3 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
4 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
5 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
6 # (at your option) any later version.
8 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 # GNU General Public License for more details.
13 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
14 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 use warnings (exists $ENV{NOVABOOT_TEST} ? (FATAL => 'all') : ());
21 use Getopt::Long qw(GetOptionsFromString GetOptionsFromArray);
26 use Time::HiRes("usleep");
30 use POSIX qw(:errno_h sysconf);
31 use Cwd qw(getcwd abs_path);
37 my $invocation_dir = $ENV{PWD} || getcwd();
39 ## Configuration file handling
41 # Default configuration
42 $CFG::hypervisor = "";
43 $CFG::hypervisor_params = "serial";
44 $CFG::genisoimage = "genisoimage";
45 $CFG::qemu = 'qemu-system-i386 -cpu coreduo -smp 2';
46 $CFG::default_target = '';
49 "tud" => '--server=erwin.inf.tu-dresden.de:~sojka/boot/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --grub --grub-prefix=(nd)/tftpboot/sojka/novaboot --grub-preamble="timeout 0" --concat --iprelay=141.76.48.80:2324 --scriptmod=s/\\\\bhostserial\\\\b/hostserialpci/g',
50 "novabox" => '--server=rtime.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp/novaboot --rsync-flags="--chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,o-w,+rX --rsync-path=\"umask 002 && rsync\"" --pulsar --iprelay=147.32.87.159:2324',
51 "localhost" => '--scriptmod=s/console=tty[A-Z0-9,]+// --server=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2 --grub-prefix=/boot/novaboot/$NAME --grub2-prolog=" set root=\'(hd0,msdos1)\'"',
52 "ryu" => '--uboot --uboot-init="mw f0000b00 \${psc_cfg}; sleep 1" --uboot-addr kernel=800000 --uboot-addr ramdisk=b00000 --uboot-addr fdt=7f0000',
53 "ryuglab" => '--target ryu --server=pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz:/srv/tftp --remote-cmd="ssh -tt pc-sojkam.felk.cvut.cz \"sterm -d -s 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0\""',
54 "ryulocal" => '--target ryu --dhcp-tftp --serial --reset-cmd="if which dtrrts; then dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 0 1; sleep 0.1; dtrrts $NB_SERIAL 1 1; fi"',
59 $const{linux}->{_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF} = 83;
60 my $nproc = sysconf($const{$^O}->{_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF});
62 $CFG::scons = "scons -j$nproc";
63 $CFG::make = "make -j$nproc";
71 package CFG; # Put config data into a separate namespace
77 die("ERROR: Failure compiling '$cfg' - $@");
78 } elsif (! defined($rc)) {
79 die("ERROR: Failure reading '$cfg' - $!");
81 die("ERROR: Failure processing '$cfg'");
84 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($CFG::builddir, dirname($cfg)) if defined $CFG::builddir;
85 print STDERR "novaboot: Read $cfg\n";
90 # We don't use $0 here, because it points to the novaboot itself and
91 # not to the novaboot script. The problem with this approach is that
92 # when a script is run as "novaboot <options> <script>" then $ARGV[0]
93 # contains the first option. Hence the -f check.
