3 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
6 # (at your option) any later version.
8 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 # GNU General Public License for more details.
13 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18 use warnings (exists $ENV{NOVABOOT_TEST} ? (FATAL => 'all') : ());
19 use Getopt::Long qw(GetOptionsFromString GetOptionsFromArray);
24 use Time::HiRes("usleep");
28 use POSIX qw(:errno_h);
29 use Cwd qw(getcwd abs_path);
35 my $invocation_dir = $ENV{PWD} || getcwd();
37 ## Configuration file handling
39 # Default configuration
40 $CFG::hypervisor = "";
41 $CFG::hypervisor_params = "serial";
42 $CFG::genisoimage = "genisoimage";
43 $CFG::qemu = 'qemu-system-i386 -cpu coreduo -smp 2';
44 $CFG::default_target = 'qemu';
47 "tud" => '--server=erwin.inf.tu-dresden.de:~sojka/boot/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --grub --grub-prefix=(nd)/tftpboot/sojka/novaboot --grub-preamble="timeout 0" --concat --iprelay=141.76.48.80:2324 --scriptmod=s/\\\\bhostserial\\\\b/hostserialpci/g',
48 "novabox" => '--server=rtime.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --pulsar --iprelay=147.32.86.92:2324',
49 "localhost" => '--scriptmod=s/console=tty[A-Z0-9,]+// --server=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2 --grub-prefix=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2-prolog=" set root=\'(hd0,msdos1)\'"',
50 "ryuglab" => '--server=pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp --uboot --uboot-init="mw f0000b00 \${psc_cfg}; sleep 1" --uboot-addr kernel=800000 --uboot-addr ramdisk=b00000 --uboot-addr fdt=7f0000 --remote-cmd="ssh -tt pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz \"sterm -d -s 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0\""',
51 "ryulocal" => '--dhcp-tftp --serial --uboot --uboot-init="dhcp; mw f0000b00 \${psc_cfg}; sleep 1" --reset-cmd="if which dtrrts; then dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 0 1; sleep 0.1; dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 1 1; fi"',
53 chomp(my $nproc = `nproc`);
54 $CFG::scons = "scons -j$nproc";
55 $CFG::make = "make -j$nproc";
62 package CFG; # Put config data into a separate namespace
67 die("ERROR: Failure compiling '$cfg' - $@");
68 } elsif (! defined($rc)) {
69 die("ERROR: Failure reading '$cfg' - $!");
71 die("ERROR: Failure processing '$cfg'");
74 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($CFG::builddir, dirname($cfg)) if defined $CFG::builddir;
75 print STDERR "novaboot: Read $cfg\n";
80 # We don't use $0 here, because it points to the novaboot itself and
81 # not to the novaboot script. The problem with this approach is that
82 # when a script is run as "novaboot <options> <script>" then $ARGV[0]
83 # contains the first option. Hence the -f check.
84 my $dir = File::Spec->rel2abs($ARGV[0] && -f $ARGV[0] ? dirname($ARGV[0]) : '', $invocation_dir);
85 while ((-d $dir || -l $dir ) && $dir ne "/") {
86 push @cfgs, "$dir/.novaboot" if -r "$dir/.novaboot";
87 my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir($dir);
88 $dir = File::Spec->catdir(@dirs[0..$#dirs-1]);
90 @cfgs = reverse @cfgs;
91 $dir = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR'} || '/etc/novaboot.d';
92 if (opendir(my $dh, $dir)) {
93 my @etccfg = map { "$dir/$_" } grep { /^[-_a-zA-Z0-9]+$/ && -f "$dir/$_" } readdir($dh);
95 @etccfg = sort(@etccfg);
96 @cfgs = ( @etccfg, @cfgs );
99 my $cfg = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG'};
100 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
101 GetOptions ("config|c=s" => \$cfg);
102 read_config($_) foreach $cfg or @cfgs;
104 ## Command line handling
107 GetOptions ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target);
109 my ($amt, @append, $bender, @chainloaders, $concat, $config_name_opt, $dhcp_tftp, $dump_opt, $dump_config, @exiton, @expect_raw, $gen_only, $grub_config, $grub_prefix, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog, $grub2_config, $help, $ider, $iprelay, $iso_image, $interactive, $kernel_opt, $make, $man, $no_file_gen, $off_opt, $on_opt, $pulsar, $pulsar_root, $qemu, $qemu_append, $qemu_flags_cmd, $remote_cmd, $remote_expect, $reset_cmd, $rom_prefix, $rsync_flags, @scriptmod, $scons, $serial, $server, $stty, $tftp, $tftp_port, $uboot, %uboot_addr, @uboot_init);
112 $rom_prefix = 'rom://';
113 $stty = 'raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200';
115 my @expect_seen = ();
119 push(@expect_seen, '-re') if $n eq "expect-re";
120 push(@expect_seen, $v);
126 unless (@expect_seen) { die("No --expect before --send"); }
127 my $ret = ($n eq "sendcont") ? exp_continue : 0;
128 unshift(@expect_raw, sub { shift->send(eval("\"$v\"")); $ret; });
129 unshift(@expect_raw, @expect_seen);
136 "append|a=s" => \@append,
137 "bender|b" => \$bender,
138 "build-dir=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($v); },
139 "concat" => \$concat,
140 "chainloader=s" => \@chainloaders,
141 "dhcp-tftp|d" => \$dhcp_tftp,
142 "dump" => \$dump_opt,
143 "dump-config" => \$dump_config,
144 "exiton=s" => \@exiton,
145 "expect=s" => \&handle_expect,
146 "expect-re=s" => \&handle_expect,
147 "expect-raw=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; unshift(@expect_raw, eval($v)); },
148 "gen-only" => \$gen_only,
149 "grub|g:s" => \$grub_config,
150 "grub-preamble=s"=> \$grub_preamble,
151 "prefix|grub-prefix=s" => \$grub_prefix,
152 "grub2:s" => \$grub2_config,
153 "grub2-prolog=s" => \$grub2_prolog,
155 "iprelay=s" => \$iprelay,
156 "iso:s" => \$iso_image,
157 "kernel|k=s" => \$kernel_opt,
158 "interactive|i" => \$interactive,
159 "name=s" => \$config_name_opt,
160 "make|m:s" => \$make,
161 "no-file-gen" => \$no_file_gen,
164 "pulsar|p:s" => \$pulsar,
165 "pulsar-root=s" => \$pulsar_root,
166 "qemu|Q:s" => \$qemu,
167 "qemu-append=s" => \$qemu_append,
168 "qemu-flags|q=s" => \$qemu_flags_cmd,
169 "remote-cmd=s" => \$remote_cmd,
170 "remote-expect=s"=> \$remote_expect,
171 "reset-cmd=s" => \$reset_cmd,
172 "rsync-flags=s" => \$rsync_flags,
173 "scons:s" => \$scons,
174 "scriptmod=s" => \@scriptmod,
175 "send=s" => \&handle_send,
176 "sendcont=s" => \&handle_send,
177 "serial|s:s" => \$serial,
178 "server:s" => \$server,
179 "strip-rom" => sub { $rom_prefix = ''; },
182 "tftp-port=i" => \$tftp_port,
183 "uboot:s" => \$uboot,
184 "uboot-addr=s" => \%uboot_addr,
185 "uboot-init=s" => \@uboot_init,
190 # First process target options
192 my $t = defined($explicit_target) ? $explicit_target : $CFG::default_target;
194 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
196 exists $CFG::targets{$t} or die("Unknown target '$t' (valid targets are: ".join(", ", sort keys(%CFG::targets)).")");
198 undef $explicit_target;
199 my ($ret, $remaining_args) = GetOptionsFromString ($CFG::targets{$t}, ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target));
200 if (!$ret) { die "Error parsing target $t option"; }
201 push(@target_expanded, @$remaining_args);
202 $t = $explicit_target;
204 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case no_pass_through/);
205 GetOptionsFromArray(\@target_expanded, %opt_spec) or die ("Error in target definition");
208 # Then process other command line options - some of them may override
209 # what was specified by the target
210 GetOptions %opt_spec or die("Error in command line arguments");
211 pod2usage(1) if $help;
212 pod2usage(-exitstatus => 0, -verbose => 2) if $man;
214 ### Dump sanitized configuration (if requested)
218 $Data::Dumper::Indent=1;
219 print "# This file is in perl syntax.\n";
220 foreach my $key(sort(keys(%CFG::))) { # See "Symbol Tables" in perlmod(1)
221 if (defined ${$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([${$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
