>
608 <a:ReplyTo><a:Address s:mustUnderstand="true">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</a:Address></a:ReplyTo>
609 <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema$className</a:Action>
610 <w:MaxEnvelopeSize s:mustUnderstand="true">153600</w:MaxEnvelopeSize>
611 <a:MessageID>uuid:709072C9-609C-4B43-B301-075004043C7C</a:MessageID>
612 <w:Locale xml:lang="en-US" s:mustUnderstand="false" />
613 <w:OperationTimeout>PT60.000S</w:OperationTimeout>
614 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">Intel(r) AMT Power Management Service</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
616 <p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT xmlns:p="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService">
617 <p:PowerState>$pstates{$pstate}</p:PowerState>
618 <p:ManagedElement><a:Address>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:Address>
619 <a:ReferenceParameters><w:ResourceURI>http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ComputerSystem</w:ResourceURI>
620 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">ManagedSystem</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
621 </a:ReferenceParameters></p:ManagedElement>
622 </p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT>
623 </s:Body></s:Envelope>
628 my ($host, $username, $password, $content) = @_;
630 my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
631 $ua->agent("novaboot");
633 my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
634 my $res = $ua->request($req);
635 die ("Unexpected AMT response: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->code == 401;
637 my ($realm) = $res->header("WWW-Authenticate") =~ /Digest realm="(.*?)"/;
638 $ua->credentials("$host:16992", $realm, $username => $password);
641 $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
642 $req->content_type('application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
643 $req->content($content);
644 $res = $ua->request($req);
645 die ("AMT power change request failed: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->is_success;
646 $res->content() =~ /<g:ReturnValue>(\d+)<\/g:ReturnValue>/;
651 my ($host, $username, $password, $pstate)=@_;
652 my $schema="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService";
653 my $className="/RequestPowerStateChange";
654 my $content = genXML($host, $username, $password ,$schema, $className, $pstate);
655 return sendPOST($host, $username, $password, $content);
658 my ($user,$amt_password,$host,$port) = ($amt =~ /(?:(.*?)(?::(.*))?@)?([^:]*)(?::([0-9]*))?/);;
660 $amt_password ||= $ENV{'AMT_PASSWORD'} || die "AMT password not specified";
661 $host || die "AMT host not specified";
664 $target_power_off = sub {
666 my $result = powerChange($host,$user,$amt_password, "off");
667 die "AMT power off failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
670 $target_power_on = sub {
671 my $result = powerChange($host,$user,$amt_password, "on");
672 die "AMT power on failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
675 $target_reset = sub {
676 my $result = powerChange($host,$user,$amt_password, "reset");
678 print STDERR "Warning: Cannot reset $host, trying power on. ";
679 $result = powerChange($host,$user,$amt_password, "on");
681 die "AMT reset failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
684 my $cmd = "amtterm -u $user -p $amt_password $host $port";
685 print "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
686 $exp = Expect->spawn($cmd);
687 $exp->expect(10, "RUN_SOL") || die "Expect for 'RUN_SOL' timed out";
690 if ($remote_expect) {
691 $exp->expect(10, $remote_expect) || die "Expect for '$remote_expect' timed out";
694 if (defined $reset_cmd) {
695 $target_reset = sub {
696 system_verbose($reset_cmd);
700 if (defined $on_opt && defined $target_power_on) {
704 if (defined $off_opt && defined $target_power_off) {
705 print "novaboot: Switching the target off...\n";
706 &$target_power_off();
710 $builddir ||= dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( ${$scripts[0]}{filename})) if scalar @scripts;
711 if (defined $builddir) {
712 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
713 print "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
716 ## File generation phase
717 my (%files_iso, $menu_iso, $filename);
718 my $config_name = '';
720 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
721 $filename = $$script{filename};
722 $modules = $$script{modules};
723 $generated = $$script{generated};
724 $variables = $$script{variables};
726 ($config_name = $filename) =~ s#.*/##;
727 $config_name = $config_name_opt if (defined $config_name_opt);
729 if (exists $variables->{BUILDDIR}) {
