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1 /*
2  * SVQ1 Encoder
3  * Copyright (C) 2004 Mike Melanson <melanson@pcisys.net>
4  *
5  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
6  *
7  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20  */
21
22 /**
23  * @file libavcodec/svq1enc.c
24  * Sorenson Vector Quantizer #1 (SVQ1) video codec.
25  * For more information of the SVQ1 algorithm, visit:
26  *   http://www.pcisys.net/~melanson/codecs/
27  */
28
29
30 #include "avcodec.h"
31 #include "dsputil.h"
32 #include "mpegvideo.h"
33
34 #include "svq1.h"
35 #include "svq1enc_cb.h"
36
37 #undef NDEBUG
38 #include <assert.h>
39
40
41 typedef struct SVQ1Context {
42     MpegEncContext m; // needed for motion estimation, should not be used for anything else, the idea is to make the motion estimation eventually independent of MpegEncContext, so this will be removed then (FIXME/XXX)
43     AVCodecContext *avctx;
44     DSPContext dsp;
45     AVFrame picture;
46     AVFrame current_picture;
47     AVFrame last_picture;
48     PutBitContext pb;
49     GetBitContext gb;
50
51     PutBitContext reorder_pb[6]; //why ooh why this sick breadth first order, everything is slower and more complex
52
53     int frame_width;
54     int frame_height;
55
56     /* Y plane block dimensions */
57     int y_block_width;
58     int y_block_height;
59
60     /* U & V plane (C planes) block dimensions */
61     int c_block_width;
62     int c_block_height;
63
64     uint16_t *mb_type;
65     uint32_t *dummy;
66     int16_t (*motion_val8[3])[2];
67     int16_t (*motion_val16[3])[2];
68
69     int64_t rd_total;
70
71     uint8_t *scratchbuf;
72 } SVQ1Context;
73
74 static void svq1_write_header(SVQ1Context *s, int frame_type)
75 {
76     int i;
77
78     /* frame code */
79     put_bits(&s->pb, 22, 0x20);
80
81     /* temporal reference (sure hope this is a "don't care") */
82     put_bits(&s->pb, 8, 0x00);
83
84     /* frame type */
85     put_bits(&s->pb, 2, frame_type - 1);
86
87     if (frame_type == FF_I_TYPE) {
88
89         /* no checksum since frame code is 0x20 */
90
91         /* no embedded string either */
92
93         /* output 5 unknown bits (2 + 2 + 1) */
94         put_bits(&s->pb, 5, 2); /* 2 needed by quicktime decoder */
95
96         for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
97         {
98             if ((ff_svq1_frame_size_table[i].width == s->frame_width) &&
99                 (ff_svq1_frame_size_table[i].height == s->frame_height))
100             {
101                 put_bits(&s->pb, 3, i);
102                 break;
103             }
104         }
105
106         if (i == 7)
107         {
108             put_bits(&s->pb, 3, 7);
109                 put_bits(&s->pb, 12, s->frame_width);
110                 put_bits(&s->pb, 12, s->frame_height);
111         }
112     }
113
114     /* no checksum or extra data (next 2 bits get 0) */
115     put_bits(&s->pb, 2, 0);
116 }
117
118
119 #define QUALITY_THRESHOLD 100
120 #define THRESHOLD_MULTIPLIER 0.6
121
122 #if HAVE_ALTIVEC
123 #undef vector
124 #endif
125
126 static int encode_block(SVQ1Context *s, uint8_t *src, uint8_t *ref, uint8_t *decoded, int stride, int level, int threshold, int lambda, int intra){
127     int count, y, x, i, j, split, best_mean, best_score, best_count;
128     int best_vector[6];
129     int block_sum[7]= {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
130     int w= 2<<((level+2)>>1);
131     int h= 2<<((level+1)>>1);
132     int size=w*h;
133     int16_t block[7][256];
134     const int8_t *codebook_sum, *codebook;
135     const uint16_t (*mean_vlc)[2];
136     const uint8_t (*multistage_vlc)[2];
137
138     best_score=0;
139     //FIXME optimize, this doenst need to be done multiple times
140     if(intra){