222 if ( @{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\@{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
223 if ( %{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\%{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
229 ### Sanitize configuration
231 if ($interactive && !-t STDIN) {
232 die("novaboot: Interactive mode not supported when not on terminal");
235 if (defined $config_name_opt && scalar(@ARGV) > 1) { die "You cannot use --name with multiple scripts"; }
238 $iso_image //= ''; # IDE-R needs an ISO image
239 if (!defined $amt) { die "Error: --ider requires --amt"; }
243 if (defined $serial) {
244 $serial ||= "/dev/ttyUSB0";
245 $ENV{NB_SERIAL} = $serial;
247 if (defined $grub_config) { $grub_config ||= "menu.lst"; }
248 if (defined $grub2_config) { $grub2_config ||= "grub.cfg"; }
250 ## Parse the novaboot script(s)
255 my ($modules, $variables, $generated, $continuation) = ([], {}, []);
256 my $skip_reading = defined($on_opt) || defined($off_opt);
257 while (!$skip_reading && ($_ = <>)) {
258 if ($ARGV ne $last_fn) { # New script
259 die "Missing EOF in $last_fn" if $file;
260 die "Unfinished line in $last_fn" if $continuation;
262 push @scripts, { 'filename' => $ARGV,
263 'modules' => $modules = [],
264 'variables' => $variables = {},
265 'generated' => $generated = []};
269 next if /^#/ || /^\s*$/; # Skip comments and empty lines
271 $_ =~ s/^[[:space:]]*// if ($continuation);
273 if (/\\$/) { # Line continuation
274 $continuation .= substr($_, 0, length($_)-1);
278 if ($continuation) { # Last continuation line
279 $_ = $continuation . $_;
283 foreach my $mod(@scriptmod) { eval $mod; }
285 if ($file && $_ eq $EOF) { # Heredoc end
289 if ($file) { # Heredoc content
290 push @{$file}, "$_\n";
293 if (/^([A-Z_]+)=(.*)$/) { # Internal variable
294 $$variables{$1} = $2;
295 push(@exiton, $2) if ($1 eq "EXITON");
298 if (s/^load *//) { # Load line
299 die("novaboot: '$last_fn' line $.: Missing file name\n") unless /^[^ <]+/;
300 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*<<([^ ]*)$/) { # Heredoc start
301 push @$modules, "$1$2";
303 push @$generated, {filename => $1, content => $file};
307 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*< ?(.*)$/) { # Command substitution
308 push @$modules, "$1$2";
309 push @$generated, {filename => $1, command => $3};
315 if (/^run (.*)/) { # run line
316 push @$generated, {command => $1};
320 die("novaboot: Cannot parse script '$last_fn' line $.. Didn't you forget 'load' keyword?\n");
323 # print Dumper(\@scripts);
325 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
326 $modules = $$script{modules};
327 @$modules[0] =~ s/^[^ ]*/$kernel_opt/ if $kernel_opt;
328 @$modules[0] .= ' ' . join(' ', @append) if @append;
331 if (exists $variables->{KERNEL}) {
332 $kernel = $variables->{KERNEL};
334 if ($CFG::hypervisor) {
335 $kernel = $CFG::hypervisor . " ";
336 if (exists $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS}) {
337 $kernel .= $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS};
339 $kernel .= $CFG::hypervisor_params;
343 @$modules = ($kernel, @$modules) if $kernel;
344 @$modules = (@chainloaders, @$modules);
345 @$modules = ("bin/boot/bender", @$modules) if ($bender || defined $ENV{'NOVABOOT_BENDER'});
349 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
350 print join("\n", @{$$script{modules}})."\n";
357 sub generate_configs($$$) {
358 my ($base, $generated, $filename) = @_;
359 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
360 foreach my $g(@$generated) {
361 if (exists $$g{content}) {
362 my $config = $$g{content};
363 my $fn = $$g{filename};
364 open(my $f, '>', $fn) || die("$fn: $!");
365 map { s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; print $f "$_"; } @{$config};
367 print "novaboot: Created $fn\n";
368 } elsif (exists $$g{command} && ! $no_file_gen) {
369 $ENV{SRCDIR} = dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( $filename, $invocation_dir ));
370 if (exists $$g{filename}) {
371 system_verbose("( $$g{command} ) > $$g{filename}");
373 system_verbose($$g{command});
379 sub generate_grub_config($$$$;$)
381 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble) = @_;
382 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
383 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
384 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
385 print $fg "title $title\n" if $title;
386 #print $fg "root $base\n"; # root doesn't really work for (nd)
388 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
391 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
392 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
393 print $fg "kernel ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
395 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
396 print $fg "module $base$_\n";
400 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
404 sub generate_syslinux_config($$$$)
406 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref) = @_;
407 if ($base && $base !~ /\/$/) { $base = "$base/"; };
408 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
409 print $fg "LABEL $title\n";
410 #TODO print $fg "MENU LABEL $human_readable_title\n";
412 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', @$modules_ref[0], 2);
414 if (system("file $kbin|grep 'Linux kernel'") == 0) {
415 my $initrd = @$modules_ref[1];
416 die('To many "load" lines for Linux kernel') if (scalar @$modules_ref > 2);
417 print $fg "LINUX $base$kbin\n";
418 print $fg "APPEND $kcmd\n";
419 print $fg "INITRD $base$initrd\n";
421 print $fg "KERNEL mboot.c32\n";
423 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
424 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
425 push @append, "$base$_";
426 print $fg "APPEND ".join(' --- ', @append)."\n";
429 #TODO print $fg "TEXT HELP\n";
430 #TODO print $fg "some help here\n";
431 #TODO print $fg "ENDTEXT\n";
433 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
437 sub generate_grub2_config($$$$;$$)
439 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble, $prolog) = @_;
440 if ($base && substr($base,-1,1) ne '/') { $base = "$base/"; };
441 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
442 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
443 $title ||= 'novaboot';
444 print $fg "menuentry $title {\n";
445 print $fg "$prolog\n" if $prolog;
447 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
450 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
451 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
452 print $fg " multiboot ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
455 # GRUB2 doesn't pass filename in multiboot info so we have to duplicate it here
456 $_ = join(' ', ($args[0], @args));
457 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g; # We do not need to translate path for GRUB2
458 print $fg " module $base$_\n";
463 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
467 sub generate_pulsar_config($$)
469 my ($filename, $modules_ref) = @_;
470 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
471 print $fg "root $pulsar_root\n" if defined $pulsar_root;
474 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
477 ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
478 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
481 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g;
482 print $fg "load $_\n";
485 # Put kernel as last - this is needed for booting Linux and has no influence on non-Linux OSes
486 print $fg "exec $kbin $kcmd\n";
488 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
492 sub shell_cmd_string(@)
494 return join(' ', map((/^[-_=a-zA-Z0-9\/\.\+]+$/ ? "$_" : "'$_'"), @_));
