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1 /*
2  * SVQ1 Encoder
3  * Copyright (C) 2004 Mike Melanson <melanson@pcisys.net>
4  *
5  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
6  *
7  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20  */
21
22 /**
23  * @file svq1enc.c
24  * Sorenson Vector Quantizer #1 (SVQ1) video codec.
25  * For more information of the SVQ1 algorithm, visit:
26  *   http://www.pcisys.net/~melanson/codecs/
27  */
28
29
30 #include "avcodec.h"
31 #include "dsputil.h"
32 #include "mpegvideo.h"
33
34 #include "svq1.h"
35 #include "svq1enc_cb.h"
36
37 #undef NDEBUG
38 #include <assert.h>
39
40
41 typedef struct SVQ1Context {
42     MpegEncContext m; // needed for motion estimation, should not be used for anything else, the idea is to make the motion estimation eventually independent of MpegEncContext, so this will be removed then (FIXME/XXX)
43     AVCodecContext *avctx;
44     DSPContext dsp;
45     AVFrame picture;
46     AVFrame current_picture;
47     AVFrame last_picture;
48     PutBitContext pb;
49     GetBitContext gb;
50
51     PutBitContext reorder_pb[6]; //why ooh why this sick breadth first order, everything is slower and more complex
52
53     int frame_width;
54     int frame_height;
55
56     /* Y plane block dimensions */
57     int y_block_width;
58     int y_block_height;
59
60     /* U & V plane (C planes) block dimensions */
61     int c_block_width;
62     int c_block_height;
63
64     uint16_t *mb_type;
65     uint32_t *dummy;
66     int16_t (*motion_val8[3])[2];
67     int16_t (*motion_val16[3])[2];
68
69     int64_t rd_total;
70 } SVQ1Context;
71
72 static void svq1_write_header(SVQ1Context *s, int frame_type)
73 {
74     int i;
75
76     /* frame code */
77     put_bits(&s->pb, 22, 0x20);
78
79     /* temporal reference (sure hope this is a "don't care") */
80     put_bits(&s->pb, 8, 0x00);
81
82     /* frame type */
83     put_bits(&s->pb, 2, frame_type - 1);
84
85     if (frame_type == FF_I_TYPE) {
86
87         /* no checksum since frame code is 0x20 */
88
89         /* no embedded string either */
90
91         /* output 5 unknown bits (2 + 2 + 1) */
92         put_bits(&s->pb, 5, 2); /* 2 needed by quicktime decoder */
93
94         for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
95         {
96             if ((ff_svq1_frame_size_table[i].width == s->frame_width) &&
97                 (ff_svq1_frame_size_table[i].height == s->frame_height))
98             {
99                 put_bits(&s->pb, 3, i);
100                 break;
101             }
102         }
103
104         if (i == 7)
105         {
106             put_bits(&s->pb, 3, 7);
107                 put_bits(&s->pb, 12, s->frame_width);
108                 put_bits(&s->pb, 12, s->frame_height);
109         }
110     }
111
112     /* no checksum or extra data (next 2 bits get 0) */
113     put_bits(&s->pb, 2, 0);
114 }
115
116
117 #define QUALITY_THRESHOLD 100
118 #define THRESHOLD_MULTIPLIER 0.6
119
120 #if defined(HAVE_ALTIVEC)
121 #undef vector
122 #endif
123
124 static int encode_block(SVQ1Context *s, uint8_t *src, uint8_t *ref, uint8_t *decoded, int stride, int level, int threshold, int lambda, int intra){
125     int count, y, x, i, j, split, best_mean, best_score, best_count;
126     int best_vector[6];
127     int block_sum[7]= {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
128     int w= 2<<((level+2)>>1);
129     int h= 2<<((level+1)>>1);
130     int size=w*h;
131     int16_t block[7][256];
132     const int8_t *codebook_sum, *codebook;
133     const uint16_t (*mean_vlc)[2];
134     const uint8_t (*multistage_vlc)[2];
135
136     best_score=0;
137     //FIXME optimize, this doenst need to be done multiple times
138     if(intra){
139         codebook_sum= svq1_intra_codebook_sum[level];
140         codebook= ff_svq1_intra_codebooks[level];
141         mean_vlc= ff_svq1_intra_mean_vlc;
142         multistage_vlc= ff_svq1_intra_multistage_vlc[level];
143         for(y=0; y<h; y++){
144             for(x=0; x<w; x++){
145                 int v= src[x + y*stride];
146                 block[0][x + w*y]= v;
147                 best_score += v*v;
148                 block_sum[0] += v;
149             }
150         }
151     }else{
152         codebook_sum= svq1_inter_codebook_sum[level];
153         codebook= ff_svq1_inter_codebooks[level];
154         mean_vlc= ff_svq1_inter_mean_vlc + 256;
155         multistage_vlc= ff_svq1_inter_multistage_vlc[level];
