3 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
6 # (at your option) any later version.
8 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 # GNU General Public License for more details.
13 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 use warnings (exists $ENV{NOVABOOT_TEST} ? (FATAL => 'all') : ());
21 use Getopt::Long qw(GetOptionsFromString GetOptionsFromArray);
26 use Time::HiRes("usleep");
30 use POSIX qw(:errno_h sysconf);
31 use Cwd qw(getcwd abs_path);
37 my $invocation_dir = $ENV{PWD} || getcwd();
39 ## Configuration file handling
41 # Default configuration
42 $CFG::hypervisor = "";
43 $CFG::hypervisor_params = "serial";
44 $CFG::genisoimage = "genisoimage";
45 $CFG::qemu = 'qemu-system-i386 -cpu coreduo -smp 2';
46 $CFG::default_target = '';
49 "tud" => '--server=erwin.inf.tu-dresden.de:~sojka/boot/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --grub --grub-prefix=(nd)/tftpboot/sojka/novaboot --grub-preamble="timeout 0" --concat --iprelay=141.76.48.80:2324 --scriptmod=s/\\\\bhostserial\\\\b/hostserialpci/g',
50 "novabox" => '--server=rtime.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --pulsar --iprelay=147.32.87.159:2324',
51 "localhost" => '--scriptmod=s/console=tty[A-Z0-9,]+// --server=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2 --grub-prefix=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2-prolog=" set root=\'(hd0,msdos1)\'"',
52 "ryu" => '--uboot --uboot-init="mw f0000b00 \${psc_cfg}; sleep 1" --uboot-addr kernel=800000 --uboot-addr ramdisk=b00000 --uboot-addr fdt=7f0000',
53 "ryuglab" => '--target ryu --server=pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp --remote-cmd="ssh -tt pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz \"sterm -d -s 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0\""',
54 "ryulocal" => '--target ryu --dhcp-tftp --serial --reset-cmd="if which dtrrts; then dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 0 1; sleep 0.1; dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 1 1; fi"',
59 $const{linux}->{_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF} = 83;
60 my $nproc = sysconf($const{$^O}->{_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF});
62 $CFG::scons = "scons -j$nproc";
63 $CFG::make = "make -j$nproc";
71 package CFG; # Put config data into a separate namespace
77 die("ERROR: Failure compiling '$cfg' - $@");
78 } elsif (! defined($rc)) {
79 die("ERROR: Failure reading '$cfg' - $!");
81 die("ERROR: Failure processing '$cfg'");
84 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($CFG::builddir, dirname($cfg)) if defined $CFG::builddir;
85 print STDERR "novaboot: Read $cfg\n";
90 # We don't use $0 here, because it points to the novaboot itself and
91 # not to the novaboot script. The problem with this approach is that
92 # when a script is run as "novaboot <options> <script>" then $ARGV[0]
93 # contains the first option. Hence the -f check.
94 my $dir = File::Spec->rel2abs($ARGV[0] && -f $ARGV[0] ? dirname($ARGV[0]) : '', $invocation_dir);
95 while ((-d $dir || -l $dir ) && $dir ne "/") {
96 push @cfgs, "$dir/.novaboot" if -r "$dir/.novaboot";
97 my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir($dir);
98 $dir = File::Spec->catdir(@dirs[0..$#dirs-1]);
100 @cfgs = reverse @cfgs;
102 my $xdg_config_home = $ENV{'XDG_CONFIG_HOME'} || $ENV{'HOME'}.'/.config';
103 unshift(@cfgs, "$xdg_config_home/novaboot") if -r "$xdg_config_home/novaboot";
105 $dir = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR'} || '/etc/novaboot.d';
106 if (opendir(my $dh, $dir)) {
107 my @etccfg = map { "$dir/$_" } grep { /^[-_a-zA-Z0-9]+$/ && -f "$dir/$_" } readdir($dh);
109 @etccfg = sort(@etccfg);
110 @cfgs = ( @etccfg, @cfgs );
113 my $cfg = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG'};
114 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
115 GetOptions ("config|c=s" => \$cfg);
116 read_config($_) foreach $cfg or @cfgs;
118 ## Command line handling
120 my $explicit_target = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_TARGET'};
121 GetOptions ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target);
123 my ($amt, @append, $bender, @chainloaders, $concat, $config_name_opt, $dhcp_tftp, $dump_opt, $dump_config, @exiton, $exiton_timeout, @expect_raw, $final_eol, $gen_only, $grub_config, $grub_prefix, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog, $grub2_config, $help, $ider, $interaction, $iprelay, $iso_image, $interactive, $kernel_opt, $make, $man, $netif, $no_file_gen, $off_opt, $on_opt, $pulsar, $pulsar_root, $qemu, $qemu_append, $qemu_flags_cmd, $remote_cmd, $remote_expect, $remote_expect_silent, $reset, $reset_cmd, $reset_send, $rom_prefix, $rsync_flags, @scriptmod, $scons, $serial, $server, $stty, $tftp, $tftp_port, $uboot, %uboot_addr, $uboot_cmd, @uboot_init);
125 # Default values of certain command line options
127 'kernel' => '${kernel_addr_r}',
128 'ramdisk' => '${ramdisk_addr_r}',
129 'fdt' => '${fdt_addr_r}',
132 $rom_prefix = 'rom://';
133 $stty = 'raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200';
134 $reset = 1; # Reset target by default
135 $interaction = 1; # Perform target interaction by default
139 my @expect_seen = ();
143 push(@expect_seen, '-re') if $n eq "expect-re";
144 push(@expect_seen, $v);
150 unless (@expect_seen) { die("No --expect before --send"); }
151 my $ret = ($n eq "sendcont") ? exp_continue : 0;
152 unshift(@expect_raw, sub { shift->send(eval("\"$v\"")); $ret; });
153 unshift(@expect_raw, @expect_seen);
160 "append|a=s" => \@append,
161 "bender|b" => \$bender,
162 "build-dir=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($v); },
163 "concat" => \$concat,
164 "chainloader=s" => \@chainloaders,
165 "dhcp-tftp|d" => \$dhcp_tftp,
166 "dump" => \$dump_opt,
167 "dump-config" => \$dump_config,
168 "exiton=s" => \@exiton,
169 "exiton-timeout=i"=> \$exiton_timeout,
170 "exiton-re=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; push(@exiton, '-re', $v); },
171 "expect=s" => \&handle_expect,
172 "expect-re=s" => \&handle_expect,
173 "expect-raw=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; unshift(@expect_raw, eval($v)); },
174 "final-eol!" => \$final_eol,
175 "gen-only" => \$gen_only,
176 "grub|g:s" => \$grub_config,
177 "grub-preamble=s"=> \$grub_preamble,
178 "prefix|grub-prefix=s" => \$grub_prefix,
179 "grub2:s" => \$grub2_config,
180 "grub2-prolog=s" => \$grub2_prolog,
182 "interaction!" => \$interaction,
183 "iprelay=s" => \$iprelay,
184 "iso:s" => \$iso_image,
185 "kernel|k=s" => \$kernel_opt,
186 "interactive|i" => \$interactive,
187 "name=s" => \$config_name_opt,
188 "make|m:s" => \$make,
189 "netif=s" => \$netif,
190 "no-file-gen" => \$no_file_gen,
193 "pulsar|p:s" => \$pulsar,
194 "pulsar-root=s" => \$pulsar_root,
195 "qemu|Q:s" => \$qemu,
196 "qemu-append=s" => \$qemu_append,
197 "qemu-flags|q=s" => \$qemu_flags_cmd,
198 "remote-cmd=s" => \$remote_cmd,
199 "remote-expect=s"=> \$remote_expect,
200 "remote-expect-silent=s"=> sub { $remote_expect=$_[1]; $remote_expect_silent=1; },
202 "reset-cmd=s" => \$reset_cmd,
203 "reset-send=s" => \$reset_send,
204 "rsync-flags=s" => \$rsync_flags,
205 "scons:s" => \$scons,
206 "scriptmod=s" => \@scriptmod,
207 "send=s" => \&handle_send,
208 "sendcont=s" => \&handle_send,
209 "serial|s:s" => \$serial,
210 "server:s" => \$server,
211 "strip-rom" => sub { $rom_prefix = ''; },
214 "tftp-port=i" => \$tftp_port,
215 "uboot:s" => \$uboot,
216 "no-uboot" => sub { undef $uboot; },
217 "uboot-addr=s" => \%uboot_addr,
218 "uboot-cmd=s" => \$uboot_cmd,
219 "uboot-init=s" => sub { push @uboot_init, { command => $_[1] }; },
224 # First process target options
226 my $t = defined($explicit_target) ? $explicit_target : $CFG::default_target;
228 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
230 exists $CFG::targets{$t} or die("Unknown target '$t' (valid targets are: ".join(", ", sort keys(%CFG::targets)).")");
232 undef $explicit_target;
233 my ($ret, $remaining_args) = GetOptionsFromString ($CFG::targets{$t}, ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target));
234 if (!$ret) { die "Error parsing target $t option"; }
235 push(@target_expanded, @$remaining_args);
236 $t = $explicit_target;
239 (undef, my @args) = @ARGV;
240 @args = (@target_expanded, @args);
241 print STDERR "novaboot: Effective options: @args\n";
243 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case no_pass_through/);
244 GetOptionsFromArray(\@target_expanded, %opt_spec) or die ("Error in target definition");
247 # Then process other command line options - some of them may override
248 # what was specified by the target
249 GetOptions %opt_spec or die("Error in command line arguments");
250 pod2usage(1) if $help;
251 pod2usage(-exitstatus => 0, -verbose => 2) if $man;
253 ### Dump sanitized configuration (if requested)
257 $Data::Dumper::Indent=1;
258 print "# This file is in perl syntax.\n";
259 foreach my $key(sort(keys(%CFG::))) { # See "Symbol Tables" in perlmod(1)