499 print "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string(@_)."\n";
501 exit(1); # should not be reached
504 sub system_verbose($)
507 print "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n";
508 my $ret = system($cmd);
509 if ($ret & 0x007f) { die("Command terminated by a signal"); }
510 if ($ret & 0xff00) {die("Command exit with non-zero exit code"); }
511 if ($ret) { die("Command failure $ret"); }
516 if (exists $variables->{WVDESC}) {
517 print "Testing \"$variables->{WVDESC}\" in $last_fn:\n";
518 } elsif ($last_fn =~ /\.wv$/) {
519 print "Testing \"all\" in $last_fn:\n";
522 ## Connect to the target and check whether it is not occupied
524 # We have to do this before file generation phase, because file
525 # generation is intermixed with file deployment phase and we want to
526 # check whether the target is not used by somebody else before
527 # deploying files. Otherwise, we may rewrite other user's files on a
530 my $exp; # Expect object to communicate with the target over serial line
532 my ($target_reset, $target_power_on, $target_power_off);
533 my ($amt_user, $amt_password, $amt_host, $amt_port);
535 if (defined $iprelay) {
537 $iprelay =~ /([.0-9]+)(:([0-9]+))?/;
540 my $paddr = sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton($addr));
541 my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');
542 socket($IPRELAY, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) || die "socket: $!";
543 print "novaboot: Connecting to IP relay... ";
544 connect($IPRELAY, $paddr) || die "connect: $!";
546 $exp = Expect->init(\*$IPRELAY);
550 print $exp "\xFF\xF6"; # AYT
551 my $connected = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
552 '<iprelayd: connected>',
553 '-re', '<WEB51 HW[^>]*>');
558 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
559 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
561 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0x5 : 0x6) | ($onoff ? 0x20 : 0x10);
562 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x32".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
566 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
567 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
568 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0xdf : 0xbf) | ($onoff ? 0x00 : 0xff);
569 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x97".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
573 my ($relay, $onoff, $can_giveup) = @_;
574 my $confirmation = '';
576 print $exp relaycmd($relay, $onoff);
577 my $confirmed = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
578 relayconf($relay, $onoff));
581 print("Relay confirmation timeout - ignoring\n");
583 die "Relay confirmation timeout";
589 $target_reset = sub {
590 relay(2, 1, 1); # Reset the machine
595 $target_power_off = sub {
596 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
597 usleep(6000000); # Long press to switch off
601 $target_power_on = sub {
602 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
603 usleep(100000); # Short press
609 system_verbose("stty -F $serial $stty");
610 open($CONN, "+<", $serial) || die "open $serial: $!";
611 $exp = Expect->init(\*$CONN);
613 elsif ($remote_cmd) {
614 print "novaboot: Running: $remote_cmd\n";
615 $exp = Expect->spawn($remote_cmd);
617 elsif (defined $amt) {
618 require LWP::UserAgent;
619 require LWP::Authen::Digest;
622 my ($host, $username, $password, $schema, $className, $pstate) = @_;
623 #AMT numbers for PowerStateChange (MNI => bluescreen on windows;-)
624 my %pstates = ("on" => 2,
631 <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:w="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wsman/1/wsman.xsd">
632 <s:Header><a:To>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:To>
633 <w:ResourceURI s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema</w:ResourceURI>
634 <a:ReplyTo><a:Address s:mustUnderstand="true">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</a:Address></a:ReplyTo>
635 <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema$className</a:Action>
636 <w:MaxEnvelopeSize s:mustUnderstand="true">153600</w:MaxEnvelopeSize>
637 <a:MessageID>uuid:709072C9-609C-4B43-B301-075004043C7C</a:MessageID>
638 <w:Locale xml:lang="en-US" s:mustUnderstand="false" />
639 <w:OperationTimeout>PT60.000S</w:OperationTimeout>
640 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">Intel(r) AMT Power Management Service</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
642 <p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT xmlns:p="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService">
643 <p:PowerState>$pstates{$pstate}</p:PowerState>
644 <p:ManagedElement><a:Address>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:Address>
645 <a:ReferenceParameters><w:ResourceURI>http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ComputerSystem</w:ResourceURI>
646 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">ManagedSystem</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
647 </a:ReferenceParameters></p:ManagedElement>
648 </p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT>
649 </s:Body></s:Envelope>
654 my ($host, $username, $password, $content) = @_;
656 my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
657 $ua->agent("novaboot");
659 my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
660 my $res = $ua->request($req);
661 die ("Unexpected AMT response: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->code == 401;
663 my ($realm) = $res->header("WWW-Authenticate") =~ /Digest realm="(.*?)"/;
664 $ua->credentials("$host:16992", $realm, $username => $password);
667 $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
668 $req->content_type('application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
669 $req->content($content);
670 $res = $ua->request($req);
671 die ("AMT power change request failed: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->is_success;
672 $res->content() =~ /<g:ReturnValue>(\d+)<\/g:ReturnValue>/;
677 my ($host, $username, $password, $pstate)=@_;
678 my $schema="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService";
679 my $className="/RequestPowerStateChange";
680 my $content = genXML($host, $username, $password ,$schema, $className, $pstate);
681 return sendPOST($host, $username, $password, $content);
684 ($amt_user,$amt_password,$amt_host,$amt_port) = ($amt =~ /(?:(.*?)(?::(.*))?@)?([^:]*)(?::([0-9]*))?/);;
685 $amt_user ||= "admin";
686 $amt_password ||= $ENV{'AMT_PASSWORD'} || die "AMT password not specified";
687 $amt_host || die "AMT host not specified";
691 $target_power_off = sub {
693 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "off");
694 die "AMT power off failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
697 $target_power_on = sub {
698 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "on");
699 die "AMT power on failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
702 $target_reset = sub {
703 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "reset");
705 print STDERR "Warning: Cannot reset $amt_host, trying power on. ";
706 $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "on");
708 die "AMT reset failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
711 my $cmd = "amtterm -u $amt_user -p $amt_password $amt_host $amt_port";
712 print "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
713 $exp = Expect->spawn($cmd);
714 $exp->expect(10, "RUN_SOL") || die "Expect for 'RUN_SOL' timed out";
719 if ($remote_expect) {
720 $exp->expect(10, $remote_expect) || die "Expect for '$remote_expect' timed out";
723 if (defined $reset_cmd) {
724 $target_reset = sub {
725 system_verbose($reset_cmd);
729 if (defined $on_opt && defined $target_power_on) {