730 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($variables->{BUILDDIR});
731 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
732 print "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
736 ($prefix = $grub_prefix) =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/ if defined $grub_prefix;
737 $prefix ||= $builddir;
738 # TODO: use $grub_prefix as first parameter if some switch is given
739 generate_configs('', $generated, $filename);
741 ### Generate bootloader configuration files
742 my @bootloader_configs;
743 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub_config($grub_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble) if (defined $grub_config);
744 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub2_config($grub2_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog) if (defined $grub2_config);
745 push @bootloader_configs, generate_pulsar_config('config-'.($pulsar||'novaboot'), $modules) if (defined $pulsar);
747 ### Run scons or make
749 my @files = map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } @$modules);
750 # Filter-out generated files
751 my @to_build = grep({ my $file = $_; !scalar(grep($file eq ($$_{filename} || ''), @$generated)) } @files);
753 system_verbose($scons || $CFG::scons." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $scons);
754 system_verbose($make || $CFG::make ." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $make);
757 ### Copy files (using rsync)
758 if (defined $server && !defined($gen_only)) {
759 (my $real_server = $server) =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
761 my ($hostname, $path) = split(":", $real_server, 2);
762 if (! defined $path) {
766 my $files = join(" ", map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } ( @$modules, @bootloader_configs)));
767 map({ my $file = (split)[0]; die "$file: $!" if ! -f $file; } @$modules);
768 my $istty = -t STDOUT && ($ENV{'TERM'} || 'dumb') ne 'dumb';
769 my $progress = $istty ? "--progress" : "";
770 system_verbose("rsync $progress -RLp $rsync_flags $files $real_server");
771 if ($server =~ m|/\$NAME$| && $concat) {
772 my $cmd = join("; ", map { "( cd $path/.. && cat */$_ > $_ )" } @bootloader_configs);
773 system_verbose($hostname ? "ssh $hostname '$cmd'" : $cmd);
777 ### Prepare ISO image generation
778 if (defined $iso_image) {
779 generate_configs("(cd)", $generated, $filename);
781 generate_syslinux_config(\$menu, $config_name, "/", $modules);
782 $menu_iso .= "$menu\n";
783 map { ($file,undef) = split; $files_iso{$file} = 1; } @$modules;
787 ## Generate ISO image
788 if (defined $iso_image) {
789 system_verbose("mkdir -p isolinux");
790 system_verbose('cp /usr/lib/syslinux/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/menu.c32 isolinux');
791 open(my $fh, ">isolinux/isolinux.cfg");
793 print $fh "TIMEOUT 50\n";
794 print $fh "DEFAULT menu\n";
796 print $fh "DEFAULT $config_name\n";
798 print $fh "$menu_iso";
801 my $files = join(" ", map("$_=$_", (keys(%files_iso), 'isolinux/isolinux.bin', 'isolinux/isolinux.cfg', 'isolinux/mboot.c32', 'isolinux/menu.c32')));
802 $iso_image ||= "$config_name.iso";
804 # Note: We use -U flag below to "Allow 'untranslated' filenames,
805 # completely violating the ISO9660 standards". Without this
806 # option, isolinux is not able to read files names for example
808 system_verbose("$CFG::genisoimage -R -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -hide-rr-moved -U -o $iso_image -graft-points $files");
809 print("ISO image created: $builddir/$iso_image\n");
812 exit(0) if defined $gen_only;
814 ## Boot the system using various methods and send serial output to stdout
816 if (scalar(@scripts) > 1 && ( defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $serial || defined $iprelay)) {
817 die "You cannot do this with multiple scripts simultaneously";
820 if ($variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}) {
821 print "wvtest: timeout ", $variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}, "\n";
826 $str =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
834 $qemu ||= $variables->{QEMU} || $CFG::qemu;
835 my @qemu_flags = split(" ", $qemu);
836 $qemu = shift(@qemu_flags);
838 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($variables->{QEMU_FLAGS})) if exists $variables->{QEMU_FLAGS};
839 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($qemu_flags_cmd)) if $qemu_flags_cmd;
840 push(@qemu_flags, split(/ +/, trim($qemu_append || '')));
842 if (defined $iso_image) {
843 # Boot NOVA with grub (and test the iso image)
844 push(@qemu_flags, ('-cdrom', $iso_image));
846 # Boot NOVA without GRUB
848 # Non-patched qemu doesn't like commas, but NUL can live with pluses instead of commans