260 if (defined ${$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([${$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
261 if ( @{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\@{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
262 if ( %{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\%{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
268 ### Sanitize configuration
270 if ($interactive && !-t STDIN) {
271 die("novaboot: Interactive mode not supported when not on terminal");
274 if (defined $config_name_opt && scalar(@ARGV) > 1) { die "You cannot use --name with multiple scripts"; }
277 $iso_image //= ''; # IDE-R needs an ISO image
278 if (!defined $amt) { die "Error: --ider requires --amt"; }
282 my %input_opts = ('--iprelay' => \$iprelay,
283 '--serial' => \$serial,
284 '--remote-cmd' => \$remote_cmd,
286 my @opts = grep(defined(${$input_opts{$_}}) , keys %input_opts);
288 die("novaboot: More than one target connection option: ".join(', ', @opts)) if scalar @opts > 1;
292 if (defined $serial) {
293 $serial ||= "/dev/ttyUSB0";
294 $ENV{NB_SERIAL} = $serial;
296 if (defined $grub_config) { $grub_config ||= "menu.lst"; }
297 if (defined $grub2_config) { $grub2_config ||= "grub.cfg"; }
299 ## Parse the novaboot script(s)
304 my ($modules, $variables, $generated, $copy, $chainload, $continuation) = ([], {}, [], []);
305 my $skip_reading = defined($on_opt) || defined($off_opt);
306 while (!$skip_reading && ($_ = <>)) {
307 if ($ARGV ne $last_fn) { # New script
308 die "Missing EOF in $last_fn" if $file;
309 die "Unfinished line in $last_fn" if $continuation;
311 push @scripts, { 'filename' => $ARGV,
312 'modules' => $modules = [],
313 'variables' => $variables = {},
314 'generated' => $generated = [],
315 'copy' => $copy = [],
316 'chainload' => $chainload = [],
321 next if /^#/ || /^\s*$/; # Skip comments and empty lines
323 $_ =~ s/^[[:space:]]*// if ($continuation);
325 if (/\\$/) { # Line continuation
326 $continuation .= substr($_, 0, length($_)-1);
330 if ($continuation) { # Last continuation line
331 $_ = $continuation . $_;
335 foreach my $mod(@scriptmod) { eval $mod; }
337 if ($file && $_ eq $EOF) { # Heredoc end
341 if ($file) { # Heredoc content
342 push @{$file}, "$_\n";
345 if (/^([A-Z_]+)=(.*)$/) { # Internal variable
346 $$variables{$1} = $2;
347 push(@exiton, $2) if ($1 eq "EXITON");
350 sub process_load_copy($) {
351 die("novaboot: '$last_fn' line $.: Missing file name\n") unless /^[^ <]+/;
352 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*<<([^ ]*)$/) { # Heredoc start
354 push @$generated, {filename => $1, content => $file};
358 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*< ?(.*)$/) { # Command substitution
359 push @$generated, {filename => $1, command => $3};
364 if (s/^load *//) { # Load line
365 push @$modules, process_load_copy($_);
368 if (s/^copy *//) { # Copy line
369 push @$copy, process_load_copy($_);
372 if (s/^chld *//) { # Chainload line
373 push @$chainload, process_load_copy($_);
376 if (/^run (.*)/) { # run line
377 push @$generated, {command => $1};
380 if (/^uboot(?::([0-9]+)s)? +(< *)?(.*)/) { # uboot line
381 # TODO: If U-Boot supports some interactive menu, it might
382 # make sense to store uboot lines per novaboot script.
383 my ($timeout, $redir, $string, $dest) = ($1, $2, $3);
384 if ($string =~ /(.*) *> *(.*)/) {
388 push @uboot_init, { command => $redir ? "" : $string,
389 system => $redir ? $string : "",
396 die("novaboot: Cannot parse script '$last_fn' line $.. Didn't you forget 'load' keyword?\n");
399 # print Dumper(\@scripts);
401 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
402 $modules = $$script{modules};
403 @$modules[0] =~ s/^[^ ]*/$kernel_opt/ if $kernel_opt;
404 @$modules[0] .= ' ' . join(' ', @append) if @append;
407 if (exists $variables->{KERNEL}) {
408 $kernel = $variables->{KERNEL};
410 if ($CFG::hypervisor) {
411 $kernel = $CFG::hypervisor . " ";
412 if (exists $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS}) {
413 $kernel .= $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS};
415 $kernel .= $CFG::hypervisor_params;
419 @$modules = ($kernel, @$modules) if $kernel;
420 @$modules = (@chainloaders, @$modules);
421 @$modules = ("bin/boot/bender", @$modules) if ($bender || defined $ENV{'NOVABOOT_BENDER'});
425 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
426 print join("\n", @{$$script{modules}})."\n";
433 sub generate_configs($$$) {
434 my ($base, $generated, $filename) = @_;
435 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
436 foreach my $g(@$generated) {
437 if (exists $$g{content}) {
438 my $config = $$g{content};
439 my $fn = $$g{filename};
440 open(my $f, '>', $fn) || die("$fn: $!");
441 map { s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; print $f "$_"; } @{$config};
443 print STDERR "novaboot: Created $fn\n";
444 } elsif (exists $$g{command} && ! $no_file_gen) {
445 $ENV{SRCDIR} = dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( $filename, $invocation_dir ));
446 if (exists $$g{filename}) {
447 system_verbose("( $$g{command} ) > $$g{filename}");
449 system_verbose($$g{command});
455 sub generate_grub_config($$$$;$)
457 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble) = @_;
458 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
459 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
460 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
461 print $fg "title $title\n" if $title;
462 #print $fg "root $base\n"; # root doesn't really work for (nd)
464 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
467 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
468 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
469 print $fg "kernel ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
471 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
472 print $fg "module $base$_\n";
476 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
480 sub generate_syslinux_config($$$$)
482 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref) = @_;
483 if ($base && $base !~ /\/$/) { $base = "$base/"; };
484 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
485 print $fg "LABEL $title\n";
486 #TODO print $fg "MENU LABEL $human_readable_title\n";
488 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', @$modules_ref[0], 2);
490 if (system("file $kbin|grep 'Linux kernel'") == 0) {
491 my $initrd = @$modules_ref[1];
492 die('To many "load" lines for Linux kernel') if (scalar @$modules_ref > 2);
493 print $fg "LINUX $base$kbin\n";
494 print $fg "APPEND $kcmd\n";
495 print $fg "INITRD $base$initrd\n";
497 print $fg "KERNEL mboot.c32\n";
499 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
500 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
501 push @append, "$base$_";
502 print $fg "APPEND ".join(' --- ', @append)."\n";
505 #TODO print $fg "TEXT HELP\n";
506 #TODO print $fg "some help here\n";
507 #TODO print $fg "ENDTEXT\n";
509 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
513 sub generate_grub2_config($$$$;$$)
515 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble, $prolog) = @_;
516 if ($base && substr($base,-1,1) ne '/') { $base = "$base/"; };
517 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
518 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
519 $title ||= 'novaboot';
520 print $fg "menuentry $title {\n";
521 print $fg "$prolog\n" if $prolog;
523 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
526 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
527 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
528 print $fg " multiboot ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
531 # GRUB2 doesn't pass filename in multiboot info so we have to duplicate it here
532 $_ = join(' ', ($args[0], @args));
533 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g; # We do not need to translate path for GRUB2
534 print $fg " module $base$_\n";
539 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
543 sub generate_pulsar_config($$$)
545 my ($filename, $modules_ref, $chainload_ref) = @_;
546 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
547 print $fg "root $pulsar_root\n" if defined $pulsar_root;
548 if (scalar(@$chainload_ref) > 0) {
549 print $fg "chld $$chainload_ref[0]\n";
553 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
556 ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
557 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
560 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g;
561 print $fg "load $_\n";
564 # Put kernel as last - this is needed for booting Linux and has no influence on non-Linux OSes
565 print $fg "exec $kbin $kcmd\n";
568 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
572 sub shell_cmd_string(@)
574 return join(' ', map((/^[-_=a-zA-Z0-9\/\.\+]+$/ ? "$_" : "'$_'"), @_));
579 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string(@_)."\n";