733 if (defined $off_opt && defined $target_power_off) {
734 print "novaboot: Switching the target off...\n";
735 &$target_power_off();
739 $builddir ||= dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( ${$scripts[0]}{filename})) if scalar @scripts;
740 if (defined $builddir) {
741 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
742 print "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
744 $builddir = $invocation_dir;
747 ## File generation phase
748 my (%files_iso, $menu_iso, $filename);
749 my $config_name = '';
752 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
753 $filename = $$script{filename};
754 $modules = $$script{modules};
755 $generated = $$script{generated};
756 $variables = $$script{variables};
758 ($config_name = $filename) =~ s#.*/##;
759 $config_name = $config_name_opt if (defined $config_name_opt);
761 if (exists $variables->{BUILDDIR}) {
762 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($variables->{BUILDDIR});
763 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
764 print "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
768 $prefix = $grub_prefix;
769 $prefix =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
770 $prefix =~ s/\$BUILDDIR/$builddir/;
772 # TODO: use $grub_prefix as first parameter if some switch is given
773 generate_configs('', $generated, $filename);
775 ### Generate bootloader configuration files
776 my @bootloader_configs;
777 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub_config($grub_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble) if (defined $grub_config);
778 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub2_config($grub2_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog) if (defined $grub2_config);
779 push @bootloader_configs, generate_pulsar_config('config-'.($pulsar||'novaboot'), $modules) if (defined $pulsar);
781 ### Run scons or make
783 my @files = map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } @$modules);
784 # Filter-out generated files
785 my @to_build = grep({ my $file = $_; !scalar(grep($file eq ($$_{filename} || ''), @$generated)) } @files);
787 system_verbose($scons || $CFG::scons." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $scons);
788 system_verbose($make || $CFG::make ." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $make);
791 ### Copy files (using rsync)
792 if (defined $server && !defined($gen_only)) {
793 (my $real_server = $server) =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
795 my ($hostname, $path) = split(":", $real_server, 2);
796 if (! defined $path) {
800 my $files = join(" ", map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } ( @$modules, @bootloader_configs)));
801 map({ my $file = (split)[0]; die "$file: $!" if ! -f $file; } @$modules);
802 my $istty = -t STDOUT && ($ENV{'TERM'} || 'dumb') ne 'dumb';
803 my $progress = $istty ? "--progress" : "";
804 system_verbose("rsync $progress -RLp $rsync_flags $files $real_server");
805 if ($server =~ m|/\$NAME$| && $concat) {
806 my $cmd = join("; ", map { "( cd $path/.. && cat */$_ > $_ )" } @bootloader_configs);
807 system_verbose($hostname ? "ssh $hostname '$cmd'" : $cmd);
811 ### Prepare ISO image generation
812 if (defined $iso_image) {
813 generate_configs("(cd)", $generated, $filename);
815 generate_syslinux_config(\$menu, $config_name, "/", $modules);
816 $menu_iso .= "$menu\n";
817 map { ($file,undef) = split; $files_iso{$file} = 1; } @$modules;
821 ## Generate ISO image
822 if (defined $iso_image) {
823 system_verbose("mkdir -p isolinux");
826 if (-f '/usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin') {
827 # Newer ISOLINUX version
828 @files = qw(/usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/libcom32.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/menu.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/ldlinux.c32);
830 # Older ISOLINUX version
831 @files = qw(/usr/lib/syslinux/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/menu.c32);
833 system_verbose("cp @files isolinux");
834 open(my $fh, ">isolinux/isolinux.cfg");
836 print $fh "TIMEOUT 50\n";
837 print $fh "DEFAULT menu\n";
839 print $fh "DEFAULT $config_name\n";
841 print $fh "$menu_iso";
844 my $files = join(" ", map("$_=$_", (keys(%files_iso), 'isolinux/isolinux.cfg', map(s|.*/|isolinux/|r, @files))));
845 $iso_image ||= "$config_name.iso";
847 # Note: We use -U flag below to "Allow 'untranslated' filenames,
848 # completely violating the ISO9660 standards". Without this
849 # option, isolinux is not able to read files names for example
851 system_verbose("$CFG::genisoimage -R -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -hide-rr-moved -U -o $iso_image -graft-points $files");
852 print("ISO image created: $builddir/$iso_image\n");
855 exit(0) if defined $gen_only;
857 ## Boot the system using various methods and send serial output to stdout
859 if (scalar(@scripts) > 1 && ( defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $serial || defined $iprelay)) {
860 die "You cannot do this with multiple scripts simultaneously";
863 if ($variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}) {
864 print "wvtest: timeout ", $variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}, "\n";
869 $str =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
877 $qemu ||= $variables->{QEMU} || $CFG::qemu;
878 my @qemu_flags = split(" ", $qemu);
879 $qemu = shift(@qemu_flags);
881 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($variables->{QEMU_FLAGS})) if exists $variables->{QEMU_FLAGS};
882 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($qemu_flags_cmd)) if $qemu_flags_cmd;
883 push(@qemu_flags, split(/ +/, trim($qemu_append || '')));
885 if (defined $iso_image) {
886 # Boot NOVA with grub (and test the iso image)
887 push(@qemu_flags, ('-cdrom', $iso_image));
889 # Boot NOVA without GRUB
891 # Non-patched qemu doesn't like commas, but NUL can live with pluses instead of commans
892 foreach (@$modules) {s/,/+/g;}
893 generate_configs("", $generated, $filename);
895 if (scalar @$modules) {
896 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
897 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
899 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
900 my $initrd = join ",", @$modules;
902 push(@qemu_flags, ('-kernel', $kbin, '-append', $kcmd));
903 push(@qemu_flags, ('-initrd', $initrd)) if $initrd;
904 push(@qemu_flags, ('-dtb', $dtb)) if $dtb;
907 push(@qemu_flags, qw(-serial stdio)); # Redirect serial output (for collecting test restuls)
908 unshift(@qemu_flags, ('-name', $config_name));
909 print "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string($qemu, @qemu_flags)."\n";
910 $exp = Expect->spawn(($qemu, @qemu_flags)) || die("exec() failed: $!");
913 ### Local DHCPD and TFTPD
915 my ($dhcpd_pid, $tftpd_pid);
917 $tftp=1 if $tftp_port;
919 if (defined $dhcp_tftp)
921 generate_configs("(nd)", $generated, $filename);
922 system_verbose('mkdir -p tftpboot');
923 generate_grub_config("tftpboot/os-menu.lst", $config_name, "(nd)", \@$modules, "timeout 0");
924 open(my $fh, '>', 'dhcpd.conf');
925 my $mac = `cat /sys/class/net/eth0/address`;
927 print $fh "subnet 10.23.23.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
928 range 10.23.23.10 10.23.23.100;
929 filename \"bin/boot/grub/pxegrub.pxe\";
930 next-server 10.23.23.1;
933 hardware ethernet $mac;
934 fixed-address 10.23.23.1;
937 system_verbose("sudo ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev eth0;
938 sudo ip l set dev eth0 up;
939 sudo touch dhcpd.leases");
941 # We run servers by forking ourselves, because the servers end up
942 # in our process group and get killed by signals sent to the
943 # process group (e.g. Ctrl-C on terminal).