141         codebook_sum= svq1_intra_codebook_sum[level];
142         codebook= ff_svq1_intra_codebooks[level];
143         mean_vlc= ff_svq1_intra_mean_vlc;
144         multistage_vlc= ff_svq1_intra_multistage_vlc[level];
145         for(y=0; y<h; y++){
146             for(x=0; x<w; x++){
147                 int v= src[x + y*stride];
148                 block[0][x + w*y]= v;
149                 best_score += v*v;
150                 block_sum[0] += v;
151             }
152         }
153     }else{
154         codebook_sum= svq1_inter_codebook_sum[level];
155         codebook= ff_svq1_inter_codebooks[level];
156         mean_vlc= ff_svq1_inter_mean_vlc + 256;
157         multistage_vlc= ff_svq1_inter_multistage_vlc[level];
158         for(y=0; y<h; y++){
159             for(x=0; x<w; x++){
160                 int v= src[x + y*stride] - ref[x + y*stride];
161                 block[0][x + w*y]= v;
162                 best_score += v*v;
163                 block_sum[0] += v;
164             }
165         }
166     }
167
168     best_count=0;
169     best_score -= ((block_sum[0]*block_sum[0])>>(level+3));
170     best_mean= (block_sum[0] + (size>>1)) >> (level+3);
171
172     if(level<4){
173         for(count=1; count<7; count++){
174             int best_vector_score= INT_MAX;
175             int best_vector_sum=-999, best_vector_mean=-999;
176             const int stage= count-1;
177             const int8_t *vector;
178
179             for(i=0; i<16; i++){
180                 int sum= codebook_sum[stage*16 + i];
181                 int sqr, diff, score;
182
183                 vector = codebook + stage*size*16 + i*size;
184                 sqr = s->dsp.ssd_int8_vs_int16(vector, block[stage], size);
185                 diff= block_sum[stage] - sum;
186                 score= sqr - ((diff*(int64_t)diff)>>(level+3)); //FIXME 64bit slooow
187                 if(score < best_vector_score){
188                     int mean= (diff + (size>>1)) >> (level+3);
189                     assert(mean >-300 && mean<300);
190                     mean= av_clip(mean, intra?0:-256, 255);
191                     best_vector_score= score;
192                     best_vector[stage]= i;
193                     best_vector_sum= sum;
194                     best_vector_mean= mean;
195                 }
196             }
197             assert(best_vector_mean != -999);
198             vector= codebook + stage*size*16 + best_vector[stage]*size;
199             for(j=0; j<size; j++){
200                 block[stage+1][j] = block[stage][j] - vector[j];
201             }
202             block_sum[stage+1]= block_sum[stage] - best_vector_sum;
203             best_vector_score +=
204                 lambda*(+ 1 + 4*count
205                         + multistage_vlc[1+count][1]
206                         + mean_vlc[best_vector_mean][1]);
207
208             if(best_vector_score < best_score){
209                 best_score= best_vector_score;
210                 best_count= count;
211                 best_mean= best_vector_mean;
212             }
213         }
214     }
215
216     split=0;
217     if(best_score > threshold && level){
218         int score=0;
219         int offset= (level&1) ? stride*h/2 : w/2;
220         PutBitContext backup[6];
221
222         for(i=level-1; i>=0; i--){
223             backup[i]= s->reorder_pb[i];
224         }
225         score += encode_block(s, src         , ref         , decoded         , stride, level-1, threshold>>1, lambda, intra);
226         score += encode_block(s, src + offset, ref + offset, decoded + offset, stride, level-1, threshold>>1, lambda, intra);
227         score += lambda;
228
229         if(score < best_score){
230             best_score= score;
231             split=1;