849 foreach (@$modules) {s/,/+/g;}
850 generate_configs("", $generated, $filename);
852 if (scalar @$modules) {
853 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
854 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
856 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
857 my $initrd = join ",", @$modules;
859 push(@qemu_flags, ('-kernel', $kbin, '-append', $kcmd));
860 push(@qemu_flags, ('-initrd', $initrd)) if $initrd;
861 push(@qemu_flags, ('-dtb', $dtb)) if $dtb;
864 push(@qemu_flags, qw(-serial stdio)); # Redirect serial output (for collecting test restuls)
865 unshift(@qemu_flags, ('-name', $config_name));
866 print "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string($qemu, @qemu_flags)."\n";
867 $exp = Expect->spawn(($qemu, @qemu_flags)) || die("exec() failed: $!");
870 ### Local DHCPD and TFTPD
872 my ($dhcpd_pid, $tftpd_pid);
874 if (defined $dhcp_tftp)
876 generate_configs("(nd)", $generated, $filename);
877 system_verbose('mkdir -p tftpboot');
878 generate_grub_config("tftpboot/os-menu.lst", $config_name, "(nd)", \@$modules, "timeout 0");
879 open(my $fh, '>', 'dhcpd.conf');
880 my $mac = `cat /sys/class/net/eth0/address`;
882 print $fh "subnet 10.23.23.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
883 range 10.23.23.10 10.23.23.100;
884 filename \"bin/boot/grub/pxegrub.pxe\";
885 next-server 10.23.23.1;
888 hardware ethernet $mac;
889 fixed-address 10.23.23.1;
892 system_verbose("sudo ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev eth0;
893 sudo ip l set dev eth0 up;
894 sudo touch dhcpd.leases");
896 # We run servers by forking ourselves, because the servers end up
897 # in our process group and get killed by signals sent to the
898 # process group (e.g. Ctrl-C on terminal).
900 exec_verbose("sudo dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid") if ($dhcpd_pid == 0);
902 exec_verbose("sudo in.tftpd --foreground --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid $builddir") if ($tftpd_pid == 0);
904 # Kill server when we die
905 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid');
906 system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); };
909 ### Reset target (IP relay, AMT, ...)
911 if (defined $target_reset) {
912 print "novaboot: Reseting the test box... ";
917 ### U-boot conversation
918 if (defined $uboot) {
919 print "novaboot: Waiting for uBoot prompt...\n";
921 #$exp->exp_internal(1);
923 [qr/Hit any key to stop autoboot:/, sub { $exp->send("\n"); exp_continue; }],
924 '=> ') || die "No uBoot prompt deteceted";
925 $exp->send("$uboot_init\n") if $uboot_init;
926 $exp->expect(10, '=> ') || die "uBoot prompt timeout";
928 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
930 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
931 my $initrd = shift @$modules;
933 my $kern_addr = '800000';
934 my $initrd_addr = '-';
937 $exp->send("tftp $kern_addr $kbin\n");
939 [qr/#/, sub { exp_continue; }],
940 '=> ') || die "Kernel load failed";
942 $dtb_addr = '7f0000';
943 $exp->send("tftp $dtb_addr $dtb\n");
945 [qr/#/, sub { exp_continue; }],
946 '=> ') || die "Device tree load failed";
948 if (defined $initrd) {
949 $initrd_addr = 'b00000';
950 $exp->send("tftp $initrd_addr $initrd\n");
952 [qr/#/, sub { exp_continue; }],
953 '=> ') || die "Initrd load failed";
955 $exp->send("set bootargs '$kcmd'\n");
956 $exp->expect(5, '=> ') || die "uBoot prompt timeout";
957 $exp->send("bootm $kern_addr $initrd_addr $dtb_addr\n");
958 $exp->expect(5, "\n") || die "uBoot command timeout";
961 ### Serial line interaction
963 # Serial line of the target is available
964 my $interrupt = 'Ctrl-C';
965 if ($interactive && !@exiton) {
966 $interrupt = '"~~."';
968 print "novaboot: Serial line interaction (press $interrupt to interrupt)...\n";
971 $exp->expect(undef, @expect_raw, @exiton);
974 if (-t STDIN) { # Set up bi-directional communication if we run on terminal
975 my $infile = new IO::File;
976 $infile->IO::File::fdopen(*STDIN,'r');
977 my $in_object = Expect->exp_init($infile);
978 $in_object->set_group($exp);
981 $in_object->set_seq('~~\.', sub { print "novaboot: Escape sequence detected\r\n"; undef; });
982 $in_object->manual_stty(0); # Use raw terminal mode
984 $in_object->manual_stty(1); # Do not modify terminal settings
986 push(@inputs, $in_object);
989 #print Dumper(\@expect_raw);
990 $exp->expect(undef, @expect_raw) if @expect_raw;
991 Expect::interconnect(@inputs) unless defined($exp->exitstatus);
995 ## Kill dhcpc or tftpd
996 if (defined $dhcp_tftp) {
997 die("novaboot: This should kill servers on background\n");
1004 novaboot - A tool for booting various operating systems on various hardware or in qemu