94 my $dir = File::Spec->rel2abs($ARGV[0] && -f $ARGV[0] ? dirname($ARGV[0]) : '', $invocation_dir);
95 while ((-d $dir || -l $dir ) && $dir ne "/") {
96 push @cfgs, "$dir/.novaboot" if -r "$dir/.novaboot";
97 my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir($dir);
98 $dir = File::Spec->catdir(@dirs[0..$#dirs-1]);
100 @cfgs = reverse @cfgs;
102 my $xdg_config_home = $ENV{'XDG_CONFIG_HOME'} || $ENV{'HOME'}.'/.config';
103 unshift(@cfgs, "$xdg_config_home/novaboot") if -r "$xdg_config_home/novaboot";
105 $dir = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR'} || '/etc/novaboot.d';
106 if (opendir(my $dh, $dir)) {
107 my @etccfg = map { "$dir/$_" } grep { /^[-_a-zA-Z0-9]+$/ && -f "$dir/$_" } readdir($dh);
109 @etccfg = sort(@etccfg);
110 @cfgs = ( @etccfg, @cfgs );
113 my $cfg = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_CONFIG'};
114 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
115 GetOptions ("config|c=s" => \$cfg);
116 read_config($_) foreach $cfg or @cfgs;
118 ## Command line handling
120 my $explicit_target = $ENV{'NOVABOOT_TARGET'};
121 GetOptions ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target);
123 my ($amt, @append, $bender, @chainloaders, $concat, $config_name_opt, $dhcp_tftp, $dump_opt, $dump_config, @exiton, $exiton_timeout, @expect_raw, $final_eol, $gen_only, $grub_config, $grub_prefix, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog, $grub2_config, $help, $ider, $interaction, $iprelay, $iso_image, $interactive, $kernel_opt, $make, $man, $netif, $no_file_gen, $off_opt, $on_opt, $pulsar, $pulsar_root, $qemu, $qemu_append, $qemu_flags_cmd, $remote_cmd, $remote_expect, $remote_expect_silent, $remote_expect_timeout, $reset, $reset_cmd, $reset_send, $rom_prefix, $rsync_flags, @scriptmod, $scons, $serial, $server, $stty, $tftp, $tftp_port, $uboot, %uboot_addr, $uboot_cmd, @uboot_init);
125 # Default values of certain command line options
127 'kernel' => '${kernel_addr_r}',
128 'ramdisk' => '${ramdisk_addr_r}',
129 'fdt' => '${fdt_addr_r}',
132 $rom_prefix = 'rom://';
133 $stty = 'raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200';
134 $reset = 1; # Reset target by default
135 $interaction = 1; # Perform target interaction by default
138 $remote_expect_timeout = 180;
140 my @expect_seen = ();
144 push(@expect_seen, '-re') if $n eq "expect-re";
145 push(@expect_seen, $v);
151 unless (@expect_seen) { die("No --expect before --send"); }
152 my $ret = ($n eq "sendcont") ? exp_continue : 0;
153 unshift(@expect_raw, sub { shift->send(eval("\"$v\"")); $ret; });
154 unshift(@expect_raw, @expect_seen);
161 "append|a=s" => \@append,
162 "bender|b" => \$bender,
163 "build-dir=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($v); },
164 "concat" => \$concat,
165 "chainloader=s" => \@chainloaders,
166 "dhcp-tftp|d" => \$dhcp_tftp,
167 "dump" => \$dump_opt,
168 "dump-config" => \$dump_config,
169 "exiton=s" => \@exiton,
170 "exiton-timeout=i"=> \$exiton_timeout,
171 "exiton-re=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; push(@exiton, '-re', $v); },
172 "expect=s" => \&handle_expect,
173 "expect-re=s" => \&handle_expect,
174 "expect-raw=s" => sub { my ($n, $v) = @_; unshift(@expect_raw, eval($v)); },
175 "final-eol!" => \$final_eol,
176 "gen-only" => \$gen_only,
177 "grub|g:s" => \$grub_config,
178 "grub-preamble=s"=> \$grub_preamble,
179 "prefix|grub-prefix=s" => \$grub_prefix,
180 "grub2:s" => \$grub2_config,
181 "grub2-prolog=s" => \$grub2_prolog,
183 "interaction!" => \$interaction,
184 "iprelay=s" => \$iprelay,
185 "iso:s" => \$iso_image,
186 "kernel|k=s" => \$kernel_opt,
187 "interactive|i" => \$interactive,
188 "name=s" => \$config_name_opt,
189 "make|m:s" => \$make,
190 "netif=s" => \$netif,
191 "no-file-gen" => \$no_file_gen,
194 "pulsar|p:s" => \$pulsar,