581 exit(1); # should not be reached
584 sub system_verbose($)
587 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n";
588 my $ret = system($cmd);
589 if ($ret & 0x007f) { die("Command terminated by a signal"); }
590 if ($ret & 0xff00) {die("Command exit with non-zero exit code"); }
591 if ($ret) { die("Command failure $ret"); }
596 $str =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
602 if (exists $variables->{WVDESC}) {
603 print STDERR "Testing \"$variables->{WVDESC}\" in $last_fn:\n";
604 } elsif ($last_fn =~ /\.wv$/) {
605 print STDERR "Testing \"all\" in $last_fn:\n";
608 ## Connect to the target and check whether it is not occupied
610 # We have to do this before file generation phase, because file
611 # generation is intermixed with file deployment phase and we want to
612 # check whether the target is not used by somebody else before
613 # deploying files. Otherwise, we may rewrite other user's files on a
616 my $exp; # Expect object to communicate with the target over serial line
618 my ($target_reset, $target_power_on, $target_power_off);
619 my ($amt_user, $amt_password, $amt_host, $amt_port);
621 if (defined $iprelay) {
623 $iprelay =~ /([.0-9]+)(:([0-9]+))?/;
626 my $paddr = sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton($addr));
627 my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');
628 socket($IPRELAY, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) || die "socket: $!";
629 print STDERR "novaboot: Connecting to IP relay... ";
630 connect($IPRELAY, $paddr) || die "connect: $!";
631 print STDERR "done\n";
632 $exp = Expect->init(\*$IPRELAY);
636 print $exp "\xFF\xF6"; # AYT
637 my $connected = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
638 '<iprelayd: connected>',
639 '-re', '<WEB51 HW[^>]*>');
644 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
645 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
647 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0x5 : 0x6) | ($onoff ? 0x20 : 0x10);
648 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x32".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
652 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
653 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
654 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0xdf : 0xbf) | ($onoff ? 0x00 : 0xff);
655 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x97".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
659 my ($relay, $onoff, $can_giveup) = @_;
660 my $confirmation = '';
662 print $exp relaycmd($relay, $onoff);
663 my $confirmed = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
664 relayconf($relay, $onoff));
667 print("Relay confirmation timeout - ignoring\n");
669 die "Relay confirmation timeout";
675 $target_reset = sub {
676 relay(2, 1, 1); # Reset the machine
681 $target_power_off = sub {
682 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
683 usleep(6000000); # Long press to switch off
687 $target_power_on = sub {
688 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
689 usleep(100000); # Short press
695 system_verbose("stty -F $serial $stty");
696 open($CONN, "+<", $serial) || die "open $serial: $!";
697 $exp = Expect->init(\*$CONN);
699 elsif ($remote_cmd) {
700 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $remote_cmd\n";
701 $exp = Expect->spawn($remote_cmd);
703 elsif (defined $amt) {
704 require LWP::UserAgent;
705 require LWP::Authen::Digest;
708 my ($host, $username, $password, $schema, $className, $pstate) = @_;
709 #AMT numbers for PowerStateChange (MNI => bluescreen on windows;-)
710 my %pstates = ("on" => 2,
717 <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:w="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wsman/1/wsman.xsd">
718 <s:Header><a:To>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:To>
719 <w:ResourceURI s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema</w:ResourceURI>
720 <a:ReplyTo><a:Address s:mustUnderstand="true">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</a:Address></a:ReplyTo>
721 <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema$className</a:Action>
722 <w:MaxEnvelopeSize s:mustUnderstand="true">153600</w:MaxEnvelopeSize>
723 <a:MessageID>uuid:709072C9-609C-4B43-B301-075004043C7C</a:MessageID>
724 <w:Locale xml:lang="en-US" s:mustUnderstand="false" />
725 <w:OperationTimeout>PT60.000S</w:OperationTimeout>
726 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">Intel(r) AMT Power Management Service</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
728 <p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT xmlns:p="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService">
729 <p:PowerState>$pstates{$pstate}</p:PowerState>
730 <p:ManagedElement><a:Address>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:Address>
731 <a:ReferenceParameters><w:ResourceURI>http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ComputerSystem</w:ResourceURI>
732 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">ManagedSystem</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
733 </a:ReferenceParameters></p:ManagedElement>
734 </p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT>
735 </s:Body></s:Envelope>
740 my ($host, $username, $password, $content) = @_;
742 my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
743 $ua->agent("novaboot");
745 my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
746 my $res = $ua->request($req);
747 die ("Unexpected AMT response: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->code == 401;
749 my ($realm) = $res->header("WWW-Authenticate") =~ /Digest realm="(.*?)"/;
750 $ua->credentials("$host:16992", $realm, $username => $password);
753 $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
754 $req->content_type('application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
755 $req->content($content);
756 $res = $ua->request($req);
757 die ("AMT power change request failed: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->is_success;
758 $res->content() =~ /<g:ReturnValue>(\d+)<\/g:ReturnValue>/;
763 my ($host, $username, $password, $pstate)=@_;
764 my $schema="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService";
765 my $className="/RequestPowerStateChange";
766 my $content = genXML($host, $username, $password ,$schema, $className, $pstate);
767 return sendPOST($host, $username, $password, $content);
770 ($amt_user,$amt_password,$amt_host,$amt_port) = ($amt =~ /(?:(.*?)(?::(.*))?@)?([^:]*)(?::([0-9]*))?/);;
771 $amt_user ||= "admin";
772 $amt_password ||= $ENV{'AMT_PASSWORD'} || die "AMT password not specified";
773 $amt_host || die "AMT host not specified";
777 $target_power_off = sub {
779 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "off");
780 die "AMT power off failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
783 $target_power_on = sub {
784 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "on");
785 die "AMT power on failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
788 $target_reset = sub {
789 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "reset");
791 print STDERR "Warning: Cannot reset $amt_host, trying power on. ";
792 $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "on");
794 die "AMT reset failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
797 my $cmd = "amtterm -u $amt_user -p $amt_password $amt_host $amt_port";
798 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
799 $exp = Expect->spawn($cmd);
800 $exp->expect(10, "RUN_SOL") || die "Expect for 'RUN_SOL' timed out";
805 if ($remote_expect) {
806 $exp || die("No serial line connection");
807 my $log = $exp->log_stdout;
808 if (defined $remote_expect_silent) {
811 $exp->expect(180, $remote_expect) || die "Expect for '$remote_expect' timed out";
812 if (defined $remote_expect_silent) {
813 $exp->log_stdout($log);
814 print $exp->after() if $log;
818 if (defined $reset_cmd) {
819 $target_reset = sub {
820 system_verbose($reset_cmd);
824 if (defined $reset_send) {
825 $target_reset = sub {
826 $reset_send =~ s/\\n/\n/g;
827 $exp->send($reset_send);
831 if (defined $on_opt && defined $target_power_on) {
835 if (defined $off_opt && defined $target_power_off) {
836 print STDERR "novaboot: Switching the target off...\n";
837 &$target_power_off();
841 $builddir ||= dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( ${$scripts[0]}{filename})) if scalar @scripts;
842 if (defined $builddir) {
843 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
844 print STDERR "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
846 $builddir = $invocation_dir;
849 ## File generation phase
850 my (%files_iso, $menu_iso, $filename);
851 my $config_name = '';
854 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
855 $filename = $$script{filename};
856 $modules = $$script{modules};
857 $generated = $$script{generated};
858 $variables = $$script{variables};
860 ($config_name = $filename) =~ s#.*/##;