1010 B<novaboot> [option]... [--] script...
1012 B<./script> [option]...
1016 This program makes booting of an operating system (e.g. NOVA or Linux)
1017 as simple as running a local program. It facilitates booting on local
1018 or remote hosts or in emulators such as qemu. Novaboot operation is
1019 controlled by command line options and by a so called novaboot script,
1020 which can be thought as a generalization of bootloader configuration
1021 files (see L</"NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX">). Based on this input,
1022 novaboot setups everything for the target host to boot the desired
1023 configuration, i.e. it generates the bootloader configuration file in
1024 the proper format, deploy the binaries and other needed files to
1025 required locations, perhaps on a remote boot server and reset the
1026 target host. Finally, target host's serial output is redirected to
1027 standard output if that is possible.
1029 Typical way of using novaboot is to make the novaboot script
1030 executable and set its first line to I<#!/usr/bin/env novaboot>. Then,
1031 booting a particular OS configuration becomes the same as executing a
1032 local program - the novaboot script.
1034 For example, with C<novaboot> you can:
1040 Run an OS in Qemu. This is the default action when no other action is
1041 specified by command line switches. Thus running C<novaboot ./script>
1042 (or C<./script> as described above) will run Qemu and make it boot the
1043 configuration specified in the F<script>.
1047 Create a bootloader configuration file (currently supported
1048 bootloaders are GRUB, GRUB2, Pulsar and U-Boot) and copy it with all
1049 other files needed for booting to a remote boot server.
1051 ./script --server=192.168.1.1:/tftp --iprelay=192.168.1.2
1053 This command copies files to the TFTP server and uses
1054 TCP/IP-controlled relay to reset the target host and receive its
1059 Run DHCP and TFTP server on developer's machine to PXE-boot the target
1062 ./script --dhcp-tftp
1064 When a PXE-bootable machine is connected via Ethernet to developer's
1065 machine, it will boot the configuration described in I<script>.
1069 Create bootable ISO images. E.g.
1071 novaboot --iso -- script1 script2
1073 The created ISO image will have GRUB bootloader installed on it and
1074 the boot menu will allow selecting between I<script1> and I<script2>
1079 Note that the options needed for a specific target can be stored in a
1080 L</"CONFIGURATION FILE">. Then it is sufficient to use only the B<-t>
1081 option to specify the name of the target.
1083 =head1 PHASES AND OPTIONS
1085 Novaboot performs its work in several phases. Each phase can be
1086 influenced by several options, certain phases can be skipped. The list
1087 of phases (in the execution order) and the corresponding options
1090 =head2 Configuration reading phase
1092 After starting, novaboot reads configuration files. By default, it
1093 searches for files named F<.novaboot> starting from the directory of
1094 the novaboot script (or working directory, see bellow) and continuing
1095 upwards up to the root directory. The configuration files are read in
1096 order from the root directory downwards with latter files overriding
1097 settings from the former ones.
1099 In certain cases, the location of the novaboot script cannot be
1100 determined in this early phase. This happens either when the script is
1101 read from the standard input or when novaboot is invoked explicitly
1102 and options precede the script name, as in the example L</"4."> above.