195 "pulsar-root=s" => \$pulsar_root,
196 "qemu|Q:s" => \$qemu,
197 "qemu-append=s" => \$qemu_append,
198 "qemu-flags|q=s" => \$qemu_flags_cmd,
199 "remote-cmd=s" => \$remote_cmd,
200 "remote-expect=s"=> \$remote_expect,
201 "remote-expect-silent=s"=> sub { $remote_expect=$_[1]; $remote_expect_silent=1; },
202 "remote-expect-timeout=i"=> \$remote_expect_timeout,
204 "reset-cmd=s" => \$reset_cmd,
205 "reset-send=s" => \$reset_send,
206 "rsync-flags=s" => \$rsync_flags,
207 "scons:s" => \$scons,
208 "scriptmod=s" => \@scriptmod,
209 "send=s" => \&handle_send,
210 "sendcont=s" => \&handle_send,
211 "serial|s:s" => \$serial,
212 "server:s" => \$server,
213 "strip-rom" => sub { $rom_prefix = ''; },
216 "tftp-port=i" => \$tftp_port,
217 "uboot:s" => \$uboot,
218 "no-uboot" => sub { undef $uboot; },
219 "uboot-addr=s" => \%uboot_addr,
220 "uboot-cmd=s" => \$uboot_cmd,
221 "uboot-init=s" => sub { push @uboot_init, { command => $_[1] }; },
226 # First process target options
228 my $t = defined($explicit_target) ? $explicit_target : $CFG::default_target;
230 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case pass_through/);
232 exists $CFG::targets{$t} or die("Unknown target '$t' (valid targets are: ".join(", ", sort keys(%CFG::targets)).")");
234 undef $explicit_target;
235 my ($ret, $remaining_args) = GetOptionsFromString ($CFG::targets{$t}, ("target|t=s" => \$explicit_target));
236 if (!$ret) { die "Error parsing target $t option"; }
237 push(@target_expanded, @$remaining_args);
238 $t = $explicit_target;
241 (undef, my @args) = @ARGV;
242 @args = (@target_expanded, @args);
243 print STDERR "novaboot: Effective options: @args\n";
245 Getopt::Long::Configure(qw/no_ignore_case no_pass_through/);
246 GetOptionsFromArray(\@target_expanded, %opt_spec) or die ("Error in target definition");
249 # Then process other command line options - some of them may override
250 # what was specified by the target
251 GetOptions %opt_spec or die("Error in command line arguments");
252 pod2usage(1) if $help;
253 pod2usage(-exitstatus => 0, -verbose => 2) if $man;
255 ### Dump sanitized configuration (if requested)
259 $Data::Dumper::Indent=1;
260 print "# This file is in perl syntax.\n";
261 foreach my $key(sort(keys(%CFG::))) { # See "Symbol Tables" in perlmod(1)
262 if (defined ${$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([${$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
263 if ( @{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\@{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
264 if ( %{$CFG::{$key}}) { print Data::Dumper->Dump([\%{$CFG::{$key}}], ["*$key"]); }
270 ### Sanitize configuration
272 if ($interactive && !-t STDIN) {
273 die("novaboot: Interactive mode not supported when not on terminal");
276 if (defined $config_name_opt && scalar(@ARGV) > 1) { die "You cannot use --name with multiple scripts"; }
279 $iso_image //= ''; # IDE-R needs an ISO image
280 if (!defined $amt) { die "Error: --ider requires --amt"; }
284 my %input_opts = ('--iprelay' => \$iprelay,
285 '--serial' => \$serial,
286 '--remote-cmd' => \$remote_cmd,
288 my @opts = grep(defined(${$input_opts{$_}}) , keys %input_opts);
290 die("novaboot: More than one target connection option: ".join(', ', @opts)) if scalar @opts > 1;
294 if (defined $serial) {
295 $serial ||= "/dev/ttyUSB0";
296 $ENV{NB_SERIAL} = $serial;
298 if (defined $grub_config) { $grub_config ||= "menu.lst"; }
299 if (defined $grub2_config) { $grub2_config ||= "grub.cfg"; }
301 ## Parse the novaboot script(s)
306 my ($modules, $variables, $generated, $copy, $chainload, $continuation) = ([], {}, [], []);
307 my $skip_reading = defined($on_opt) || defined($off_opt);
308 while (!$skip_reading && ($_ = <>)) {
309 if ($ARGV ne $last_fn) { # New script
310 die "Missing EOF in $last_fn" if $file;