156         for(y=0; y<h; y++){
157             for(x=0; x<w; x++){
158                 int v= src[x + y*stride] - ref[x + y*stride];
159                 block[0][x + w*y]= v;
160                 best_score += v*v;
161                 block_sum[0] += v;
162             }
163         }
164     }
165
166     best_count=0;
167     best_score -= ((block_sum[0]*block_sum[0])>>(level+3));
168     best_mean= (block_sum[0] + (size>>1)) >> (level+3);
169
170     if(level<4){
171         for(count=1; count<7; count++){
172             int best_vector_score= INT_MAX;
173             int best_vector_sum=-999, best_vector_mean=-999;
174             const int stage= count-1;
175             const int8_t *vector;
176
177             for(i=0; i<16; i++){
178                 int sum= codebook_sum[stage*16 + i];
179                 int sqr, diff, score;
180
181                 vector = codebook + stage*size*16 + i*size;
182                 sqr = s->dsp.ssd_int8_vs_int16(vector, block[stage], size);
183                 diff= block_sum[stage] - sum;
184                 score= sqr - ((diff*(int64_t)diff)>>(level+3)); //FIXME 64bit slooow
185                 if(score < best_vector_score){
186                     int mean= (diff + (size>>1)) >> (level+3);
187                     assert(mean >-300 && mean<300);
188                     mean= av_clip(mean, intra?0:-256, 255);
189                     best_vector_score= score;
190                     best_vector[stage]= i;
191                     best_vector_sum= sum;
192                     best_vector_mean= mean;
193                 }
194             }
195             assert(best_vector_mean != -999);
196             vector= codebook + stage*size*16 + best_vector[stage]*size;
197             for(j=0; j<size; j++){
198                 block[stage+1][j] = block[stage][j] - vector[j];
199             }
200             block_sum[stage+1]= block_sum[stage] - best_vector_sum;
201             best_vector_score +=
202                 lambda*(+ 1 + 4*count
203                         + multistage_vlc[1+count][1]
204                         + mean_vlc[best_vector_mean][1]);
205
206             if(best_vector_score < best_score){
207                 best_score= best_vector_score;
208                 best_count= count;
209                 best_mean= best_vector_mean;
210             }
211         }
212     }
213
214     split=0;
215     if(best_score > threshold && level){
216         int score=0;
217         int offset= (level&1) ? stride*h/2 : w/2;
218         PutBitContext backup[6];
219
220         for(i=level-1; i>=0; i--){
221             backup[i]= s->reorder_pb[i];
222         }
223         score += encode_block(s, src         , ref         , decoded         , stride, level-1, threshold>>1, lambda, intra);
224         score += encode_block(s, src + offset, ref + offset, decoded + offset, stride, level-1, threshold>>1, lambda, intra);
225         score += lambda;
226
227         if(score < best_score){
228             best_score= score;
229             split=1;
230         }else{
231             for(i=level-1; i>=0; i--){
232                 s->reorder_pb[i]= backup[i];
233             }
234         }
235     }
236     if (level > 0)
237         put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level], 1, split);
238
239     if(!split){
240         assert((best_mean >= 0 && best_mean<256) || !intra);
241         assert(best_mean >= -256 && best_mean<256);
242         assert(best_count >=0 && best_count<7);
243         assert(level<4 || best_count==0);
244
245         /* output the encoding */
246         put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level],
247             multistage_vlc[1 + best_count][1],
248             multistage_vlc[1 + best_count][0]);
249         put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level], mean_vlc[best_mean][1],
250             mean_vlc[best_mean][0]);
251
252         for (i = 0; i < best_count; i++){
253             assert(best_vector[i]>=0 && best_vector[i]<16);
254             put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[level], 4, best_vector[i]);
255         }
256
257         for(y=0; y<h; y++){
258             for(x=0; x<w; x++){
259                 decoded[x + y*stride]= src[x + y*stride] - block[best_count][x + w*y] + best_mean;
260             }
261         }
262     }
263
264     return best_score;
265 }
266
267
268 static int svq1_encode_plane(SVQ1Context *s, int plane, unsigned char *src_plane, unsigned char *ref_plane, unsigned char *decoded_plane,