232         }else{
233             for(i=level-1; i>=0; i--){
234                 s->reorder_pb[i]= backup[i];
235             }
236         }
237     }
238     if (level > 0)
239         put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level], 1, split);
240
241     if(!split){
242         assert((best_mean >= 0 && best_mean<256) || !intra);
243         assert(best_mean >= -256 && best_mean<256);
244         assert(best_count >=0 && best_count<7);
245         assert(level<4 || best_count==0);
246
247         /* output the encoding */
248         put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level],
249             multistage_vlc[1 + best_count][1],
250             multistage_vlc[1 + best_count][0]);
251         put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level], mean_vlc[best_mean][1],
252             mean_vlc[best_mean][0]);
253
254         for (i = 0; i < best_count; i++){
255             assert(best_vector[i]>=0 && best_vector[i]<16);
256             put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level], 4, best_vector[i]);
257         }
258
259         for(y=0; y<h; y++){
260             for(x=0; x<w; x++){
261                 decoded[x + y*stride]= src[x + y*stride] - block[best_count][x + w*y] + best_mean;
262             }
263         }
264     }
265
266     return best_score;
267 }
268
269
270 static int svq1_encode_plane(SVQ1Context *s, int plane, unsigned char *src_plane, unsigned char *ref_plane, unsigned char *decoded_plane,
271     int width, int height, int src_stride, int stride)
272 {
273     int x, y;
274     int i;
275     int block_width, block_height;
276     int level;
277     int threshold[6];
278     const int lambda= (s->picture.quality*s->picture.quality) >> (2*FF_LAMBDA_SHIFT);
279
280     /* figure out the acceptable level thresholds in advance */
281     threshold[5] = QUALITY_THRESHOLD;
282     for (level = 4; level >= 0; level--)
283         threshold[level] = threshold[level + 1] * THRESHOLD_MULTIPLIER;
284
285     block_width = (width + 15) / 16;
286     block_height = (height + 15) / 16;
287
288     if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_P_TYPE){
289         s->m.avctx= s->avctx;
290         s->m.current_picture_ptr= &s->m.current_picture;
291         s->m.last_picture_ptr   = &s->m.last_picture;
292         s->m.last_picture.data[0]= ref_plane;
293         s->m.linesize=
294         s->m.last_picture.linesize[0]=
295         s->m.new_picture.linesize[0]=
296         s->m.current_picture.linesize[0]= stride;
297         s->m.width= width;
298         s->m.height= height;
299         s->m.mb_width= block_width;
300         s->m.mb_height= block_height;
301         s->m.mb_stride= s->m.mb_width+1;
302         s->m.b8_stride= 2*s->m.mb_width+1;
303         s->m.f_code=1;
304         s->m.pict_type= s->picture.pict_type;
305         s->m.me_method= s->avctx->me_method;
306         s->m.me.scene_change_score=0;
307         s->m.flags= s->avctx->flags;
308 //        s->m.out_format = FMT_H263;
309 //        s->m.unrestricted_mv= 1;
310
311         s->m.lambda= s->picture.quality;
312         s->m.qscale= (s->m.lambda*139 + FF_LAMBDA_SCALE*64) >> (FF_LAMBDA_SHIFT + 7);
313         s->m.lambda2= (s->m.lambda*s->m.lambda + FF_LAMBDA_SCALE/2) >> FF_LAMBDA_SHIFT;
314
315         if(!s->motion_val8[plane]){
316             s->motion_val8 [plane]= av_mallocz((s->m.b8_stride*block_height*2 + 2)*2*sizeof(int16_t));
317             s->motion_val16[plane]= av_mallocz((s->m.mb_stride*(block_height + 2) + 1)*2*sizeof(int16_t));
318         }
319
320         s->m.mb_type= s->mb_type;
321
322         //dummies, to avoid segfaults
323         s->m.current_picture.mb_mean=   (uint8_t *)s->dummy;
324         s->m.current_picture.mb_var=    (uint16_t*)s->dummy;