861 $config_name = $config_name_opt if (defined $config_name_opt);
863 if (exists $variables->{BUILDDIR}) {
864 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($variables->{BUILDDIR});
865 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
866 print STDERR "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
870 $prefix = $grub_prefix;
871 $prefix =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
872 $prefix =~ s/\$BUILDDIR/$builddir/;
874 # TODO: use $grub_prefix as first parameter if some switch is given
875 generate_configs('', $generated, $filename);
877 ### Generate bootloader configuration files
878 my @bootloader_configs;
879 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub_config($grub_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble) if (defined $grub_config);
880 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub2_config($grub2_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog) if (defined $grub2_config);
881 push @bootloader_configs, generate_pulsar_config('config-'.($pulsar||'novaboot'), $modules, $chainload) if (defined $pulsar);
883 ### Run scons or make
886 push @all, @$modules;
888 push @all, @$chainload;
889 my @files = map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } @all);
891 # Filter-out generated files
892 my @to_build = grep({ my $file = $_; !scalar(grep($file eq ($$_{filename} || ''), @$generated)) } @files);
894 system_verbose($scons || $CFG::scons." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $scons);
895 system_verbose($make || $CFG::make ." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $make);
898 ### Copy files (using rsync)
899 if (defined $server && !defined($gen_only)) {
900 (my $real_server = $server) =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
902 my ($hostname, $path) = split(":", $real_server, 2);
903 if (! defined $path) {
907 my $files = join(" ", map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } ( @$modules, @bootloader_configs, @$copy)));
908 map({ my $file = (split)[0]; die "$file: $!" if ! -f $file; } @$modules);
909 my $istty = -t STDOUT && ($ENV{'TERM'} || 'dumb') ne 'dumb';
910 my $progress = $istty ? "--progress" : "";
912 system_verbose("rsync $progress -RLp $rsync_flags $files $real_server");
913 if ($server =~ m|/\$NAME$| && $concat) {
914 my $cmd = join("; ", map { "( cd $path/.. && cat */$_ > $_ )" } @bootloader_configs);
915 system_verbose($hostname ? "ssh $hostname '$cmd'" : $cmd);
920 ### Prepare ISO image generation
921 if (defined $iso_image) {
922 generate_configs("(cd)", $generated, $filename);
924 generate_syslinux_config(\$menu, $config_name, "/", $modules);
925 $menu_iso .= "$menu\n";
926 map { ($file,undef) = split; $files_iso{$file} = 1; } @$modules;
930 ## Generate ISO image
931 if (defined $iso_image) {
932 system_verbose("mkdir -p isolinux");
935 if (-f '/usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin') {
936 # Newer ISOLINUX version
937 @files = qw(/usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/libcom32.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/menu.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/ldlinux.c32);
939 # Older ISOLINUX version
940 @files = qw(/usr/lib/syslinux/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/menu.c32);
942 system_verbose("cp @files isolinux");
943 open(my $fh, ">isolinux/isolinux.cfg");
945 print $fh "TIMEOUT 50\n";
946 print $fh "DEFAULT menu\n";
948 print $fh "DEFAULT $config_name\n";
950 print $fh "$menu_iso";
953 my $files = join(" ", map("$_=$_", (keys(%files_iso), 'isolinux/isolinux.cfg', map(s|.*/|isolinux/|r, @files))));
954 $iso_image ||= "$config_name.iso";
956 # Note: We use -U flag below to "Allow 'untranslated' filenames,
957 # completely violating the ISO9660 standards". Without this
958 # option, isolinux is not able to read files names for example
960 system_verbose("$CFG::genisoimage -R -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -hide-rr-moved -U -o $iso_image -graft-points $files");
961 print("ISO image created: $builddir/$iso_image\n");
964 exit(0) if defined $gen_only;
966 ## Boot the system using various methods and send serial output to stdout
968 if (scalar(@scripts) > 1 && ( defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $serial || defined $iprelay)) {
969 die "You cannot do this with multiple scripts simultaneously";
972 if ($variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}) {
973 print STDERR "wvtest: timeout ", $variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}, "\n";
980 $qemu ||= $variables->{QEMU} || $CFG::qemu;
981 my @qemu_flags = split(" ", $qemu);
982 $qemu = shift(@qemu_flags);
984 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($variables->{QEMU_FLAGS})) if exists $variables->{QEMU_FLAGS};
985 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($qemu_flags_cmd)) if $qemu_flags_cmd;
986 push(@qemu_flags, split(/ +/, trim($qemu_append || '')));
988 if (defined $iso_image) {
989 # Boot NOVA with grub (and test the iso image)
990 push(@qemu_flags, ('-cdrom', $iso_image));
992 # Boot NOVA without GRUB
994 # Non-patched qemu doesn't like commas, but NUL can live with pluses instead of commans
995 foreach (@$modules) {s/,/+/g;}
996 generate_configs("", $generated, $filename);
998 if (scalar @$modules) {
999 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
1000 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
1002 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
1003 my $initrd = join ",", @$modules;
1005 push(@qemu_flags, ('-kernel', $kbin, '-append', $kcmd));
1006 push(@qemu_flags, ('-initrd', $initrd)) if $initrd;
1007 push(@qemu_flags, ('-dtb', $dtb)) if $dtb;
1010 if (!grep /^-serial$/, @qemu_flags) {
1011 push(@qemu_flags, qw(-serial stdio)); # Redirect serial output (for collecting test restuls)
1013 unshift(@qemu_flags, ('-name', $config_name));
1014 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string($qemu, @qemu_flags)."\n";
1015 $exp = Expect->spawn(($qemu, @qemu_flags)) || die("exec() failed: $!");
1018 ### Local DHCPD and TFTPD
1020 my ($dhcpd_pid, $tftpd_pid);
1022 $tftp=1 if $tftp_port;
1024 if (defined $dhcp_tftp)
1026 generate_configs("(nd)", $generated, $filename);
1027 system_verbose('mkdir -p tftpboot');
1028 generate_grub_config("tftpboot/os-menu.lst", $config_name, "(nd)", \@$modules, "timeout 0");
1029 open(my $fh, '>', 'dhcpd.conf');
1030 my $mac = `cat /sys/class/net/$netif/address`;
1032 print $fh "subnet 10.23.23.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
1033 range 10.23.23.10 10.23.23.100;
1034 filename \"bin/boot/grub/pxegrub.pxe\";
1035 next-server 10.23.23.1;
1038 hardware ethernet $mac;
1039 fixed-address 10.23.23.1;
1042 system_verbose("sudo ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev $netif;
1043 sudo ip l set dev $netif up;
1044 sudo touch dhcpd.leases");
1046 # We run servers by forking ourselves, because the servers end up
1047 # in our process group and get killed by signals sent to the
1048 # process group (e.g. Ctrl-C on terminal).
1049 $dhcpd_pid = fork();
1050 exec_verbose("sudo dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid") if ($dhcpd_pid == 0);
1053 if (defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $tftp) {
1055 # Unfortunately, tftpd requires root privileges even with
1056 # non-privileged (>1023) port due to initgroups().
1057 system_verbose("sudo in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid --address :$tftp_port $builddir");
1059 # Kill server when we die
1060 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid') if (defined $dhcp_tftp);
1061 system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); };
1063 # We have to kill tftpd explicitely, because it is not in our process group
1064 $SIG{INT} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); exit(0); };
1068 if (defined $ider) {
1069 my $ider_cmd= "amtider -c $iso_image -u $amt_user -p $amt_password $amt_host $amt_port" ;
1070 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $ider_cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
1071 my $ider_pid = fork();
1072 if ($ider_pid == 0) {
1074 die "IDE redirection failed";
1076 # FIXME: This collides with --tftp option. Hopefully, nobody needs
1077 # to use both simultaneously.
1078 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('kill $ider_pid'); };
1081 ### Reset target (IP relay, AMT, ...)
1083 if (defined $target_reset && $reset) {
1084 print STDERR "novaboot: Reseting the test box... ";
1086 print STDERR "done\n";
1088 # We don't want to output anything printed by the target
1089 # before reset so we clear the buffers now. This is, however,
1090 # not ideal because we may loose some data that were sent
1091 # after the reset. If this is a problem, one should reset and
1092 # connect to serial line in atomic manner. For example, if
1093 # supported by hardware, use --remote-cmd 'sterm -d ...' and
1094 # do not use separate --reset-cmd.