945 exec_verbose("sudo dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid") if ($dhcpd_pid == 0);
948 if (defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $tftp) {
950 # Unfortunately, tftpd requires root privileges even with
951 # non-privileged (>1023) port due to initgroups().
952 system_verbose("sudo in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid --address :$tftp_port $builddir");
954 # Kill server when we die
955 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid') if (defined $dhcp_tftp);
956 system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); };
958 # We have to kill tftpd explicitely, because it is not in our process group
959 $SIG{INT} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); exit(0); };
964 my $ider_cmd= "amtider -c $iso_image -u $amt_user -p $amt_password $amt_host $amt_port" ;
965 print "novaboot: Running: $ider_cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
966 my $ider_pid = fork();
967 if ($ider_pid == 0) {
969 die "IDE redirection failed";
971 # FIXME: This collides with --tftp option. Hopefully, nobody needs
972 # to use both simultaneously.
973 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('kill $ider_pid'); };
976 ### Reset target (IP relay, AMT, ...)
978 if (defined $target_reset) {
979 print "novaboot: Reseting the test box... ";
984 ### U-boot conversation
985 if (defined $uboot) {
986 my $uboot_prompt = $uboot || '=> ';
987 print "novaboot: Waiting for uBoot prompt...\n";
989 #$exp->exp_internal(1);
991 [qr/Hit any key to stop autoboot:/, sub { $exp->send("\n"); exp_continue; }],
992 $uboot_prompt) || die "No uBoot prompt deteceted";
993 foreach my $cmd (@uboot_init) {
994 if ($cmd =~ /\$NB_MYIP/) {
995 my $ip = (grep /inet /, `ip addr show eth0`)[0] || die "Problem determining our IP address";
996 $ip =~ s/\s*inet ([0-9.]*).*/$1/;
997 $cmd =~ s/\$NB_MYIP/$ip/g;
1000 $exp->send("$cmd\n");
1001 $exp->expect(10, $uboot_prompt) || die "uBoot prompt timeout";
1004 # Boot the system if there are some load lines in the script
1005 if (scalar(@$modules) > 0) {
1006 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
1008 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
1009 my $initrd = shift @$modules;
1011 my ($ramdisk_addr, $fdt_addr) = ('-', '');
1013 die "No '--uboot-addr kernel' given" unless $uboot_addr{kernel};
1014 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{kernel} $prefix$kbin\n");
1016 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1017 $uboot_prompt) || die "No U-Boot prompt deteceted";
1019 die "No '--uboot-addr fdt' given" unless $uboot_addr{fdt};
1020 $fdt_addr = $uboot_addr{fdt};
1021 $exp->send("tftpboot $fdt_addr $prefix$dtb\n");
1023 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1024 $uboot_prompt) || die "Device tree load failed";
1026 if (defined $initrd) {
1027 die "No '--uboot-addr ramdisk' given" unless $uboot_addr{ramdisk};
1028 $ramdisk_addr = $uboot_addr{ramdisk};
1029 $exp->send("tftpboot $ramdisk_addr $prefix$initrd\n");
1031 [qr/#/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1032 $uboot_prompt) || die "Initrd load failed";
1034 $exp->send("setenv bootargs $kcmd\n");
1035 $exp->expect(5, $uboot_prompt) || die "uBoot prompt timeout";
1036 $exp->send("bootm $uboot_addr{kernel} $ramdisk_addr $fdt_addr\n");
1037 $exp->expect(5, "\n") || die "uBoot command timeout";
1041 ### Serial line interaction
1043 # Serial line of the target is available
1044 my $interrupt = 'Ctrl-C';
1045 if ($interactive && !@exiton) {
1046 $interrupt = '"~~."';
1048 my $note = (-t STDIN) ? '' : '- only target->host ';
1049 print "novaboot: Serial line interaction $note(press $interrupt to interrupt)...\n";
1050 $exp->log_stdout(1);
1052 $exp->expect(undef, @expect_raw, @exiton);
1054 my @inputs = ($exp);
1055 if (-t STDIN) { # Set up bi-directional communication if we run on terminal
1056 my $infile = new IO::File;
1057 $infile->IO::File::fdopen(*STDIN,'r');
1058 my $in_object = Expect->exp_init($infile);
1059 $in_object->set_group($exp);
1062 $in_object->set_seq('~~\.', sub { print "novaboot: Escape sequence detected\r\n"; undef; });
1063 $in_object->manual_stty(0); # Use raw terminal mode
1065 $in_object->manual_stty(1); # Do not modify terminal settings
1067 push(@inputs, $in_object);
1070 #print Dumper(\@expect_raw);
1071 $exp->expect(undef, @expect_raw) if @expect_raw;
1072 Expect::interconnect(@inputs) unless defined($exp->exitstatus);
1076 ## Kill dhcpc or tftpd
1077 if (defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $tftp) {
1078 die("novaboot: This should kill servers on background\n");
1085 novaboot - A tool for booting various operating systems on various hardware or in qemu
1091 B<novaboot> [option]... [--] script...
1093 B<./script> [option]...
1097 This program makes booting of an operating system (e.g. NOVA or Linux)
1098 as simple as running a local program. It facilitates booting on local
1099 or remote hosts or in emulators such as qemu. Novaboot operation is
1100 controlled by command line options and by a so called novaboot script,
1101 which can be thought as a generalization of bootloader configuration
1102 files (see L</"NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX">). Based on this input,
1103 novaboot setups everything for the target host to boot the desired
1104 configuration, i.e. it generates the bootloader configuration file in
1105 the proper format, deploy the binaries and other needed files to
1106 required locations, perhaps on a remote boot server and reset the
1107 target host. Finally, target host's serial output is redirected to
1108 standard output if that is possible.