311 die "Unfinished line in $last_fn" if $continuation;
313 push @scripts, { 'filename' => $ARGV,
314 'modules' => $modules = [],
315 'variables' => $variables = {},
316 'generated' => $generated = [],
317 'copy' => $copy = [],
318 'chainload' => $chainload = [],
323 next if /^#/ || /^\s*$/; # Skip comments and empty lines
325 $_ =~ s/^[[:space:]]*// if ($continuation);
327 if (/\\$/) { # Line continuation
328 $continuation .= substr($_, 0, length($_)-1);
332 if ($continuation) { # Last continuation line
333 $_ = $continuation . $_;
337 foreach my $mod(@scriptmod) { eval $mod; }
339 if ($file && $_ eq $EOF) { # Heredoc end
343 if ($file) { # Heredoc content
344 push @{$file}, "$_\n";
347 if (/^([A-Z_]+)=(.*)$/) { # Internal variable
348 $$variables{$1} = $2;
349 push(@exiton, $2) if ($1 eq "EXITON");
352 sub process_load_copy($) {
353 die("novaboot: '$last_fn' line $.: Missing file name\n") unless /^[^ <]+/;
354 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*<<([^ ]*)$/) { # Heredoc start
356 push @$generated, {filename => $1, content => $file};
360 if (/^([^ ]*)(.*?)[[:space:]]*< ?(.*)$/) { # Command substitution
361 push @$generated, {filename => $1, command => $3};
366 if (s/^load *//) { # Load line
367 push @$modules, process_load_copy($_);
370 if (s/^copy *//) { # Copy line
371 push @$copy, process_load_copy($_);
374 if (s/^chld *//) { # Chainload line
375 push @$chainload, process_load_copy($_);
378 if (/^run (.*)/) { # run line
379 push @$generated, {command => $1};
382 if (/^uboot(?::([0-9]+)s)? +(< *)?(.*)/) { # uboot line
383 # TODO: If U-Boot supports some interactive menu, it might
384 # make sense to store uboot lines per novaboot script.
385 my ($timeout, $redir, $string, $dest) = ($1, $2, $3);
386 if ($string =~ /(.*) *> *(.*)/) {
390 push @uboot_init, { command => $redir ? "" : $string,
391 system => $redir ? $string : "",
398 die("novaboot: Cannot parse script '$last_fn' line $.. Didn't you forget 'load' keyword?\n");
401 # print Dumper(\@scripts);
403 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
404 $modules = $$script{modules};
405 @$modules[0] =~ s/^[^ ]*/$kernel_opt/ if $kernel_opt;
406 @$modules[0] .= ' ' . join(' ', @append) if @append;
409 if (exists $variables->{KERNEL}) {
410 $kernel = $variables->{KERNEL};
412 if ($CFG::hypervisor) {
413 $kernel = $CFG::hypervisor . " ";
414 if (exists $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS}) {
415 $kernel .= $variables->{HYPERVISOR_PARAMS};
417 $kernel .= $CFG::hypervisor_params;
421 @$modules = ($kernel, @$modules) if $kernel;
422 @$modules = (@chainloaders, @$modules);
423 @$modules = ("bin/boot/bender", @$modules) if ($bender || defined $ENV{'NOVABOOT_BENDER'});
427 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
428 print join("\n", @{$$script{modules}})."\n";
435 sub generate_configs($$$) {
436 my ($base, $generated, $filename) = @_;
437 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
438 foreach my $g(@$generated) {
439 if (exists $$g{content}) {
440 my $config = $$g{content};
441 my $fn = $$g{filename};
442 open(my $f, '>', $fn) || die("$fn: $!");
443 map { s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; print $f "$_"; } @{$config};
445 print STDERR "novaboot: Created $fn\n";
446 } elsif (exists $$g{command} && ! $no_file_gen) {
447 $ENV{SRCDIR} = dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( $filename, $invocation_dir ));
448 if (exists $$g{filename}) {
449 system_verbose("( $$g{command} ) > $$g{filename}");
451 system_verbose($$g{command});
457 sub generate_grub_config($$$$;$)
459 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble) = @_;
460 if ($base) { $base = "$base/"; };
461 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
462 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
463 print $fg "title $title\n" if $title;