1103 In this case the current working directory is used as a starting point
1104 for configuration file search.
1108 =item -c, --config=I<filename>
1110 Use the specified configuration file instead of the default one(s).
1114 =head2 Command line processing phase
1120 Dump the current configuration to stdout end exits. Useful as an
1121 initial template for a configuration file.
1125 Print short (B<-h>) or long (B<--help>) help.
1127 =item -t, --target=I<target>
1129 This option serves as a user configurable shortcut for other novaboot
1130 options. The effect of this option is the same as the options stored
1131 in the C<%targets> configuration variable under key I<target>. See
1132 also L</"CONFIGURATION FILE">.
1136 =head2 Script preprocessing phase
1138 This phases allows to modify the parsed novaboot script before it is
1139 used in the later phases.
1143 =item -a, --append=I<parameters>
1145 Append a string to the first C<load> line in the novaboot script. This
1146 can be used to append parameters to the kernel's or root task's
1147 command line. Can appear multiple times.
1151 Use F<bender> chainloader. Bender scans the PCI bus for PCI serial
1152 ports and stores the information about them in the BIOS data area for
1155 =item --chainloader=I<chainloader>
1157 Chainloader that is loaded before the kernel and other files specified
1158 in the novaboot script. E.g. 'bin/boot/bender promisc'.
1162 Print the modules to boot and their parameters after this phase
1163 finishes. Then exit. This is useful for seeing the effect of other
1164 options in this section.
1166 =item -k, --kernel=F<file>
1168 Replace the first word on the first C<load> line in the novaboot
1169 script with F<file>.
1171 =item --scriptmod=I<perl expression>
1173 When novaboot script is read, I<perl expression> is executed for every
1174 line (in $_ variable). For example, C<novaboot
1175 --scriptmod=s/sigma0/omega6/g> replaces every occurrence of I<sigma0>
1176 in the script with I<omega6>.
1178 When this option is present, it overrides I<$script_modifier> variable
1179 from the configuration file, which has the same effect. If this option
1180 is given multiple times all expressions are evaluated in the command
1185 =head2 File generation phase
1187 In this phase, files needed for booting are generated in a so called
1188 I<build directory> (see L</--build-dir>). In most cases configuration
1189 for a bootloader is generated automatically by novaboot. It is also
1190 possible to generate other files using I<heredoc> or I<"<"> syntax in
1191 novaboot scripts. Finally, binaries can be generated in this phases by
1192 running C<scons> or C<make>.
1196 =item --build-dir=I<directory>
1198 Overrides the default build directory location.
1200 The default build directory location is determined as follows: If the
1201 configuration file defines the C<$builddir> variable, its value is
1202 used. Otherwise, it is the directory that contains the first processed
1205 See also L</BUILDDIR> variable.
1207 =item -g, --grub[=I<filename>]
1209 Generates grub bootloader menu file. If the I<filename> is not
1210 specified, F<menu.lst> is used. The I<filename> is relative to the
1211 build directory (see B<--build-dir>).
1213 =item --grub-preamble=I<prefix>
1215 Specifies the I<preable> that is at the beginning of the generated
1216 GRUB or GRUB2 config files. This is useful for specifying GRUB's
1219 =item --grub-prefix=I<prefix>
1221 Specifies I<prefix> that is put in front of every file name in GRUB's
1222 F<menu.lst>. The default value is the absolute path to the build directory.
1224 If the I<prefix> contains string $NAME, it will be replaced with the
1225 name of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1227 =item --grub2[=I<filename>]
1229 Generate GRUB2 menuentry in I<filename>. If I<filename> is not
1230 specified F<grub.cfg> is used. The content of the menuentry can be
1231 customized with B<--grub-preable>, B<--grub2-prolog> or
1232 B<--grub_prefix> options.
1234 In order to use the the generated menuentry on your development
1235 machine that uses GRUB2, append the following snippet to
1236 F</etc/grub.d/40_custom> file and regenerate your grub configuration,
1237 i.e. run update-grub on Debian/Ubuntu.