269     int width, int height, int src_stride, int stride)
270 {
271     int x, y;
272     int i;
273     int block_width, block_height;
274     int level;
275     int threshold[6];
276     const int lambda= (s->picture.quality*s->picture.quality) >> (2*FF_LAMBDA_SHIFT);
277
278     /* figure out the acceptable level thresholds in advance */
279     threshold[5] = QUALITY_THRESHOLD;
280     for (level = 4; level >= 0; level--)
281         threshold[level] = threshold[level + 1] * THRESHOLD_MULTIPLIER;
282
283     block_width = (width + 15) / 16;
284     block_height = (height + 15) / 16;
285
286     if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_P_TYPE){
287         s->m.avctx= s->avctx;
288         s->m.current_picture_ptr= &s->m.current_picture;
289         s->m.last_picture_ptr   = &s->m.last_picture;
290         s->m.last_picture.data[0]= ref_plane;
291         s->m.linesize=
292         s->m.last_picture.linesize[0]=
293         s->m.new_picture.linesize[0]=
294         s->m.current_picture.linesize[0]= stride;
295         s->m.width= width;
296         s->m.height= height;
297         s->m.mb_width= block_width;
298         s->m.mb_height= block_height;
299         s->m.mb_stride= s->m.mb_width+1;
300         s->m.b8_stride= 2*s->m.mb_width+1;
301         s->m.f_code=1;
302         s->m.pict_type= s->picture.pict_type;
303         s->m.me_method= s->avctx->me_method;
304         s->m.me.scene_change_score=0;
305         s->m.flags= s->avctx->flags;
306 //        s->m.out_format = FMT_H263;
307 //        s->m.unrestricted_mv= 1;
308
309         s->m.lambda= s->picture.quality;
310         s->m.qscale= (s->m.lambda*139 + FF_LAMBDA_SCALE*64) >> (FF_LAMBDA_SHIFT + 7);
311         s->m.lambda2= (s->m.lambda*s->m.lambda + FF_LAMBDA_SCALE/2) >> FF_LAMBDA_SHIFT;
312
313         if(!s->motion_val8[plane]){
314             s->motion_val8 [plane]= av_mallocz((s->m.b8_stride*block_height*2 + 2)*2*sizeof(int16_t));
315             s->motion_val16[plane]= av_mallocz((s->m.mb_stride*(block_height + 2) + 1)*2*sizeof(int16_t));
316         }
317
318         s->m.mb_type= s->mb_type;
319
320         //dummies, to avoid segfaults
321         s->m.current_picture.mb_mean=   (uint8_t *)s->dummy;
322         s->m.current_picture.mb_var=    (uint16_t*)s->dummy;
323         s->m.current_picture.mc_mb_var= (uint16_t*)s->dummy;
324         s->m.current_picture.mb_type= s->dummy;
325
326         s->m.current_picture.motion_val[0]= s->motion_val8[plane] + 2;
327         s->m.p_mv_table= s->motion_val16[plane] + s->m.mb_stride + 1;
328         s->m.dsp= s->dsp; //move
329         ff_init_me(&s->m);
330
331         s->m.me.dia_size= s->avctx->dia_size;
332         s->m.first_slice_line=1;
333         for (y = 0; y < block_height; y++) {
334             uint8_t src[stride*16];
335
336             s->m.new_picture.data[0]= src - y*16*stride; //ugly
337             s->m.mb_y= y;
338
339             for(i=0; i<16 && i + 16*y<height; i++){
340                 memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src_plane[(i+16*y)*src_stride], width);
341                 for(x=width; x<16*block_width; x++)
342                     src[i*stride+x]= src[i*stride+x-1];
343             }
344             for(; i<16 && i + 16*y<16*block_height; i++)
345                 memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src[(i-1)*stride], 16*block_width);
346
347             for (x = 0; x < block_width; x++) {
348                 s->m.mb_x= x;
349                 ff_init_block_index(&s->m);
350                 ff_update_block_index(&s->m);
351
352                 ff_estimate_p_frame_motion(&s->m, x, y);
353             }
354             s->m.first_slice_line=0;
355         }
356
357         ff_fix_long_p_mvs(&s->m);
358         ff_fix_long_mvs(&s->m, NULL, 0, s->m.p_mv_table, s->m.f_code, CANDIDATE_MB_TYPE_INTER, 0);
359     }
360
361     s->m.first_slice_line=1;
362     for (y = 0; y < block_height; y++) {
363         uint8_t src[stride*16];
364
365         for(i=0; i<16 && i + 16*y<height; i++){
366             memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src_plane[(i+16*y)*src_stride], width);
367             for(x=width; x<16*block_width; x++)
368                 src[i*stride+x]= src[i*stride+x-1];
369         }
370         for(; i<16 && i + 16*y<16*block_height; i++)
371             memcpy(&src[i*stride], &src[(i-1)*stride], 16*block_width);
372