1095 my $log = $exp->log_stdout;
1096 $exp->log_stdout(0);
1097 $exp->expect(0); # Read data from target
1098 $exp->clear_accum(); # Clear the read data
1099 $exp->log_stdout($log);
1103 ### U-boot conversation
1104 if (defined $uboot) {
1105 my $uboot_prompt = $uboot || '=> ';
1106 print STDERR "novaboot: Waiting for U-Boot prompt...\n";
1107 $exp || die("No serial line connection");
1108 $exp->log_stdout(1);
1109 #$exp->exp_internal(1);
1111 [qr/Hit any key to stop autoboot:/, sub { $exp->send("\n"); exp_continue; }],
1112 $uboot_prompt) || die "No U-Boot prompt deteceted";
1113 foreach my $cmdspec (@uboot_init) {
1114 my ($cmd, $timeout);
1115 die "Internal error - please report a bug" unless ref($cmdspec) eq "HASH";
1117 if ($cmdspec->{system}) {
1118 $cmd = `$cmdspec->{system}`;
1120 $cmd = $cmdspec->{command};
1122 $timeout = $cmdspec->{timeout} // 10;
1124 if ($cmd =~ /\$NB_MYIP/) {
1125 my $ip = (grep /inet /, `ip addr show $netif`)[0] || die "Problem determining IP address of $netif";
1126 $ip =~ s/\s*inet ([0-9.]*).*/$1/;
1127 $cmd =~ s/\$NB_MYIP/$ip/g;
1129 if ($cmd =~ /\$NB_PREFIX/) {
1132 $cmd =~ s/\$NB_PREFIX/$p/g;
1135 $exp->send("$cmd\n");
1137 my ($matched_pattern_position, $error,
1138 $successfully_matching_string,
1139 $before_match, $after_match) =
1140 $exp->expect($timeout, $uboot_prompt);
1141 die "No U-Boot prompt: $error" if $error;
1143 if ($cmdspec->{dest}) {
1144 open(my $fh, ">", $cmdspec->{dest}) or die "Cannot open '$cmdspec->{dest}': $!";
1145 print $fh $before_match;
1150 # Load files if there are some load lines in the script
1151 if (scalar(@$modules) > 0 && !$variables->{NO_BOOT}) {
1152 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
1154 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
1155 my $initrd = shift @$modules;
1157 if (defined $kbin) {
1158 die "No '--uboot-addr kernel' given" unless $uboot_addr{kernel};
1159 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{kernel} $prefix$kbin\n");
1161 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1162 $uboot_prompt) || die "Kernel load timeout";
1165 die "No '--uboot-addr fdt' given" unless $uboot_addr{fdt};
1166 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{fdt} $prefix$dtb\n");
1168 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1169 $uboot_prompt) || die "Device tree load timeout";
1171 if (defined $initrd) {
1172 die "No '--uboot-addr ramdisk' given" unless $uboot_addr{ramdisk};
1173 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{ramdisk} $prefix$initrd\n");
1175 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1176 $uboot_prompt) || die "Initrd load timeout";
1178 $uboot_addr{ramdisk} = '-';
1182 $exp->send("setenv bootargs $kcmd\n");
1183 $exp->expect(5, $uboot_prompt) || die "U-Boot prompt timeout";
1186 $uboot_cmd //= $variables->{UBOOT_CMD} // 'bootm $kernel_addr $ramdisk_addr $fdt_addr';
1187 if (!$variables->{NO_BOOT} && $uboot_cmd ne '') {
1188 $uboot_cmd =~ s/\$kernel_addr/$uboot_addr{kernel}/g;
1189 $uboot_cmd =~ s/\$ramdisk_addr/$uboot_addr{ramdisk}/g;
1190 $uboot_cmd =~ s/\$fdt_addr/$uboot_addr{fdt}/g;
1192 $exp->send($uboot_cmd . "\n");
1193 $exp->expect(5, "\n") || die "U-Boot command timeout";
1197 ### Serial line interaction
1198 if ($interaction && defined $exp) {
1199 # Serial line of the target is available
1200 my $interrupt = 'Ctrl-C';
1201 if ($interactive && !@exiton) {
1202 $interrupt = '"~~."';
1204 print STDERR "novaboot: Serial line interaction (press $interrupt to interrupt)...\n";
1205 $exp->log_stdout(1);
1207 $exp->expect($exiton_timeout, @expect_raw, @exiton) || die("exiton timeout");
1209 my @inputs = ($exp);
1210 my $infile = new IO::File;
1211 $infile->IO::File::fdopen(*STDIN,'r');
1212 my $in_object = Expect->exp_init($infile);
1213 $in_object->set_group($exp);
1216 $in_object->set_seq('~~\.', sub { print STDERR "novaboot: Escape sequence detected\r\n"; undef; });
1217 $in_object->manual_stty(0); # Use raw terminal mode
1219 $in_object->manual_stty(1); # Do not modify terminal settings
1221 push(@inputs, $in_object);
1223 #print Dumper(\@expect_raw);
1224 $exp->expect(undef, @expect_raw) if @expect_raw;
1225 Expect::interconnect(@inputs) unless defined($exp->exitstatus);
1229 ## Kill dhcpc or tftpd
1230 if (defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $tftp) {
1231 die("novaboot: This should kill servers on background\n");
1234 # Always finish novaboot output with newline
1235 print "\n" if $final_eol;
1242 novaboot - Boots a locally compiled operating system on a remote
1249 B<novaboot> [option]... [--] script...
1251 B<./script> [option]...
1255 Novaboot makes booting of a locally compiled operating system (OS)
1256 (e.g. NOVA or Linux) on remote targets as simple as running a program
1257 locally. It automates things like copying OS images to a TFTP server,
1258 generation of bootloader configuration files, resetting of target
1259 hardware or redirection of target's serial line to stdin/out. Novaboot
1260 is highly configurable and makes it easy to boot a single image on
1261 different targets or different images on a single target.
1263 Novaboot operation is controlled by configuration files, command line
1264 options and by a so called novaboot script, which can be thought as a
1265 generalization of bootloader configuration files (see L</"NOVABOOT
1266 SCRIPT SYNTAX">). Typical way of using novaboot is to make the
1267 novaboot script executable and set its first line to I<#!/usr/bin/env
1268 novaboot>. Then, booting a particular OS configuration becomes the
1269 same as executing a local program – the novaboot script.
1271 Novaboot uses configuration files to, among other things, define
1272 command line options needed for different targets. Users typically use
1273 only the B<-t>/B<--target> command line option to select the target.
1274 Internally, this option expands to the pre-configured options.
1275 Configuration files are searched at multiple places, which allows to
1276 have per-system, per-user or per-project configurations. Configuration
1277 file syntax is described in section L</"CONFIGURATION FILES">.
1279 Simple examples of using C<novaboot>:
1285 Run an OS in Qemu. This can be specified with the B<--qemu> option.
1288 novaboot --qemu myos
1290 (or C<./myos --qemu> as described above) will run Qemu and make it
1291 boot the configuration specified in the F<myos> script.
1295 Create a bootloader configuration file (currently supported
1296 bootloaders are GRUB, GRUB2, ISOLINUX, Pulsar and U-Boot) and copy it
1297 with all other files needed for booting to a remote boot server. Then
1298 use a TCP/IP-controlled relay/serial-to-TCP converter to reset the
1299 target and receive its serial output.
1301 ./myos --grub2 --server=192.168.1.1:/tftp --iprelay=192.168.1.2
1303 Alternatively, you can put these switches to the configuration file
1306 ./myos --target mytarget
1310 Run DHCP and TFTP server on developer's machine to boot the target
1315 This is useful when no network infrastructure is in place and
1316 the target is connected directly to developer's box.
1320 Create bootable ISO image.
1322 novaboot --iso -- script1 script2
1324 The created ISO image will have ISOLINUX bootloader installed on it
1325 and the boot menu will allow selecting between I<script1> and
1326 I<script2> configurations.
1330 =head1 PHASES AND OPTIONS
1332 Novaboot performs its work in several phases. Each phase can be
1333 influenced by several command line options, certain phases can be
1334 skipped. The list of phases (in the execution order) is as follows.
1338 =item 1. L<Configuration reading|/Configuration reading phase>
1340 =item 2. L<Command line processing|/Command line processing phase>
1342 =item 3. L<Script preprocessing|/Script preprocessing phase>
1344 =item 4. L<File generation|/File generation phase>
1346 =item 5. L<Target connection|/Target connection check>
1348 =item 6. L<File deployment|/File deployment phase>
1350 =item 7. L<Target power-on and reset|/Target power-on and reset phase>
1352 =item 8. L<Interaction with the bootloader|/Interaction with the bootloader on the target>
1354 =item 9. L<Target interaction|/Target interaction phase>
1358 Each phase is described in the following sections together with the
1359 command line options that control it.
1361 =head2 Configuration reading phase
1363 After starting, novaboot reads configuration files. Their content is
1364 described in section L</"CONFIGURATION FILES">. By default,
1365 configuration is read from multiple locations. First from the system
1366 configuration directory (F</etc/novaboot.d/>), second from the user
1367 configuration file (F<~/.config/novaboot>) and third from F<.novaboot>
1368 files along the path to the current directory. Alternatively, a single
1369 configuration file specified with the B<-c> switch or with the
1370 C<NOVABOOT_CONFIG> environment variable is read. The latter read files
1371 override settings from the former ones.