1239 if [ -f /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg ]; then
1240 source /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg
1243 =item --grub2-prolog=I<prolog>
1245 Specifies text I<preable> that is put at the beginning of the entry
1248 =item -m, --make[=make command]
1250 Runs C<make> to build files that are not generated by novaboot itself.
1252 =item --name=I<string>
1254 Use the name I<string> instead of the name of the novaboot script.
1255 This name is used for things like a title of grub menu or for the
1256 server directory where the boot files are copied to.
1260 Do not run external commands to generate files (i.e. "<" syntax and
1261 C<run> keyword). This switch does not influence generation of files
1262 specified with "<<WORD" syntax.
1264 =item -p, --pulsar[=mac]
1266 Generates pulsar bootloader configuration file named F<config-I<mac>>
1267 The I<mac> string is typically a MAC address and defaults to
1270 =item --scons[=scons command]
1272 Runs C<scons> to build files that are not generated by novaboot
1277 Strip I<rom://> prefix from command lines and generated config files.
1278 The I<rom://> prefix is used by NUL. For NRE, it has to be stripped.
1282 Exit novaboot after file generation phase.
1286 =head2 Target connection check
1288 If supported by the target, the connection to it is made and it is
1289 checked whether the target is not occupied by another novaboot
1294 =item --amt=I<"[user[:password]@]host[:port]>
1296 Use Intel AMT technology to control the target machine. WS management
1297 is used to powercycle it and Serial-Over-Lan (SOL) for input/output.
1298 The hostname or (IP address) is given by the I<host> parameter. If
1299 I<password> is not specified, environment variable AMT_PASSWORD is
1300 used. The I<port> specifies a TCP port for SOL. If not specified, the
1301 default is 16992. Default I<user> is admin.
1303 =item --iprelay=I<addr[:port]>
1305 Use TCP/IP relay and serial port to access the target's serial port
1306 and powercycle it. The IP address of the relay is given by I<addr>
1307 parameter. If I<port> is not specified, it default to 23.
1309 Note: This option is supposed to work with HWG-ER02a IP relays.
1311 =item -s, --serial[=device]
1313 Target's serial line is connected to host's serial line (device). The
1314 default value for device is F</dev/ttyUSB0>.
1316 The value of this option is exported in NB_NOVABOOT environment
1317 variable to all subprocesses run by C<novaboot>.
1319 =item --stty=I<settings>
1321 Specifies settings passed to C<stty> invoked on the serial line
1322 specified with B<--serial> option. If this option is not given,
1323 C<stty> is called with C<raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200> settings.
1325 =item --remote-cmd=I<cmd>
1327 Command that mediates connection to the target's serial line. For
1328 example C<ssh server 'cu -l /dev/ttyS0'>.
1330 =item --remote-expect=I<string>
1332 Wait for reception of I<string> after establishing the the remote
1333 connection before continuing.
1338 =head2 File deployment phase
1340 In some setups, it is necessary to copy the files needed for booting
1341 to a particular location, e.g. to a TFTP boot server or to the
1346 =item -d, --dhcp-tftp
1348 Turns your workstation into a DHCP and TFTP server so that the OS can
1349 be booted via PXE BIOS (or similar mechanism) on the test machine
1350 directly connected by a plain Ethernet cable to your workstation.
1352 The DHCP and TFTP servers require root privileges and C<novaboot>
1353 uses C<sudo> command to obtain those. You can put the following to
1354 I</etc/sudoers> to allow running the necessary commands without
1355 asking for password.
1357 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /bin/ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev eth0, /bin/ip l set dev eth0 up, /usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid, /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --foreground --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/touch dhcpd.leases, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1358 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1360 =item --iso[=filename]
1362 Generates the ISO image that boots NOVA system via GRUB. If no filename
1363 is given, the image is stored under I<NAME>.iso, where I<NAME> is the name
1364 of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1366 =item --server[=[[user@]server:]path]
1368 Copy all files needed for booting to another location (implies B<-g>
1369 unless B<--grub2> is given). The files will be copied (by B<rsync>
1370 tool) to the directory I<path>. If the I<path> contains string $NAME,
1371 it will be replaced with the name of the novaboot script (see also
1376 If B<--server> is used and its value ends with $NAME, then after
1377 copying the files, a new bootloader configuration file (e.g. menu.lst)
1378 is created at I<path-wo-name>, i.e. the path specified by B<--server>
1379 with $NAME part removed. The content of the file is created by
1380 concatenating all files of the same name from all subdirectories of
1381 I<path-wo-name> found on the "server".
1383 =item --rsync-flags=I<flags>
1385 Specifies which I<flags> are appended to F<rsync> command line when
1386 copying files as a result of I<--server> option.