373         s->m.mb_y= y;
374         for (x = 0; x < block_width; x++) {
375             uint8_t reorder_buffer[3][6][7*32];
376             int count[3][6];
377             int offset = y * 16 * stride + x * 16;
378             uint8_t *decoded= decoded_plane + offset;
379             uint8_t *ref= ref_plane + offset;
380             int score[4]={0,0,0,0}, best;
381             uint8_t temp[16*stride];
382
383             if(s->pb.buf_end - s->pb.buf - (put_bits_count(&s->pb)>>3) < 3000){ //FIXME check size
384                 av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "encoded frame too large\n");
385                 return -1;
386             }
387
388             s->m.mb_x= x;
389             ff_init_block_index(&s->m);
390             ff_update_block_index(&s->m);
391
392             if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_I_TYPE || (s->m.mb_type[x + y*s->m.mb_stride]&CANDIDATE_MB_TYPE_INTRA)){
393                 for(i=0; i<6; i++){
394                     init_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i], reorder_buffer[0][i], 7*32);
395                 }
396                 if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_P_TYPE){
397                     const uint8_t *vlc= ff_svq1_block_type_vlc[SVQ1_BLOCK_INTRA];
398                     put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[5], vlc[1], vlc[0]);
399                     score[0]= vlc[1]*lambda;
400                 }
401                 score[0]+= encode_block(s, src+16*x, NULL, temp, stride, 5, 64, lambda, 1);
402                 for(i=0; i<6; i++){
403                     count[0][i]= put_bits_count(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
404                     flush_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
405                 }
406             }else
407                 score[0]= INT_MAX;
408
409             best=0;
410
411             if(s->picture.pict_type == FF_P_TYPE){
412                 const uint8_t *vlc= ff_svq1_block_type_vlc[SVQ1_BLOCK_INTER];
413                 int mx, my, pred_x, pred_y, dxy;
414                 int16_t *motion_ptr;
415
416                 motion_ptr= h263_pred_motion(&s->m, 0, 0, &pred_x, &pred_y);
417                 if(s->m.mb_type[x + y*s->m.mb_stride]&CANDIDATE_MB_TYPE_INTER){
418                     for(i=0; i<6; i++)
419                         init_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i], reorder_buffer[1][i], 7*32);
420
421                     put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[5], vlc[1], vlc[0]);
422
423                     s->m.pb= s->reorder_pb[5];
424                     mx= motion_ptr[0];
425                     my= motion_ptr[1];
426                     assert(mx>=-32 && mx<=31);
427                     assert(my>=-32 && my<=31);
428                     assert(pred_x>=-32 && pred_x<=31);
429                     assert(pred_y>=-32 && pred_y<=31);
430                     ff_h263_encode_motion(&s->m, mx - pred_x, 1);
431                     ff_h263_encode_motion(&s->m, my - pred_y, 1);
432                     s->reorder_pb[5]= s->m.pb;
433                     score[1] += lambda*put_bits_count(&s->reorder_pb[5]);
434
435                     dxy= (mx&1) + 2*(my&1);
436
437                     s->dsp.put_pixels_tab[0][dxy](temp+16, ref + (mx>>1) + stride*(my>>1), stride, 16);
438
439                     score[1]+= encode_block(s, src+16*x, temp+16, decoded, stride, 5, 64, lambda, 0);
440                     best= score[1] <= score[0];
441
442                     vlc= ff_svq1_block_type_vlc[SVQ1_BLOCK_SKIP];
443                     score[2]= s->dsp.sse[0](NULL, src+16*x, ref, stride, 16);
444                     score[2]+= vlc[1]*lambda;
445                     if(score[2] < score[best] && mx==0 && my==0){
446                         best=2;
447                         s->dsp.put_pixels_tab[0][0](decoded, ref, stride, 16);
448                         for(i=0; i<6; i++){
449                             count[2][i]=0;
450                         }
451                         put_bits(&s->pb, vlc[1], vlc[0]);
452                     }
453                 }
454
455                 if(best==1){
456                     for(i=0; i<6; i++){
457                         count[1][i]= put_bits_count(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
458                         flush_put_bits(&s->reorder_pb[i]);
459                     }
460                 }else{