325         s->m.current_picture.mc_mb_var= (uint16_t*)s->dummy;
326         s->m.current_picture.mb_type= s->dummy;
327
328         s->m.current_picture.motion_val[0]= s->motion_val8[plane] + 2;
329         s->m.p_mv_table= s->motion_val16[plane] + s->m.mb_stride + 1;
330         s->m.dsp= s->dsp; //move
331         ff_init_me(&s->m);
332
333         s->m.me.dia_size= s->avctx->dia_size;
334         s->m.first_slice_line=1;
335         for (y = 0; y < block_height; y++) {
336             uint8_t src[stride*16];
337
338             s->m.new_picture.data[0]= src - y*16*stride; //ugly
339             s->m.mb_y= y;
340
341             for(i=0; i<16 && i + 16*y<height; i++){
342                 memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src_plane[(i+16*y)*src_stride], width);
343                 for(x=width; x<16*block_width; x++)
344                     src[i*stride+x]= src[i*stride+x-1];
345             }
346             for(; i<16 && i + 16*y<16*block_height; i++)
347                 memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src[(i-1)*stride], 16*block_width);
348
349             for (x = 0; x < block_width; x++) {
350                 s->m.mb_x= x;
351                 ff_init_block_index(&s->m);
352                 ff_update_block_index(&s->m);
353
354                 ff_estimate_p_frame_motion(&s->m, x, y);
355             }
356             s->m.first_slice_line=0;
357         }
358
359         ff_fix_long_p_mvs(&s->m);
360         ff_fix_long_mvs(&s->m, NULL, 0, s->m.p_mv_table, s->m.f_code, CANDIDATE_MB_TYPE_INTER, 0);
361     }
362
363     s->m.first_slice_line=1;
364     for (y = 0; y < block_height; y++) {
365         uint8_t src[stride*16];
366
367         for(i=0; i<16 && i + 16*y<height; i++){
368             memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src_plane[(i+16*y)*src_stride], width);
369             for(x=width; x<16*block_width; x++)
370                 src[i*stride+x]= src[i*stride+x-1];
371         }
372         for(; i<16 && i + 16*y<16*block_height; i++)
373             memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src[(i-1)*stride], 16*block_width);
374
375         s->m.mb_y= y;
376         for (x = 0; x < block_width; x++) {
377             uint8_t reorder_buffer[3][6][7*32];
378             int count[3][6];
379             int offset = y * 16 * stride + x * 16;
380             uint8_t *decoded= decoded_plane + offset;
381             uint8_t *ref= ref_plane + offset;
382             int score[4]={0,0,0,0}, best;
383             uint8_t *temp = s->scratchbuf;
384
385             if(s->pb.buf_end - s->pb.buf - (put_bits_count(&s->pb)>>3) < 3000){ //FIXME check size
386                 av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "encoded frame too large\n");
387                 return -1;
388             }
389
390             s->m.mb_x= x;
391             ff_init_block_index(&s->m);
392             ff_update_block_index(&s->m);
393
394             if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_I_TYPE || (s->m.mb_type[x + y*s->m.mb_stride]&CANDIDATE_MB_TYPE_INTRA)){
395                 for(i=0; i<6; i++){
396                     init_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i], reorder_buffer[0][i], 7*32);
397                 }
398                 if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_P_TYPE){
399                     const uint8_t *vlc= ff_svq1_block_type_vlc[SVQ1_BLOCK_INTRA];
400                     put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[5], vlc[1], vlc[0]);
401                     score[0]= vlc[1]*lambda;
402                 }
403                 score[0]+= encode_block(s, src+16*x, NULL, temp, stride, 5, 64, lambda, 1);
404                 for(i=0; i<6; i++){