1390 =head2 Target power-on and reset phase
1396 Switch on/off the target machine and exit. The script (if any) is
1397 completely ignored. Currently it works only with B<--iprelay> or
1400 =item -Q, --qemu[=I<qemu-binary>]
1402 Boot the configuration in qemu. Optionally, the name of qemu binary
1403 can be specified as a parameter.
1405 =item --qemu-append=I<flags>
1407 Append I<flags> to the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or
1408 C<-cpu coreduo -smp 2>).
1410 =item -q, --qemu-flags=I<flags>
1412 Replace the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or C<-cpu coreduo
1413 -smp 2>) with I<flags> specified here.
1415 =item --reset-cmd=I<cmd>
1417 Command that resets the target.
1421 =head2 Interaction with the bootloader on the target
1427 Interact with uBoot bootloader to boot the thing described in the
1428 novaboot script. Implementation of this option is currently tied to a
1429 particular board that we use. It may be subject to changes in the
1434 Command(s) to send the U-Boot bootloader before loading the images and
1439 =head2 Target interaction phase
1441 In this phase, target's serial output is redirected to stdout and if
1442 stdin is a TTY, it is redirected to the target's serial input allowing
1443 interactive work with the target.
1447 =item --exiton=I<string>
1449 When I<string> is sent by the target, novaboot exits. This option can
1450 be specified multiple times.
1452 If I<string> is C<-re>, then the next B<--exiton>'s I<string> is
1453 treated as regular expression. For example:
1455 --exiton -re --exiton 'error:.*failed'
1457 =item -i, --interactive
1459 Setup things for interactive use of target. Your terminal will be
1460 switched to raw mode. In raw mode, your system does not process input
1461 in any way (no echoing of entered characters, no interpretation
1462 special characters). This, among others, means that Ctrl-C is passed
1463 to the target and does no longer interrupt novaboot. Use "~~."
1464 sequence to exit novaboot.
1466 =item --expect=I<string>
1468 When I<string> is received from the target, send the string specified
1469 with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1471 =item --expect-re=I<regex>
1473 When target's output matches regular expression I<regex>, send the
1474 string specified with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1476 =item --expect-raw=I<perl-code>
1478 Provides direct control over Perl's Expect module.
1480 =item --send=I<string>
1482 Send I<string> to the target after the previously specified
1483 B<--expect*> was matched in the target's output. The I<string> may
1484 contain escape sequences such as "\n".
1486 Note that I<string> is actually interpreted by Perl, so it can contain
1487 much more that escape sequences. This behavior may change in the
1490 Example: C<--expect='login: ' --send='root\n'>
1492 =item --sendcont=I<string>
1494 Similar to B<--send> but continue expecting more input.
1496 Example: C<--expect='Continue?' --sendcont='yes\n'>
1500 =head1 NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX
1502 The syntax tries to mimic POSIX shell syntax. The syntax is defined
1503 with the following rules.
1505 Lines starting with "#" and empty lines are ignored.
1507 Lines that end with "\" are concatenated with the following line after
1508 removal of the final "\" and leading whitespace of the following line.
1510 Lines of the form I<VARIABLE=...> (i.e. matching '^[A-Z_]+=' regular
1511 expression) assign values to internal variables. See L</VARIABLES>
1514 Lines starting with C<load> keyword represent modules to boot. The
1515 word after C<load> is a file name (relative to the build directory
1516 (see B<--build-dir>) of the module to load and the remaining words are
1517 passed to it as the command line parameters.
1519 When the C<load> line ends with "<<WORD" then the subsequent lines
1520 until the line containing solely WORD are copied literally to the file
1521 named on that line. This is similar to shell's heredoc feature.