464 #print $fg "root $base\n"; # root doesn't really work for (nd)
466 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
469 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
470 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
471 print $fg "kernel ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
473 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
474 print $fg "module $base$_\n";
478 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
482 sub generate_syslinux_config($$$$)
484 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref) = @_;
485 if ($base && $base !~ /\/$/) { $base = "$base/"; };
486 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
487 print $fg "LABEL $title\n";
488 #TODO print $fg "MENU LABEL $human_readable_title\n";
490 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', @$modules_ref[0], 2);
492 if (system("file $kbin|grep 'Linux kernel'") == 0) {
493 my $initrd = @$modules_ref[1];
494 die('To many "load" lines for Linux kernel') if (scalar @$modules_ref > 2);
495 print $fg "LINUX $base$kbin\n";
496 print $fg "APPEND $kcmd\n";
497 print $fg "INITRD $base$initrd\n";
499 print $fg "KERNEL mboot.c32\n";
501 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
502 s|\brom://([^ ]*)|$rom_prefix$base$1|g; # Translate rom:// files - needed for vdisk parameter of sigma0
503 push @append, "$base$_";
504 print $fg "APPEND ".join(' --- ', @append)."\n";
507 #TODO print $fg "TEXT HELP\n";
508 #TODO print $fg "some help here\n";
509 #TODO print $fg "ENDTEXT\n";
511 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
515 sub generate_grub2_config($$$$;$$)
517 my ($filename, $title, $base, $modules_ref, $preamble, $prolog) = @_;
518 if ($base && substr($base,-1,1) ne '/') { $base = "$base/"; };
519 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
520 print $fg "$preamble\n" if $preamble;
521 $title ||= 'novaboot';
522 print $fg "menuentry $title {\n";
523 print $fg "$prolog\n" if $prolog;
525 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
528 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
529 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
530 print $fg " multiboot ${base}$kbin $kcmd\n";
533 # GRUB2 doesn't pass filename in multiboot info so we have to duplicate it here
534 $_ = join(' ', ($args[0], @args));
535 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g; # We do not need to translate path for GRUB2
536 print $fg " module $base$_\n";
541 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
545 sub generate_pulsar_config($$$)
547 my ($filename, $modules_ref, $chainload_ref) = @_;
548 open(my $fg, '>', $filename) or die "$filename: $!";
549 print $fg "root $pulsar_root\n" if defined $pulsar_root;
550 if (scalar(@$chainload_ref) > 0) {
551 print $fg "chld $$chainload_ref[0]\n";
555 foreach (@$modules_ref) {
558 ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', $_, 2);
559 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
562 s|\brom://|$rom_prefix|g;
563 print $fg "load $_\n";
566 # Put kernel as last - this is needed for booting Linux and has no influence on non-Linux OSes
567 print $fg "exec $kbin $kcmd\n";
570 print("novaboot: Created $builddir/$filename\n");
574 sub shell_cmd_string(@)
576 return join(' ', map((/^[-_=a-zA-Z0-9\/\.\+]+$/ ? "$_" : "'$_'"), @_));
581 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string(@_)."\n";
583 exit(1); # should not be reached
586 sub system_verbose($)
589 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n";
590 my $ret = system($cmd);
591 if ($ret & 0x007f) { die("Command terminated by a signal"); }
592 if ($ret & 0xff00) {die("Command exit with non-zero exit code"); }
593 if ($ret) { die("Command failure $ret"); }
598 $str =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