1373 The system configuration directory is determined by the content of
1374 NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR environment variable and defaults to
1375 F</etc/novaboot.d>. Files in this directory with names consisting
1376 solely of English letters, numbers, dashes '-' and underscores '_'
1377 (note that dot '.' is not included) are read in alphabetical order.
1379 Then, the user configuration file is read from
1380 F<$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/novaboot>. If C<$XDG_CONFIG_HOME> environemnt
1381 variable is not set F<~/.config/novaboot> is read instead.
1383 Finally, novaboot searches for files named F<.novaboot> starting from the
1384 directory of the novaboot script (or working directory, see bellow)
1385 and continuing upwards up to the root directory. The found
1386 configuration files are then read in the opposite order (i.e. from the
1387 root directory downwards). This allows to have, for example, a project
1388 specific configuration in F<~/project/.novaboot>.
1390 Note the difference between F<~/.config/novaboot> and F<~/.novaboot>.
1391 The former one is read always, whereas the latter only when novaboot
1392 script or working directory is under the C<$HOME> directory.
1394 In certain cases, the location of the novaboot script cannot be
1395 determined in this early phase. This happens either when the script is
1396 read from the standard input or when novaboot is invoked explicitly as
1397 in the example L</"4."> above. In this case the current working
1398 directory is used as a starting point for configuration file search
1399 instead of the novaboot script directory.
1403 =item -c, --config=I<filename>
1405 Use the specified configuration file instead of the default one(s).
1409 =head2 Command line processing phase
1415 Dump the current configuration to stdout end exit. Useful as an
1416 initial template for a configuration file.
1420 Print short (B<-h>) or long (B<--help>) help.
1422 =item -t, --target=I<target>
1424 This option serves as a user configurable shortcut for other novaboot
1425 options. The effect of this option is the same as specifying the
1426 options stored in the C<%targets> configuration variable under key
1427 I<target>. See also L</"CONFIGURATION FILES">.
1429 When this option is not given, novaboot tries to determine the target
1430 to use from either B<NOVABOOT_TARGET> environment variable or from
1431 B<$default_target> configuration file variable.
1435 =head2 Script preprocessing phase
1437 This phases allows to modify the parsed novaboot script before it is
1438 used in the later phases.
1442 =item -a, --append=I<parameters>
1444 Append a string to the first C<load> line in the novaboot script. This
1445 can be used to append parameters to the kernel's or root task's
1446 command line. This option can appear multiple times.
1450 Use L<bender|https://github.com/TUD-OS/morbo/blob/master/standalone/bender.c>
1451 chainloader. Bender scans the PCI bus for PCI serial ports and stores
1452 the information about them in the BIOS data area for use by the
1455 =item --chainloader=I<chainloader>
1457 Specifies a chainloader that is loaded before the kernel and other
1458 files specified in the novaboot script. E.g. 'bin/boot/bender
1463 Print the modules to boot and their parameters after this phase
1464 finishes. Then exit. This is useful for seeing the effect of other
1465 options in this section.
1467 =item -k, --kernel=F<file>
1469 Replace the first word on the first C<load> line in the novaboot
1470 script with F<file>.
1472 =item --scriptmod=I<perl expression>
1474 When novaboot script is read, I<perl expression> is executed for every
1475 line (in $_ variable). For example, C<novaboot
1476 --scriptmod=s/sigma0/omega6/g> replaces every occurrence of I<sigma0>
1477 in the script with I<omega6>.
1479 When this option is present, it overrides I<$script_modifier> variable
1480 from the configuration file, which has the same effect. If this option
1481 is given multiple times all expressions are evaluated in the command
1486 =head2 File generation phase
1488 In this phase, files needed for booting are generated in a so called
1489 I<build directory> (see L</--build-dir>). In most cases configuration
1490 for a bootloader is generated automatically by novaboot. It is also
1491 possible to generate other files using I<heredoc> or I<"<"> syntax in
1492 novaboot scripts. Finally, binaries can be generated in this phases by
1493 running C<scons> or C<make>.
1497 =item --build-dir=I<directory>
1499 Overrides the default build directory location.
1501 The default build directory location is determined as follows: If the
1502 configuration file defines the C<$builddir> variable, its value is
1503 used. Otherwise, it is the directory that contains the first processed
1506 See also L</BUILDDIR> variable.
1508 =item -g, --grub[=I<filename>]
1510 Generates grub bootloader menu file. If the I<filename> is not
1511 specified, F<menu.lst> is used. The I<filename> is relative to the
1512 build directory (see B<--build-dir>).
1514 =item --grub-preamble=I<prefix>
1516 Specifies the I<preable> that is at the beginning of the generated
1517 GRUB or GRUB2 config files. This is useful for specifying GRUB's
1520 =item --prefix=I<prefix>
1522 Specifies I<prefix> (e.g. F</srv/tftp>) that is put in front of every
1523 file name in generated bootloader configuration files (or in U-Boot
1526 If the I<prefix> contains string $NAME, it will be replaced with the
1527 name of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1529 If the I<prefix> contains string $BUILDDIR, it will be replaced with
1530 the build directory (see also B<--build-dir>).
1534 Alias for B<--prefix>.
1536 =item --grub2[=I<filename>]
1538 Generate GRUB2 menu entry in I<filename>. If I<filename> is not
1539 specified F<grub.cfg> is used. The content of the menu entry can be
1540 customized with B<--grub-preamble>, B<--grub2-prolog> or
1541 B<--grub_prefix> options.
1543 In order to use the the generated menu entry on your development
1544 machine that uses GRUB2, append the following snippet to
1545 F</etc/grub.d/40_custom> file and regenerate your grub configuration,
1546 i.e. run update-grub on Debian/Ubuntu.
1548 if [ -f /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg ]; then
1549 source /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg
1552 =item --grub2-prolog=I<prolog>
1554 Specifies text that is put at the beginning of the GRUB2 menu entry.
1556 =item -m, --make[=make command]
1558 Runs C<make> to build files that are not generated by novaboot itself.
1560 =item --name=I<string>
1562 Use the name I<string> instead of the name of the novaboot script.
1563 This name is used for things like a title of grub menu or for the
1564 server directory where the boot files are copied to.
1568 Do not run external commands to generate files (i.e. "<" syntax and
1569 C<run> keyword). This switch does not influence generation of files
1570 specified with "<<WORD" syntax.
1572 =item -p, --pulsar[=mac]
1574 Generates pulsar bootloader configuration file named F<config-I<mac>>
1575 The I<mac> string is typically a MAC address and defaults to
1578 =item --scons[=scons command]
1580 Runs C<scons> to build files that are not generated by novaboot
1585 Strip I<rom://> prefix from command lines and generated config files.
1586 The I<rom://> prefix is used by NUL. For NRE, it has to be stripped.
1590 Exit novaboot after file generation phase.
1594 =head2 Target connection check
1596 If supported by the target, the connection to it is made and it is
1597 checked whether the target is not occupied by another novaboot
1602 =item --amt=I<"[user[:password]@]host[:port]>
1604 Use Intel AMT technology to control the target machine. WS management
1605 is used to powercycle it and Serial-Over-Lan (SOL) for input/output.
1606 The hostname or (IP address) is given by the I<host> parameter. If
1607 I<password> is not specified, environment variable AMT_PASSWORD is
1608 used. The I<port> specifies a TCP port for SOL. If not specified, the
1609 default is 16992. Default I<user> is admin.
1611 =item --iprelay=I<addr[:port]>
1613 Use TCP/IP relay and serial port to access the target's serial port
1614 and powercycle it. The IP address of the relay is given by I<addr>
1615 parameter. If I<port> is not specified, it default to 23.
1617 Note: This option is supposed to work with HWG-ER02a IP relays.
1619 =item -s, --serial[=device]
1621 Target's serial line is connected to host's serial line (device). The
1622 default value for device is F</dev/ttyUSB0>.
1624 The value of this option is exported in NB_NOVABOOT environment
1625 variable to all subprocesses run by C<novaboot>.
1627 =item --stty=I<settings>
1629 Specifies settings passed to C<stty> invoked on the serial line
1630 specified with B<--serial> option. If this option is not given,
1631 C<stty> is called with C<raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200> settings.
1633 =item --remote-cmd=I<cmd>
1635 Command that mediates connection to the target's serial line. For
1636 example C<ssh server 'cu -l /dev/ttyS0'>.
1638 =item --remote-expect=I<string>
1640 Wait for reception of I<string> after establishing the remote
1643 =item --remote-expect-silent=I<string>
1645 The same as B<--remote-expect> except that the remote output is not
1646 echoed to stdout while waiting for the I<string>. Everything after the
1647 matched string is printed to stdout, so you may want to include line
1648 end characters in the I<string> as well.