1523 When the C<load> line ends with "< CMD" then command CMD is executed
1524 with F</bin/sh> and its standard output is stored in the file named on
1525 that line. The SRCDIR variable in CMD's environment is set to the
1526 absolute path of the directory containing the interpreted novaboot
1529 Lines starting with C<run> keyword contain shell commands that are run
1530 during file generation phase. This is the same as the "< CMD" syntax
1531 for C<load> keyboard except that the command's output is not
1532 redirected to a file. The ordering of commands is the same as they
1533 appear in the novaboot script.
1537 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
1538 load bzImage console=ttyS0,115200
1539 run make -C buildroot
1540 load rootfs.cpio < gen_cpio buildroot/images/rootfs.cpio "myapp->/etc/init.d/S99myapp"
1542 Example (NOVA User Land - NUL):
1544 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
1545 WVDESC=Example program
1546 load bin/apps/sigma0.nul S0_DEFAULT script_start:1,1 \
1547 verbose hostkeyb:0,0x60,1,12,2
1548 load bin/apps/hello.nul
1549 load hello.nulconfig <<EOF
1550 sigma0::mem:16 name::/s0/log name::/s0/timer name::/s0/fs/rom ||
1551 rom://bin/apps/hello.nul
1554 This example will load three modules: F<sigma0.nul>, F<hello.nul> and
1555 F<hello.nulconfig>. sigma0 receives some command line parameters and
1556 F<hello.nulconfig> file is generated on the fly from the lines between
1557 C<<<EOF> and C<EOF>.
1561 The following variables are interpreted in the novaboot script:
1567 Novaboot chdir()s to this directory before file generation phase. The
1568 directory name specified here is relative to the build directory
1569 specified by other means (see L</--build-dir>).
1573 Assigning this variable has the same effect as specifying L</--exiton>
1576 =item HYPERVISOR_PARAMS
1578 Parameters passed to hypervisor. The default value is "serial", unless
1579 overridden in configuration file.
1583 The kernel to use instead of the hypervisor specified in the
1584 configuration file with the C<$hypervisor> variable. The value should
1585 contain the name of the kernel image as well as its command line
1586 parameters. If this variable is defined and non-empty, the variable
1587 HYPERVISOR_PARAMS is not used.
1591 Use a specific qemu binary (can be overridden with B<-Q>) and flags
1592 when booting this script under qemu. If QEMU_FLAGS variable is also
1593 specified flags specified in QEMU variable are replaced by those in
1598 Use specific qemu flags (can be overridden with B<-q>).
1602 Description of the wvtest-compliant program.
1604 =item WVTEST_TIMEOUT
1606 The timeout in seconds for WvTest harness. If no complete line appears
1607 in the test output within the time specified here, the test fails. It
1608 is necessary to specify this for long running tests that produce no
1609 intermediate output.
1613 =head1 CONFIGURATION FILE
1615 Novaboot can read its configuration from one or more files. By
1616 default, novaboot looks for files named F<.novaboot> as described in
1617 L</Configuration reading phase>. Alternatively, its location can be
1618 specified with the B<-c> switch or with the NOVABOOT_CONFIG
1619 environment variable. The configuration file has perl syntax and
1620 should set values of certain Perl variables. The current configuration
1621 can be dumped with the B<--dump-config> switch. Some configuration
1622 variables can be overridden by environment variables (see below) or by
1623 command line switches.
1625 Supported configuration variables include:
1631 Build directory location relative to the location of the configuration
1634 =item $default_target
1636 Default target (see below) to use when no target is explicitly
1637 specified on command line with the B<--target> option.
1641 Hash of shortcuts to be used with the B<--target> option. If the hash
1642 contains, for instance, the following pair of values
1644 'mybox' => '--server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub',
1646 then the following two commands are equivalent:
1648 ./script --server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub
1653 =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1655 Some options can be specified not only via config file or command line
1656 but also through environment variables. Environment variables override
1657 the values from configuration file and command line parameters
1658 override the environment variables.
1662 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG
1664 Name of the novaboot configuration file to use instead of the default
1667 =item NOVABOOT_BENDER
1669 Defining this variable has the same meaning as B<--bender> option.
1675 Michal Sojka <sojka@os.inf.tu-dresden.de>