604 if (exists $variables->{WVDESC}) {
605 print STDERR "Testing \"$variables->{WVDESC}\" in $last_fn:\n";
606 } elsif ($last_fn =~ /\.wv$/) {
607 print STDERR "Testing \"all\" in $last_fn:\n";
610 ## Connect to the target and check whether it is not occupied
612 # We have to do this before file generation phase, because file
613 # generation is intermixed with file deployment phase and we want to
614 # check whether the target is not used by somebody else before
615 # deploying files. Otherwise, we may rewrite other user's files on a
618 my $exp; # Expect object to communicate with the target over serial line
620 my ($target_reset, $target_power_on, $target_power_off);
621 my ($amt_user, $amt_password, $amt_host, $amt_port);
623 if (defined $iprelay) {
625 $iprelay =~ /([.0-9]+)(:([0-9]+))?/;
628 my $paddr = sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton($addr));
629 my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');
630 socket($IPRELAY, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) || die "socket: $!";
631 print STDERR "novaboot: Connecting to IP relay... ";
632 connect($IPRELAY, $paddr) || die "connect: $!";
633 print STDERR "done\n";
634 $exp = Expect->init(\*$IPRELAY);
638 print $exp "\xFF\xF6"; # AYT
639 my $connected = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
640 '<iprelayd: connected>',
641 '-re', '<WEB51 HW[^>]*>');
646 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
647 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
649 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0x5 : 0x6) | ($onoff ? 0x20 : 0x10);
650 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x32".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
654 my ($relay, $onoff) = @_;
655 die unless ($relay == 1 || $relay == 2);
656 my $cmd = ($relay == 1 ? 0xdf : 0xbf) | ($onoff ? 0x00 : 0xff);
657 return "\xFF\xFA\x2C\x97".chr($cmd)."\xFF\xF0";
661 my ($relay, $onoff, $can_giveup) = @_;
662 my $confirmation = '';
664 print $exp relaycmd($relay, $onoff);
665 my $confirmed = $exp->expect(20, # Timeout in seconds
666 relayconf($relay, $onoff));
669 print("Relay confirmation timeout - ignoring\n");
671 die "Relay confirmation timeout";
677 $target_reset = sub {
678 relay(2, 1, 1); # Reset the machine
683 $target_power_off = sub {
684 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
685 usleep(6000000); # Long press to switch off
689 $target_power_on = sub {
690 relay(1, 1); # Press power button
691 usleep(100000); # Short press
697 system_verbose("stty -F $serial $stty");
698 open($CONN, "+<", $serial) || die "open $serial: $!";
699 $exp = Expect->init(\*$CONN);
701 elsif ($remote_cmd) {
702 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $remote_cmd\n";
703 $exp = Expect->spawn($remote_cmd);
705 elsif (defined $amt) {
706 require LWP::UserAgent;
707 require LWP::Authen::Digest;
710 my ($host, $username, $password, $schema, $className, $pstate) = @_;
711 #AMT numbers for PowerStateChange (MNI => bluescreen on windows;-)
712 my %pstates = ("on" => 2,
719 <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:w="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wsman/1/wsman.xsd">
720 <s:Header><a:To>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:To>
721 <w:ResourceURI s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema</w:ResourceURI>
722 <a:ReplyTo><a:Address s:mustUnderstand="true">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</a:Address></a:ReplyTo>
723 <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="true">$schema$className</a:Action>
724 <w:MaxEnvelopeSize s:mustUnderstand="true">153600</w:MaxEnvelopeSize>
725 <a:MessageID>uuid:709072C9-609C-4B43-B301-075004043C7C</a:MessageID>
726 <w:Locale xml:lang="en-US" s:mustUnderstand="false" />
727 <w:OperationTimeout>PT60.000S</w:OperationTimeout>