1110 Typical way of using novaboot is to make the novaboot script
1111 executable and set its first line to I<#!/usr/bin/env novaboot>. Then,
1112 booting a particular OS configuration becomes the same as executing a
1113 local program - the novaboot script.
1115 For example, with C<novaboot> you can:
1121 Run an OS in Qemu. This is the default action when no other action is
1122 specified by command line switches. Thus running C<novaboot ./script>
1123 (or C<./script> as described above) will run Qemu and make it boot the
1124 configuration specified in the F<script>.
1128 Create a bootloader configuration file (currently supported
1129 bootloaders are GRUB, GRUB2, Pulsar and U-Boot) and copy it with all
1130 other files needed for booting to a remote boot server.
1132 ./script --server=192.168.1.1:/tftp --iprelay=192.168.1.2
1134 This command copies files to the TFTP server and uses
1135 TCP/IP-controlled relay to reset the target host and receive its
1140 Run DHCP and TFTP server on developer's machine to PXE-boot the target
1143 ./script --dhcp-tftp
1145 When a PXE-bootable machine is connected via Ethernet to developer's
1146 machine, it will boot the configuration described in I<script>.
1150 Create bootable ISO images. E.g.
1152 novaboot --iso -- script1 script2
1154 The created ISO image will have GRUB bootloader installed on it and
1155 the boot menu will allow selecting between I<script1> and I<script2>
1160 Note that the options needed for a specific target can be stored in a
1161 L</"CONFIGURATION FILE">. Then it is sufficient to use only the B<-t>
1162 option to specify the name of the target.
1164 =head1 PHASES AND OPTIONS
1166 Novaboot performs its work in several phases. Each phase can be
1167 influenced by several options, certain phases can be skipped. The list
1168 of phases (in the execution order) and the corresponding options
1171 =head2 Configuration reading phase
1173 After starting, novaboot reads configuration files. Their content is
1174 described in L</"CONFIGURATION FILE">. By default, configuration is
1175 read from two locations. First from the configuration directory and
1176 second from F<.novaboot> files along the path to the current
1177 directory. The later read files override settings from the former
1180 Configuration directory is determined by the content of
1181 NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR environment variable defaulting to
1182 F</etc/novaboot.d>. Files in this directory with names consisting
1183 solely from English letters, numbers, dashes '-' and underscores '_'
1184 (note that dot '.' is not included) are read in alphabetical order.
1186 Then novaboot searches for files named F<.novaboot> starting
1187 from the directory of the novaboot script (or working directory, see
1188 bellow) and continuing upwards up to the root directory. The found
1189 configuration files are then read in order from the root directory
1192 In certain cases, the location of the novaboot script cannot be
1193 determined in this early phase. This happens either when the script is
1194 read from the standard input or when novaboot is invoked explicitly
1195 and options precede the script name, as in the example L</"4."> above.
1196 In this case the current working directory is used as a starting point
1197 for configuration file search instead of the novaboot script
1202 =item -c, --config=I<filename>
1204 Use the specified configuration file instead of the default one(s).
1208 =head2 Command line processing phase
1214 Dump the current configuration to stdout end exits. Useful as an
1215 initial template for a configuration file.
1219 Print short (B<-h>) or long (B<--help>) help.
1221 =item -t, --target=I<target>
1223 This option serves as a user configurable shortcut for other novaboot
1224 options. The effect of this option is the same as the options stored
1225 in the C<%targets> configuration variable under key I<target>. See
1226 also L</"CONFIGURATION FILE">.
1230 =head2 Script preprocessing phase
1232 This phases allows to modify the parsed novaboot script before it is
1233 used in the later phases.
1237 =item -a, --append=I<parameters>
1239 Append a string to the first C<load> line in the novaboot script. This
1240 can be used to append parameters to the kernel's or root task's
1241 command line. Can appear multiple times.
1245 Use F<bender> chainloader. Bender scans the PCI bus for PCI serial
1246 ports and stores the information about them in the BIOS data area for
1249 =item --chainloader=I<chainloader>
1251 Chainloader that is loaded before the kernel and other files specified
1252 in the novaboot script. E.g. 'bin/boot/bender promisc'.
1256 Print the modules to boot and their parameters after this phase
1257 finishes. Then exit. This is useful for seeing the effect of other
1258 options in this section.
1260 =item -k, --kernel=F<file>
1262 Replace the first word on the first C<load> line in the novaboot
1263 script with F<file>.
1265 =item --scriptmod=I<perl expression>
1267 When novaboot script is read, I<perl expression> is executed for every
1268 line (in $_ variable). For example, C<novaboot
1269 --scriptmod=s/sigma0/omega6/g> replaces every occurrence of I<sigma0>
1270 in the script with I<omega6>.
1272 When this option is present, it overrides I<$script_modifier> variable
1273 from the configuration file, which has the same effect. If this option
1274 is given multiple times all expressions are evaluated in the command
1279 =head2 File generation phase
1281 In this phase, files needed for booting are generated in a so called
1282 I<build directory> (see L</--build-dir>). In most cases configuration
1283 for a bootloader is generated automatically by novaboot. It is also
1284 possible to generate other files using I<heredoc> or I<"<"> syntax in
1285 novaboot scripts. Finally, binaries can be generated in this phases by
1286 running C<scons> or C<make>.
1290 =item --build-dir=I<directory>
1292 Overrides the default build directory location.
1294 The default build directory location is determined as follows: If the
1295 configuration file defines the C<$builddir> variable, its value is
1296 used. Otherwise, it is the directory that contains the first processed
1299 See also L</BUILDDIR> variable.
1301 =item -g, --grub[=I<filename>]
1303 Generates grub bootloader menu file. If the I<filename> is not
1304 specified, F<menu.lst> is used. The I<filename> is relative to the
1305 build directory (see B<--build-dir>).
1307 =item --grub-preamble=I<prefix>
1309 Specifies the I<preable> that is at the beginning of the generated
1310 GRUB or GRUB2 config files. This is useful for specifying GRUB's
1313 =item --prefix=I<prefix>
1315 Specifies I<prefix> (e.g. F</srv/tftp>) that is put in front of every
1316 file name in generated bootloader configuration files (or in U-Boot
1319 If the I<prefix> contains string $NAME, it will be replaced with the
1320 name of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1322 If the I<prefix> contains string $BUILDDIR, it will be replaced with
1323 the build directory (see also B<--build-dir>).
1327 Alias for B<--prefix>.
1329 =item --grub2[=I<filename>]
1331 Generate GRUB2 menuentry in I<filename>. If I<filename> is not
1332 specified F<grub.cfg> is used. The content of the menuentry can be
1333 customized with B<--grub-preable>, B<--grub2-prolog> or
1334 B<--grub_prefix> options.
1336 In order to use the the generated menuentry on your development
1337 machine that uses GRUB2, append the following snippet to
1338 F</etc/grub.d/40_custom> file and regenerate your grub configuration,
1339 i.e. run update-grub on Debian/Ubuntu.