461                     motion_ptr[0                 ] = motion_ptr[1                 ]=
462                     motion_ptr[2                 ] = motion_ptr[3                 ]=
463                     motion_ptr[0+2*s->m.b8_stride] = motion_ptr[1+2*s->m.b8_stride]=
464                     motion_ptr[2+2*s->m.b8_stride] = motion_ptr[3+2*s->m.b8_stride]=0;
465                 }
466             }
467
468             s->rd_total += score[best];
469
470             for(i=5; i>=0; i--){
471                 ff_copy_bits(&s->pb, reorder_buffer[best][i], count[best][i]);
472             }
473             if(best==0){
474                 s->dsp.put_pixels_tab[0][0](decoded, temp, stride, 16);
475             }
476         }
477         s->m.first_slice_line=0;
478     }
479     return 0;
480 }
481
482 static av_cold int svq1_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
483 {
484     SVQ1Context * const s = avctx->priv_data;
485
486     dsputil_init(&s->dsp, avctx);
487     avctx->coded_frame= (AVFrame*)&s->picture;
488
489     s->frame_width = avctx->width;
490     s->frame_height = avctx->height;
491
492     s->y_block_width = (s->frame_width + 15) / 16;
493     s->y_block_height = (s->frame_height + 15) / 16;
494
495     s->c_block_width = (s->frame_width / 4 + 15) / 16;
496     s->c_block_height = (s->frame_height / 4 + 15) / 16;
497
498     s->avctx= avctx;
499     s->m.avctx= avctx;
500     s->m.me.scratchpad= av_mallocz((avctx->width+64)*2*16*2*sizeof(uint8_t));
501     s->m.me.map       = av_mallocz(ME_MAP_SIZE*sizeof(uint32_t));
502     s->m.me.score_map = av_mallocz(ME_MAP_SIZE*sizeof(uint32_t));
503     s->mb_type        = av_mallocz((s->y_block_width+1)*s->y_block_height*sizeof(int16_t));
504     s->dummy          = av_mallocz((s->y_block_width+1)*s->y_block_height*sizeof(int32_t));
505     h263_encode_init(&s->m); //mv_penalty
506
507     return 0;
508 }
509
510 static int svq1_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned char *buf,
511     int buf_size, void *data)
512 {
513     SVQ1Context * const s = avctx->priv_data;
514     AVFrame *pict = data;
515     AVFrame * const p= (AVFrame*)&s->picture;
516     AVFrame temp;
517     int i;
518
519     if(avctx->pix_fmt != PIX_FMT_YUV410P){
520         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "unsupported pixel format\n");
521         return -1;
522     }
523
524     if(!s->current_picture.data[0]){
525         avctx->get_buffer(avctx, &s->current_picture);
526         avctx->get_buffer(avctx, &s->last_picture);
527     }
528
529     temp= s->current_picture;
530     s->current_picture= s->last_picture;
531     s->last_picture= temp;
532
533     init_put_bits(&s->pb, buf, buf_size);
534
535     *p = *pict;
536     p->pict_type = avctx->gop_size && avctx->frame_number % avctx->gop_size ? FF_P_TYPE : FF_I_TYPE;
537     p->key_frame = p->pict_type == FF_I_TYPE;
538
539     svq1_write_header(s, p->pict_type);
540     for(i=0; i<3; i++){
541         if(svq1_encode_plane(s, i,
542             s->picture.data[i], s->last_picture.data[i], s->current_picture.data[i],
543             s->frame_width / (i?4:1), s->frame_height / (i?4:1),
544             s->picture.linesize[i], s->current_picture.linesize[i]) < 0)
545                 return -1;
546     }
547
548 //    align_put_bits(&s->pb);
549     while(put_bits_count(&s->pb) & 31)
550         put_bits(&s->pb, 1, 0);
551
552     flush_put_bits(&s->pb);
553
554     return put_bits_count(&s->pb) / 8;
555 }
556
557 static av_cold int svq1_encode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
558 {
559     SVQ1Context * const s = avctx->priv_data;
560     int i;
561
562     av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "RD: %f\n", s->rd_total/(double)(avctx->width*avctx->height*avctx->frame_number));
563
564     av_freep(&s->m.me.scratchpad);
565     av_freep(&s->m.me.map);
566     av_freep(&s->m.me.score_map);
567     av_freep(&s->mb_type);
568     av_freep(&s->dummy);
569
570     for(i=0; i<3; i++){
571         av_freep(&s->motion_val8[i]);
572         av_freep(&s->motion_val16[i]);
573     }
574
575     return 0;
576 }
577
578
579 AVCodec svq1_encoder = {
580     "svq1",
581     CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO,
582     CODEC_ID_SVQ1,
583     sizeof(SVQ1Context),
584     svq1_encode_init,
585     svq1_encode_frame,
586     svq1_encode_end,
587     .pix_fmts= (enum PixelFormat[]){PIX_FMT_YUV410P, PIX_FMT_NONE},
588     .long_name= "Sorenson Vector Quantizer 1",
589 };