728 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">Intel(r) AMT Power Management Service</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
730 <p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT xmlns:p="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService">
731 <p:PowerState>$pstates{$pstate}</p:PowerState>
732 <p:ManagedElement><a:Address>http://$host:16992/wsman</a:Address>
733 <a:ReferenceParameters><w:ResourceURI>http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ComputerSystem</w:ResourceURI>
734 <w:SelectorSet><w:Selector Name="Name">ManagedSystem</w:Selector></w:SelectorSet>
735 </a:ReferenceParameters></p:ManagedElement>
736 </p:RequestPowerStateChange_INPUT>
737 </s:Body></s:Envelope>
742 my ($host, $username, $password, $content) = @_;
744 my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
745 $ua->agent("novaboot");
747 my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
748 my $res = $ua->request($req);
749 die ("Unexpected AMT response: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->code == 401;
751 my ($realm) = $res->header("WWW-Authenticate") =~ /Digest realm="(.*?)"/;
752 $ua->credentials("$host:16992", $realm, $username => $password);
755 $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => "http://$host:16992/wsman");
756 $req->content_type('application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
757 $req->content($content);
758 $res = $ua->request($req);
759 die ("AMT power change request failed: " . $res->status_line) unless $res->is_success;
760 $res->content() =~ /<g:ReturnValue>(\d+)<\/g:ReturnValue>/;
765 my ($host, $username, $password, $pstate)=@_;
766 my $schema="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_PowerManagementService";
767 my $className="/RequestPowerStateChange";
768 my $content = genXML($host, $username, $password ,$schema, $className, $pstate);
769 return sendPOST($host, $username, $password, $content);
772 ($amt_user,$amt_password,$amt_host,$amt_port) = ($amt =~ /(?:(.*?)(?::(.*))?@)?([^:]*)(?::([0-9]*))?/);;
773 $amt_user ||= "admin";
774 $amt_password ||= $ENV{'AMT_PASSWORD'} || die "AMT password not specified";
775 $amt_host || die "AMT host not specified";
779 $target_power_off = sub {
781 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "off");
782 die "AMT power off failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
785 $target_power_on = sub {
786 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "on");
787 die "AMT power on failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
790 $target_reset = sub {
791 my $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "reset");
793 print STDERR "Warning: Cannot reset $amt_host, trying power on. ";
794 $result = powerChange($amt_host,$amt_user,$amt_password, "on");
796 die "AMT reset failed (ReturnValue $result)" if $result != 0;
799 my $cmd = "amtterm -u $amt_user -p $amt_password $amt_host $amt_port";
800 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
801 $exp = Expect->spawn($cmd);
802 $exp->expect(10, "RUN_SOL") || die "Expect for 'RUN_SOL' timed out";
807 if ($remote_expect) {
808 $exp || die("No serial line connection");
809 my $log = $exp->log_stdout;
810 if (defined $remote_expect_silent) {
813 $exp->expect($remote_expect_timeout >= 0 ? $remote_expect_timeout : undef,
814 $remote_expect) || die "Expect for '$remote_expect' timed out";
815 if (defined $remote_expect_silent) {
816 $exp->log_stdout($log);
817 print $exp->after() if $log;
821 if (defined $reset_cmd) {
822 $target_reset = sub {
823 system_verbose($reset_cmd);
827 if (defined $reset_send) {
828 $target_reset = sub {
829 $reset_send =~ s/\\n/\n/g;
830 $exp->send($reset_send);
834 if (defined $on_opt && defined $target_power_on) {
838 if (defined $off_opt && defined $target_power_off) {