1341 if [ -f /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg ]; then
1342 source /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg
1345 =item --grub2-prolog=I<prolog>
1347 Specifies text I<preable> that is put at the beginning of the entry
1350 =item -m, --make[=make command]
1352 Runs C<make> to build files that are not generated by novaboot itself.
1354 =item --name=I<string>
1356 Use the name I<string> instead of the name of the novaboot script.
1357 This name is used for things like a title of grub menu or for the
1358 server directory where the boot files are copied to.
1362 Do not run external commands to generate files (i.e. "<" syntax and
1363 C<run> keyword). This switch does not influence generation of files
1364 specified with "<<WORD" syntax.
1366 =item -p, --pulsar[=mac]
1368 Generates pulsar bootloader configuration file named F<config-I<mac>>
1369 The I<mac> string is typically a MAC address and defaults to
1372 =item --scons[=scons command]
1374 Runs C<scons> to build files that are not generated by novaboot
1379 Strip I<rom://> prefix from command lines and generated config files.
1380 The I<rom://> prefix is used by NUL. For NRE, it has to be stripped.
1384 Exit novaboot after file generation phase.
1388 =head2 Target connection check
1390 If supported by the target, the connection to it is made and it is
1391 checked whether the target is not occupied by another novaboot
1396 =item --amt=I<"[user[:password]@]host[:port]>
1398 Use Intel AMT technology to control the target machine. WS management
1399 is used to powercycle it and Serial-Over-Lan (SOL) for input/output.
1400 The hostname or (IP address) is given by the I<host> parameter. If
1401 I<password> is not specified, environment variable AMT_PASSWORD is
1402 used. The I<port> specifies a TCP port for SOL. If not specified, the
1403 default is 16992. Default I<user> is admin.
1407 Use Intel AMT technology for IDE redirection. This allows the target
1408 machine to boot from nonvaboot created ISO image.
1410 The experimental I<amtider> utility needed by this option can be
1411 obtained from https://github.com/wentasah/amtterm.
1413 =item --iprelay=I<addr[:port]>
1415 Use TCP/IP relay and serial port to access the target's serial port
1416 and powercycle it. The IP address of the relay is given by I<addr>
1417 parameter. If I<port> is not specified, it default to 23.
1419 Note: This option is supposed to work with HWG-ER02a IP relays.
1421 =item -s, --serial[=device]
1423 Target's serial line is connected to host's serial line (device). The
1424 default value for device is F</dev/ttyUSB0>.
1426 The value of this option is exported in NB_NOVABOOT environment
1427 variable to all subprocesses run by C<novaboot>.
1429 =item --stty=I<settings>
1431 Specifies settings passed to C<stty> invoked on the serial line
1432 specified with B<--serial> option. If this option is not given,
1433 C<stty> is called with C<raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200> settings.
1435 =item --remote-cmd=I<cmd>
1437 Command that mediates connection to the target's serial line. For
1438 example C<ssh server 'cu -l /dev/ttyS0'>.
1440 =item --remote-expect=I<string>
1442 Wait for reception of I<string> after establishing the the remote
1443 connection before continuing.
1448 =head2 File deployment phase
1450 In some setups, it is necessary to copy the files needed for booting
1451 to a particular location, e.g. to a TFTP boot server or to the
1456 =item -d, --dhcp-tftp
1458 Turns your workstation into a DHCP and TFTP server so that the OS can
1459 be booted via PXE BIOS (or similar mechanism) on the test machine
1460 directly connected by a plain Ethernet cable to your workstation.
1462 The DHCP and TFTP servers requires root privileges and C<novaboot>
1463 uses C<sudo> command to obtain those. You can put the following to
1464 I</etc/sudoers> to allow running the necessary commands without asking
1467 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /bin/ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev eth0, /bin/ip l set dev eth0 up, /usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid, /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/touch dhcpd.leases, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1468 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1472 Starts a TFTP server on your workstation. This is similar to
1473 B<--dhcp-tftp> except that DHCP server is not started.
1475 The TFTP server require root privileges and C<novaboot> uses C<sudo>
1476 command to obtain those. You can put the following to I</etc/sudoers>
1477 to allow running the necessary commands without asking for password.
1479 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1480 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1482 =item --tftp-port=I<port>
1484 Port to run the TFTP server on. Implies B<--tftp>.
1486 =item --iso[=filename]
1488 Generates the ISO image that boots NOVA system via GRUB. If no filename
1489 is given, the image is stored under I<NAME>.iso, where I<NAME> is the name
1490 of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1492 =item --server[=[[user@]server:]path]
1494 Copy all files needed for booting to another location (implies B<-g>
1495 unless B<--grub2> is given). The files will be copied (by B<rsync>
1496 tool) to the directory I<path>. If the I<path> contains string $NAME,
1497 it will be replaced with the name of the novaboot script (see also
1502 If B<--server> is used and its value ends with $NAME, then after
1503 copying the files, a new bootloader configuration file (e.g. menu.lst)
1504 is created at I<path-wo-name>, i.e. the path specified by B<--server>
1505 with $NAME part removed. The content of the file is created by
1506 concatenating all files of the same name from all subdirectories of
1507 I<path-wo-name> found on the "server".
1509 =item --rsync-flags=I<flags>
1511 Specifies which I<flags> are appended to F<rsync> command line when
1512 copying files as a result of I<--server> option.
1516 =head2 Target power-on and reset phase
1522 Switch on/off the target machine and exit. The script (if any) is
1523 completely ignored. Currently it works only with B<--iprelay> or
1526 =item -Q, --qemu[=I<qemu-binary>]
1528 Boot the configuration in qemu. Optionally, the name of qemu binary
1529 can be specified as a parameter.
1531 =item --qemu-append=I<flags>
1533 Append I<flags> to the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or
1534 C<-cpu coreduo -smp 2>).
1536 =item -q, --qemu-flags=I<flags>
1538 Replace the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or C<-cpu coreduo
1539 -smp 2>) with I<flags> specified here.
1541 =item --reset-cmd=I<cmd>
1543 Command that resets the target.
1547 =head2 Interaction with the bootloader on the target
1551 =item --uboot[=I<prompt>]
1553 Interact with uBoot bootloader to boot the thing described in the
1554 novaboot script. I<prompt> specifies the U-Boot's prompt (default is
1555 "=> ", other common prompts are "U-Boot> " or "U-Boot# ").
1556 Implementation of this option is currently tied to a particular board
1557 that we use. It may be subject to changes in the future!
1561 Command(s) to send the U-Boot bootloader before loading the images and
1562 booting them. This option can be given multiple times. After sending
1563 commands from each option novaboot waits for U-Boot I<prompt>.
1565 If the command contains string I<$NB_MYIP> then this string is
1566 replaced by IPv4 address of eth0 interface.
1568 =item --uboot-addr I<name>=I<address>
1570 Load address of U-Boot's C<tftpboot> command for loading I<name>,
1571 where name is one of I<kernel>, I<ramdisk> or I<fdt> (flattened device
1576 =head2 Target interaction phase
1578 In this phase, target's serial output is redirected to stdout and if
1579 stdin is a TTY, it is redirected to the target's serial input allowing
1580 interactive work with the target.