405                     count[0][i]= put_bits_count(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
406                     flush_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
407                 }
408             }else
409                 score[0]= INT_MAX;
410
411             best=0;
412
413             if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_P_TYPE){
414                 const uint8_t *vlc= ff_svq1_block_type_vlc[SVQ1_BLOCK_INTER];
415                 int mx, my, pred_x, pred_y, dxy;
416                 int16_t *motion_ptr;
417
418                 motion_ptr= h263_pred_motion(&s->m, 0, 0, &pred_x, &pred_y);
419                 if(s->m.mb_type[x + y*s->m.mb_stride]&CANDIDATE_MB_TYPE_INTER){
420                     for(i=0; i<6; i++)
421                         init_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i], reorder_buffer[1][i], 7*32);
422
423                     put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[5], vlc[1], vlc[0]);
424
425                     s->m.pb= s->reorder_pb[5];
426                     mx= motion_ptr[0];
427                     my= motion_ptr[1];
428                     assert(mx>=-32 && mx<=31);
429                     assert(my>=-32 && my<=31);
430                     assert(pred_x>=-32 && pred_x<=31);
431                     assert(pred_y>=-32 && pred_y<=31);
432                     ff_h263_encode_motion(&s->m, mx - pred_x, 1);
433                     ff_h263_encode_motion(&s->m, my - pred_y, 1);
434                     s->reorder_pb[5]= s->m.pb;
435                     score[1] += lambda*put_bits_count(&s->reorder_pb[5]);
436
437                     dxy= (mx&1) + 2*(my&1);
438
439                     s->dsp.put_pixels_tab[0][dxy](temp+16, ref + (mx>>1) + stride*(my>>1), stride, 16);
440
441                     score[1]+= encode_block(s, src+16*x, temp+16, decoded, stride, 5, 64, lambda, 0);
442                     best= score[1] <= score[0];
443
444                     vlc= ff_svq1_block_type_vlc[SVQ1_BLOCK_SKIP];
445                     score[2]= s->dsp.sse[0](NULL, src+16*x, ref, stride, 16);
446                     score[2]+= vlc[1]*lambda;
447                     if(score[2] < score[best] && mx==0 && my==0){
448                         best=2;
449                         s->dsp.put_pixels_tab[0][0](decoded, ref, stride, 16);
450                         for(i=0; i<6; i++){
451                             count[2][i]=0;
452                         }
453                         put_bits(&s->pb, vlc[1], vlc[0]);
454                     }
455                 }
456
457                 if(best==1){
458                     for(i=0; i<6; i++){
459                         count[1][i]= put_bits_count(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
460                         flush_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
461                     }
462                 }else{
463                     motion_ptr[0                 ] = motion_ptr[1                 ]=
464                     motion_ptr[2                 ] = motion_ptr[3                 ]=
465                     motion_ptr[0+2*s->m.b8_stride] = motion_ptr[1+2*s->m.b8_stride]=
466                     motion_ptr[2+2*s->m.b8_stride] = motion_ptr[3+2*s->m.b8_stride]=0;
467                 }
468             }
469
470             s->rd_total += score[best];
471
472             for(i=5; i>=0; i--){
473                 ff_copy_bits(&s->pb, reorder_buffer[best][i], count[best][i]);
474             }
475             if(best==0){
476                 s->dsp.put_pixels_tab[0][0](decoded, temp, stride, 16);
477             }
478         }
479         s->m.first_slice_line=0;
480     }
481     return 0;
482 }
483
484 static av_cold int svq1_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