1652 =head2 File deployment phase
1654 In some setups, it is necessary to copy the files needed for booting
1655 to a particular location, e.g. to a TFTP boot server or to the
1660 =item -d, --dhcp-tftp
1662 Turns your workstation into a DHCP and TFTP server so that the OS can
1663 be booted via PXE BIOS (or similar mechanism) on the test machine
1664 directly connected by a plain Ethernet cable to your workstation.
1666 The DHCP and TFTP servers requires root privileges and C<novaboot>
1667 uses C<sudo> command to obtain those. You can put the following to
1668 I</etc/sudoers> to allow running the necessary commands without asking
1671 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /bin/ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev eth0, /bin/ip l set dev eth0 up, /usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid, /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/touch dhcpd.leases, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1672 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1676 Starts a TFTP server on your workstation. This is similar to
1677 B<--dhcp-tftp> except that DHCP server is not started.
1679 The TFTP server require root privileges and C<novaboot> uses C<sudo>
1680 command to obtain those. You can put the following to I</etc/sudoers>
1681 to allow running the necessary commands without asking for password.
1683 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1684 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1686 =item --tftp-port=I<port>
1688 Port to run the TFTP server on. Implies B<--tftp>.
1690 =item --netif=I<network interface>
1692 Network interface used to deploy files to the target. Default value is
1693 I<eth0>. This influences the configuration of the DHCP server started
1694 by B<--dhcp-tftp> and the value that B<$NB_MYIP> get replaced with in
1695 U-Boot conversation.
1697 =item --iso[=filename]
1699 Generates the ISO image that boots NOVA system via GRUB. If no filename
1700 is given, the image is stored under I<NAME>.iso, where I<NAME> is the name
1701 of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1703 =item --server[=[[user@]server:]path]
1705 Copy all files needed for booting to another location. The files will
1706 be copied (by B<rsync> tool) to the directory I<path>. If the I<path>
1707 contains string $NAME, it will be replaced with the name of the
1708 novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1710 =item --rsync-flags=I<flags>
1712 Specifies which I<flags> are appended to F<rsync> command line when
1713 copying files as a result of I<--server> option.
1717 If B<--server> is used and its value ends with $NAME, then after
1718 copying the files, a new bootloader configuration file (e.g. menu.lst)
1719 is created at I<path-wo-name>, i.e. the path specified by B<--server>
1720 with $NAME part removed. The content of the file is created by
1721 concatenating all files of the same name from all subdirectories of
1722 I<path-wo-name> found on the "server".
1726 Use Intel AMT technology for IDE redirection. This allows the target
1727 machine to boot from novaboot created ISO image. Implies B<--iso>.
1729 The experimental C<amtider> utility needed by this option can be
1730 obtained from https://github.com/wentasah/amtterm.
1734 =head2 Target power-on and reset phase
1736 At this point, the target is reset (or switched on/off). There is
1737 several ways how this can be accomplished. Resetting a physical target
1738 can currently be accomplished by the following options: B<--amt>,
1739 B<--iprelay>, B<--reset-cmd> and B<--reset-send>.
1745 Switch on/off the target machine and exit. The script (if any) is
1746 completely ignored. Currently it works only with B<--iprelay> or
1749 =item -Q, --qemu[=I<qemu-binary>]
1751 Boot the configuration in qemu. Optionally, the name of qemu binary
1752 can be specified as a parameter.
1754 =item --qemu-append=I<flags>
1756 Append I<flags> to the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or
1757 C<-cpu coreduo -smp 2>).
1759 =item -q, --qemu-flags=I<flags>
1761 Replace the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or C<-cpu coreduo
1762 -smp 2>) with I<flags> specified here.
1764 =item --reset-cmd=I<cmd>
1766 Command that resets the target.
1768 =item --reset-send=I<string>
1770 Reset the target by sending the given I<string> to the remote serial
1771 line. "\n" sequences are replaced with newline character.
1773 =item --no-reset, --reset
1775 Disable/enable resetting of the target.
1779 =head2 Interaction with the bootloader on the target
1783 =item --uboot[=I<prompt>]
1785 Interact with U-Boot bootloader to boot the thing described in the
1786 novaboot script. I<prompt> specifies the U-Boot's prompt (default is
1787 "=> ", other common prompts are "U-Boot> " or "U-Boot# ").
1788 Implementation of this option is currently tied to a particular board
1789 that we use. It may be subject to changes in the future!
1793 Disable U-Boot interaction previously enabled with B<--uboot>.
1797 Command(s) to send the U-Boot bootloader before loading the images and
1798 booting them. This option can be given multiple times. After sending
1799 commands from each option novaboot waits for U-Boot I<prompt>.
1801 If the command contains string I<$NB_MYIP> then this string is
1802 replaced by IPv4 address of eth0 interface (see also B<--netif>).
1803 Similarly I<$NB_PREFIX> is replaced with prefix given by B<--prefix>.
1805 See also C<uboot> keyword in L</"NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX">).
1807 =item --uboot-addr I<name>=I<address>
1809 Load address of U-Boot's C<tftpboot> command for loading I<name>,
1810 where name is one of I<kernel>, I<ramdisk> or I<fdt> (flattened device
1813 The default addresses are ${I<name>_addr_r}, i.e. U-Boot environment
1814 variables used by convention for this purpose.
1816 =item --uboot-cmd=I<command>
1818 Specifies U-Boot command used to execute the OS. If the command
1819 contains strings C<$kernel_addr>, C<$ramdisk_addr>, C<$fdt_addr>,
1820 these are replaced with the addresses configured with B<--uboot-addr>.
1822 The default value is
1824 bootm $kernel_addr $ramdisk_addr $fdt_addr
1826 or the C<UBOOT_CMD> variable if defined in the novaboot script.
1830 =head2 Target interaction phase
1832 In this phase, target's serial output is redirected to stdout and if
1833 stdin is a TTY, it is redirected to the target's serial input allowing
1834 interactive work with the target.
1838 =item --exiton=I<string>
1840 When I<string> is sent by the target, novaboot exits. This option can
1841 be specified multiple times, in which case novaboot exits whenever
1842 either of the specified strings is sent.
1844 If I<string> is C<-re>, then the next B<--exiton>'s I<string> is
1845 treated as regular expression. For example:
1847 --exiton -re --exiton 'error:.*failed'
1849 =item --exiton-re=I<regex>
1851 The same as --exiton -re --exiton I<regex>.
1853 =item --exiton-timeout=I<seconds>
1855 By default B<--exiton> waits for the string match forever. When this
1856 option is specified, "exiton" timeouts after the specifies number of
1857 seconds and novaboot returns non-zero exit code.
1859 =item -i, --interactive
1861 Setup things for interactive use of target. Your terminal will be
1862 switched to raw mode. In raw mode, your system does not process input
1863 in any way (no echoing of entered characters, no interpretation
1864 special characters). This, among others, means that Ctrl-C is passed
1865 to the target and does no longer interrupt novaboot. Use "~~."
1866 sequence to exit novaboot.
1868 =item --no-interaction, --interaction
1870 Skip resp. force target interaction phase. When skipped, novaboot exits
1871 immediately when boot is initiated.
1873 =item --expect=I<string>
1875 When I<string> is received from the target, send the string specified
1876 with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1878 =item --expect-re=I<regex>
1880 When target's output matches regular expression I<regex>, send the
1881 string specified with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1883 =item --expect-raw=I<perl-code>
1885 Provides direct control over Perl's Expect module.
1887 =item --send=I<string>
1889 Send I<string> to the target after the previously specified
1890 B<--expect*> was matched in the target's output. The I<string> may
1891 contain escape sequences such as "\n".
1893 Note that I<string> is actually interpreted by Perl, so it can contain
1894 much more that escape sequences. This behavior may change in the
1897 Example: C<--expect='login: ' --send='root\n'>
1899 =item --sendcont=I<string>
1901 Similar to B<--send> but continue expecting more input.
1903 Example: C<--expect='Continue?' --sendcont='yes\n'>
1905 =item --final-eol, --no-final-eol
1907 By default, B<novaboot> always prints an end-of-line character at the
1908 end of its execution in order to ensure that the output of programs
1909 started after novaboot appears at the beginning of the line. When this
1910 is not desired B<--no-final-eol> option can be used to override this
1915 =head1 NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX
1917 The syntax tries to mimic POSIX shell syntax. The syntax is defined
1918 with the following rules.
1920 Lines starting with "#" and empty lines are ignored.
1922 Lines that end with "\" are concatenated with the following line after
1923 removal of the final "\" and leading whitespace of the following line.