1584 =item --exiton=I<string>
1586 When I<string> is sent by the target, novaboot exits. This option can
1587 be specified multiple times.
1589 If I<string> is C<-re>, then the next B<--exiton>'s I<string> is
1590 treated as regular expression. For example:
1592 --exiton -re --exiton 'error:.*failed'
1594 =item -i, --interactive
1596 Setup things for interactive use of target. Your terminal will be
1597 switched to raw mode. In raw mode, your system does not process input
1598 in any way (no echoing of entered characters, no interpretation
1599 special characters). This, among others, means that Ctrl-C is passed
1600 to the target and does no longer interrupt novaboot. Use "~~."
1601 sequence to exit novaboot.
1603 =item --expect=I<string>
1605 When I<string> is received from the target, send the string specified
1606 with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1608 =item --expect-re=I<regex>
1610 When target's output matches regular expression I<regex>, send the
1611 string specified with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1613 =item --expect-raw=I<perl-code>
1615 Provides direct control over Perl's Expect module.
1617 =item --send=I<string>
1619 Send I<string> to the target after the previously specified
1620 B<--expect*> was matched in the target's output. The I<string> may
1621 contain escape sequences such as "\n".
1623 Note that I<string> is actually interpreted by Perl, so it can contain
1624 much more that escape sequences. This behavior may change in the
1627 Example: C<--expect='login: ' --send='root\n'>
1629 =item --sendcont=I<string>
1631 Similar to B<--send> but continue expecting more input.
1633 Example: C<--expect='Continue?' --sendcont='yes\n'>
1637 =head1 NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX
1639 The syntax tries to mimic POSIX shell syntax. The syntax is defined
1640 with the following rules.
1642 Lines starting with "#" and empty lines are ignored.
1644 Lines that end with "\" are concatenated with the following line after
1645 removal of the final "\" and leading whitespace of the following line.
1647 Lines of the form I<VARIABLE=...> (i.e. matching '^[A-Z_]+=' regular
1648 expression) assign values to internal variables. See L</VARIABLES>
1651 Lines starting with C<load> keyword represent modules to boot. The
1652 word after C<load> is a file name (relative to the build directory
1653 (see B<--build-dir>) of the module to load and the remaining words are
1654 passed to it as the command line parameters.
1656 When the C<load> line ends with "<<WORD" then the subsequent lines
1657 until the line containing solely WORD are copied literally to the file
1658 named on that line. This is similar to shell's heredoc feature.
1660 When the C<load> line ends with "< CMD" then command CMD is executed
1661 with F</bin/sh> and its standard output is stored in the file named on
1662 that line. The SRCDIR variable in CMD's environment is set to the
1663 absolute path of the directory containing the interpreted novaboot
1666 Lines starting with C<run> keyword contain shell commands that are run
1667 during file generation phase. This is the same as the "< CMD" syntax
1668 for C<load> keyboard except that the command's output is not
1669 redirected to a file. The ordering of commands is the same as they
1670 appear in the novaboot script.
1674 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
1675 load bzImage console=ttyS0,115200
1676 run make -C buildroot
1677 load rootfs.cpio < gen_cpio buildroot/images/rootfs.cpio "myapp->/etc/init.d/S99myapp"
1679 Example (NOVA User Land - NUL):
1681 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
1682 WVDESC=Example program
1683 load bin/apps/sigma0.nul S0_DEFAULT script_start:1,1 \
1684 verbose hostkeyb:0,0x60,1,12,2
1685 load bin/apps/hello.nul
1686 load hello.nulconfig <<EOF
1687 sigma0::mem:16 name::/s0/log name::/s0/timer name::/s0/fs/rom ||
1688 rom://bin/apps/hello.nul
1691 This example will load three modules: F<sigma0.nul>, F<hello.nul> and
1692 F<hello.nulconfig>. sigma0 receives some command line parameters and
1693 F<hello.nulconfig> file is generated on the fly from the lines between
1694 C<<<EOF> and C<EOF>.
1698 The following variables are interpreted in the novaboot script:
1704 Novaboot chdir()s to this directory before file generation phase. The
1705 directory name specified here is relative to the build directory
1706 specified by other means (see L</--build-dir>).
1710 Assigning this variable has the same effect as specifying L</--exiton>
1713 =item HYPERVISOR_PARAMS
1715 Parameters passed to hypervisor. The default value is "serial", unless
1716 overridden in configuration file.
1720 The kernel to use instead of the hypervisor specified in the
1721 configuration file with the C<$hypervisor> variable. The value should
1722 contain the name of the kernel image as well as its command line
1723 parameters. If this variable is defined and non-empty, the variable
1724 HYPERVISOR_PARAMS is not used.
1728 Use a specific qemu binary (can be overridden with B<-Q>) and flags
1729 when booting this script under qemu. If QEMU_FLAGS variable is also
1730 specified flags specified in QEMU variable are replaced by those in
1735 Use specific qemu flags (can be overridden with B<-q>).
1739 Description of the wvtest-compliant program.
1741 =item WVTEST_TIMEOUT
1743 The timeout in seconds for WvTest harness. If no complete line appears
1744 in the test output within the time specified here, the test fails. It
1745 is necessary to specify this for long running tests that produce no
1746 intermediate output.
1750 =head1 CONFIGURATION FILE
1752 Novaboot can read its configuration from one or more files. By
1753 default, novaboot looks for files named F<.novaboot> as described in
1754 L</Configuration reading phase>. Alternatively, configuration file
1755 location can be specified with the B<-c> switch or with the
1756 NOVABOOT_CONFIG environment variable. The configuration file has perl
1757 syntax and should set values of certain Perl variables. The current
1758 configuration can be dumped with the B<--dump-config> switch. Some
1759 configuration variables can be overridden by environment variables
1760 (see below) or by command line switches.
1762 Supported configuration variables include:
1768 Build directory location relative to the location of the configuration
1771 =item $default_target
1773 Default target (see below) to use when no target is explicitly
1774 specified on command line with the B<--target> option.
1778 Hash of target definitions to be used with the B<--target> option. The
1779 key is the identifier of the target, the value is the string with
1780 command line options. For instance, if the configuration file contains:
1782 $targets{'mybox'} = '--server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub',
1784 then the following two commands are equivalent:
1786 ./script --server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub
1791 =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1793 Some options can be specified not only via config file or command line
1794 but also through environment variables. Environment variables override
1795 the values from configuration file and command line parameters
1796 override the environment variables.
1800 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG
1802 Name of the novaboot configuration file to use instead of the default
1805 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR
1807 Name of the novaboot configuration directory. When not specified
1808 F</etc/novaboot.d> is used.
1810 =item NOVABOOT_BENDER
1812 Defining this variable has the same meaning as B<--bender> option.
1818 Michal Sojka <sojka@os.inf.tu-dresden.de>