485 {
486     SVQ1Context * const s = avctx->priv_data;
487
488     dsputil_init(&s->dsp, avctx);
489     avctx->coded_frame= (AVFrame*)&s->picture;
490
491     s->frame_width = avctx->width;
492     s->frame_height = avctx->height;
493
494     s->y_block_width = (s->frame_width + 15) / 16;
495     s->y_block_height = (s->frame_height + 15) / 16;
496
497     s->c_block_width = (s->frame_width / 4 + 15) / 16;
498     s->c_block_height = (s->frame_height / 4 + 15) / 16;
499
500     s->avctx= avctx;
501     s->m.avctx= avctx;
502     s->m.me.scratchpad= av_mallocz((avctx->width+64)*2*16*2*sizeof(uint8_t));
503     s->m.me.map       = av_mallocz(ME_MAP_SIZE*sizeof(uint32_t));
504     s->m.me.score_map = av_mallocz(ME_MAP_SIZE*sizeof(uint32_t));
505     s->mb_type        = av_mallocz((s->y_block_width+1)*s->y_block_height*sizeof(int16_t));
506     s->dummy          = av_mallocz((s->y_block_width+1)*s->y_block_height*sizeof(int32_t));
507     h263_encode_init(&s->m); //mv_penalty
508
509     return 0;
510 }
511
512 static int svq1_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned char *buf,
513     int buf_size, void *data)
514 {
515     SVQ1Context * const s = avctx->priv_data;
516     AVFrame *pict = data;
517     AVFrame * const p= (AVFrame*)&s->picture;
518     AVFrame temp;
519     int i;
520
521     if(avctx->pix_fmt != PIX_FMT_YUV410P){
522         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "unsupported pixel format\n");
523         return -1;
524     }
525
526     if(!s->current_picture.data[0]){
527         avctx->get_buffer(avctx, &s->current_picture);
528         avctx->get_buffer(avctx, &s->last_picture);
529         s->scratchbuf = av_malloc(s->current_picture.linesize[0] * 16);
530     }
531
532     temp= s->current_picture;
533     s->current_picture= s->last_picture;
534     s->last_picture= temp;
535
536     init_put_bits(&s->pb, buf, buf_size);
537
538     *p = *pict;
539     p->pict_type = avctx->gop_size && avctx->frame_number % avctx->gop_size ? FF_P_TYPE : FF_I_TYPE;
540     p->key_frame = p->pict_type == FF_I_TYPE;
541
542     svq1_write_header(s, p->pict_type);
543     for(i=0; i<3; i++){
544         if(svq1_encode_plane(s, i,
545             s->picture.data[i], s->last_picture.data[i], s->current_picture.data[i],
546             s->frame_width / (i?4:1), s->frame_height / (i?4:1),
547             s->picture.linesize[i], s->current_picture.linesize[i]) < 0)
548                 return -1;
549     }
550
551 //    align_put_bits(&s->pb);
552     while(put_bits_count(&s->pb) & 31)
553         put_bits(&s->pb, 1, 0);
554
555     flush_put_bits(&s->pb);
556
557     return put_bits_count(&s->pb) / 8;
558 }
559
560 static av_cold int svq1_encode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
561 {
562     SVQ1Context * const s = avctx->priv_data;
563     int i;
564
565     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "RD: %f\n", s->rd_total/(double)(avctx->width*avctx->height*avctx->frame_number));
566
567     av_freep(&s->m.me.scratchpad);
568     av_freep(&s->m.me.map);
569     av_freep(&s->m.me.score_map);
570     av_freep(&s->mb_type);
571     av_freep(&s->dummy);
572     av_freep(&s->scratchbuf);
573
574     for(i=0; i<3; i++){
575         av_freep(&s->motion_val8[i]);
576         av_freep(&s->motion_val16[i]);
577     }
578
579     return 0;
580 }
581
582
583 AVCodec svq1_encoder = {
584     "svq1",
585     CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO,
586     CODEC_ID_SVQ1,
587     sizeof(SVQ1Context),
588     svq1_encode_init,
589     svq1_encode_frame,
590     svq1_encode_end,
591     .pix_fmts= (enum PixelFormat[]){PIX_FMT_YUV410P, PIX_FMT_NONE},
592     .long_name= NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Sorenson Vector Quantizer 1"),
593 };