1925 Lines of the form I<VARIABLE=...> (i.e. matching '^[A-Z_]+=' regular
1926 expression) assign values to internal variables. See L</VARIABLES>
1929 Otherwise, the first word on the line defines the meaning of the line.
1930 The following keywords are supported:
1936 These lines represent modules to boot. The
1937 word after C<load> is a file name (relative to the build directory
1938 (see B<--build-dir>) of the module to load and the remaining words are
1939 passed to it as the command line parameters.
1941 When the C<load> line ends with "<<WORD" then the subsequent lines
1942 until the line containing solely WORD are copied literally to the file
1943 named on that line. This is similar to shell's heredoc feature.
1945 When the C<load> line ends with "< CMD" then command CMD is executed
1946 with F</bin/sh> and its standard output is stored in the file named on
1947 that line. The SRCDIR variable in CMD's environment is set to the
1948 absolute path of the directory containing the interpreted novaboot
1953 These lines are similar to C<load> lines. The
1954 file mentioned there is copied to the same place as in case of C<load>
1955 (e.g. tftp server), but the file is not used in the bootloader
1956 configuration. Such a file can be used by the target for other
1957 purposed than booting, e.g. at OS runtime or for firmware update.
1961 Chainload another bootloader. Instead of loading multiboot modules
1962 identified with C<load> keyword, run another bootloader. This is
1963 currently supported only by pulsar and can be used to load e.g. Grub
1964 as in the example below:
1966 chld boot/grub/i386-pc/core.0
1971 Lines starting with C<run> keyword contain shell commands that are run
1972 during file generation phase. This is the same as the "< CMD" syntax
1973 for C<load> keyboard except that the command's output is not
1974 redirected to a file. The ordering of commands is the same as they
1975 appear in the novaboot script.
1979 These lines represent U-Boot commands that are sent to the target if
1980 B<--uboot> option is given. Having a U-Boot line in the novaboot
1981 script is the same as giving B<--uboot-init> option to novaboot. The
1982 following syntax variants are supported:
1985 uboot[:<timeout>] <string> [> <file>]
1986 uboot[:<timeout>] < <shell> [> <file>]
1988 C<string> is the literal U-Boot command.
1990 The C<uboot> keyword can be suffixed with timeout specification. The
1991 syntax is C<uboot:Ns>, where C<N> is the whole number of seconds. If
1992 the U-Boot command prompt does not appear before the timeout, novaboot
1993 fails. The default timeout is 10 seconds.
1995 In the second variant with the C<<> character the shell code is
1996 executed and its standard output is sent to U-Boot. Example:
1998 uboot < printf "mmc write \$loadaddr 1 %x" $(($(/usr/bin/stat -c%s rootfs.ext4) / 512))
2000 When C<E<gt> file> part is present, the output of the U-Boot command
2001 is written into the given file.
2007 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
2008 load bzImage console=ttyS0,115200
2009 run make -C buildroot
2010 load rootfs.cpio < gen_cpio buildroot/images/rootfs.cpio "myapp->/etc/init.d/S99myapp"
2012 Example (NOVA User Land - NUL):
2014 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
2015 WVDESC=Example program
2016 load bin/apps/sigma0.nul S0_DEFAULT script_start:1,1 \
2017 verbose hostkeyb:0,0x60,1,12,2
2018 load bin/apps/hello.nul
2019 load hello.nulconfig <<EOF
2020 sigma0::mem:16 name::/s0/log name::/s0/timer name::/s0/fs/rom ||
2021 rom://bin/apps/hello.nul
2024 This example will load three modules: F<sigma0.nul>, F<hello.nul> and
2025 F<hello.nulconfig>. sigma0 receives some command line parameters and
2026 F<hello.nulconfig> file is generated on the fly from the lines between
2027 C<<<EOF> and C<EOF>.
2029 Example (Zynq system update via U-Boot):
2031 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
2035 # Write kernel to FAT filesystem on the 1st SD card partition
2036 run mkimage -f uboot-image.its image.ub
2038 uboot:60s tftpboot ${loadaddr} $NB_PREFIX/image.ub
2039 uboot fatwrite mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} image.ub $filesize
2040 uboot set bootargs console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2
2042 # Write root FS image to the 2nd SD card partition
2043 copy rootfs/images/rootfs.ext4
2044 uboot:60s tftpboot ${loadaddr} $NB_PREFIX/rootfs/images/rootfs.ext4
2045 uboot mmc part > mmc-part.txt
2046 uboot < printf "mmc write \$loadaddr %x %x" $(awk '{ if ($1 == "2") { print $2 }}' mmc-part.txt) $(($(/usr/bin/stat -L --printf=%s rootfs/images/rootfs.ext4) / 512))
2053 The following variables are interpreted in the novaboot script:
2059 Novaboot chdir()s to this directory before file generation phase. The
2060 directory name specified here is relative to the build directory
2061 specified by other means (see L</--build-dir>).
2065 Assigning this variable has the same effect as specifying L</--exiton>
2068 =item HYPERVISOR_PARAMS
2070 Parameters passed to hypervisor. The default value is "serial", unless
2071 overridden in configuration file.
2075 The kernel to use instead of the hypervisor specified in the
2076 configuration file with the C<$hypervisor> variable. The value should
2077 contain the name of the kernel image as well as its command line
2078 parameters. If this variable is defined and non-empty, the variable
2079 HYPERVISOR_PARAMS is not used.
2083 If this variable is 1, the system is not booted. This is currently
2084 only implemented for U-Boot bootloader where it is useful for
2085 interacting with the bootloader without booting the system - e.g. for
2090 Use a specific qemu binary (can be overridden with B<-Q>) and flags
2091 when booting this script under qemu. If QEMU_FLAGS variable is also
2092 specified flags specified in QEMU variable are replaced by those in
2097 Use specific qemu flags (can be overridden with B<-q>).
2101 See L</--uboot-cmd>.
2105 Description of the WvTest-compliant program.
2107 =item WVTEST_TIMEOUT
2109 The timeout in seconds for WvTest harness. If no complete line appears
2110 in the test output within the time specified here, the test fails. It
2111 is necessary to specify this for long running tests that produce no
2112 intermediate output.
2116 =head1 CONFIGURATION FILES
2118 Novaboot can read its configuration from one or more files. By
2119 default, novaboot looks for files in F</etc/novaboot.d>, file
2120 F<~/.config/novaboot> and files named F<.novaboot> as described in
2121 L</Configuration reading phase>. Alternatively, configuration file
2122 location can be specified with the B<-c> switch or with the
2123 NOVABOOT_CONFIG environment variable. The configuration file has Perl
2124 syntax (i.e. it is better to put C<1;> as the last line) and should set
2125 values of certain Perl variables. The current configuration can be
2126 dumped with the B<--dump-config> switch. Some configuration variables
2127 can be overridden by environment variables (see below) or by command
2130 Supported configuration variables include:
2136 Build directory location relative to the location of the configuration
2139 =item $default_target
2141 Default target (see below) to use when no target is explicitly
2142 specified with the B<--target> command line option or
2143 B<NOVABOOT_TARGET> environment variable.
2147 Hash of target definitions to be used with the B<--target> option. The
2148 key is the identifier of the target, the value is the string with
2149 command line options. For instance, if the configuration file contains:
2151 $targets{'mybox'} = '--server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub',
2153 then the following two commands are equivalent:
2155 ./myos --server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub
2160 =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
2162 Some options can be specified not only via config file or command line
2163 but also through environment variables. Environment variables override
2164 the values from configuration file and command line parameters
2165 override the environment variables.
2169 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG
2171 Name of the novaboot configuration file to use instead of the default
2174 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR
2176 Name of the novaboot configuration directory. When not specified
2177 F</etc/novaboot.d> is used.
2179 =item NOVABOOT_TARGET
2181 Name of the novaboot target to use. This overrides the value of
2182 B<$default_target> from the configuration file and can be overriden
2183 with the B<--target> command line option.
2185 =item NOVABOOT_BENDER
2187 Defining this variable has the same effect as using B<--bender>
2194 Michal Sojka <sojka@os.inf.tu-dresden.de>
2196 Latest novaboot version can be found at
2197 L<https://github.com/wentasah/novaboot>.
2201 # LocalWords: novaboot Novaboot NOVABOOT TFTP PXE DHCP filename stty
2202 # LocalWords: chainloader stdout Qemu qemu preprocessing ISOLINUX bootable
2203 # LocalWords: config subprocesses sudo sudoers tftp dhcp IDE stdin
2204 # LocalWords: subdirectories TTY whitespace heredoc POSIX WvTest