839 print STDERR "novaboot: Switching the target off...\n";
840 &$target_power_off();
844 $builddir ||= dirname(File::Spec->rel2abs( ${$scripts[0]}{filename})) if scalar @scripts;
845 if (defined $builddir) {
846 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
847 print STDERR "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
849 $builddir = $invocation_dir;
852 ## File generation phase
853 my (%files_iso, $menu_iso, $filename);
854 my $config_name = '';
857 foreach my $script (@scripts) {
858 $filename = $$script{filename};
859 $modules = $$script{modules};
860 $generated = $$script{generated};
861 $variables = $$script{variables};
863 ($config_name = $filename) =~ s#.*/##;
864 $config_name = $config_name_opt if (defined $config_name_opt);
866 if (exists $variables->{BUILDDIR}) {
867 $builddir = File::Spec->rel2abs($variables->{BUILDDIR});
868 chdir($builddir) or die "Can't change directory to $builddir: $!";
869 print STDERR "novaboot: Entering directory `$builddir'\n";
873 $prefix = $grub_prefix;
874 $prefix =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
875 $prefix =~ s/\$BUILDDIR/$builddir/;
877 # TODO: use $grub_prefix as first parameter if some switch is given
878 generate_configs('', $generated, $filename);
880 ### Generate bootloader configuration files
881 my @bootloader_configs;
882 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub_config($grub_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble) if (defined $grub_config);
883 push @bootloader_configs, generate_grub2_config($grub2_config, $config_name, $prefix, $modules, $grub_preamble, $grub2_prolog) if (defined $grub2_config);
884 push @bootloader_configs, generate_pulsar_config('config-'.($pulsar||'novaboot'), $modules, $chainload) if (defined $pulsar);
886 ### Run scons or make
889 push @all, @$modules;
891 push @all, @$chainload;
892 my @files = map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } @all);
894 # Filter-out generated files
895 my @to_build = grep({ my $file = $_; !scalar(grep($file eq ($$_{filename} || ''), @$generated)) } @files);
897 system_verbose($scons || $CFG::scons." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $scons);
898 system_verbose($make || $CFG::make ." ".join(" ", @to_build)) if (defined $make);
901 ### Copy files (using rsync)
902 if (defined $server && !defined($gen_only)) {
903 (my $real_server = $server) =~ s/\$NAME/$config_name/;
905 my ($hostname, $path) = split(":", $real_server, 2);
906 if (! defined $path) {
910 my $files = join(" ", map({ ($file) = m/([^ ]*)/; $file; } ( @$modules, @bootloader_configs, @$copy)));
911 map({ my $file = (split)[0]; die "$file: $!" if ! -f $file; } @$modules);
912 my $istty = -t STDOUT && ($ENV{'TERM'} || 'dumb') ne 'dumb';
913 my $progress = $istty ? "--progress" : "";
915 system_verbose("rsync $progress -RLp $rsync_flags $files $real_server");
916 if ($server =~ m|/\$NAME$| && $concat) {
917 my $cmd = join("; ", map { "( cd $path/.. && cat */$_ > $_ )" } @bootloader_configs);
918 system_verbose($hostname ? "ssh $hostname '$cmd'" : $cmd);
923 ### Prepare ISO image generation
924 if (defined $iso_image) {
925 generate_configs("(cd)", $generated, $filename);
927 generate_syslinux_config(\$menu, $config_name, "/", $modules);
928 $menu_iso .= "$menu\n";
929 map { ($file,undef) = split; $files_iso{$file} = 1; } @$modules;
933 ## Generate ISO image
934 if (defined $iso_image) {
935 system_verbose("mkdir -p isolinux");
938 if (-f '/usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin') {
939 # Newer ISOLINUX version
940 @files = qw(/usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/libcom32.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/menu.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/ldlinux.c32);
942 # Older ISOLINUX version
943 @files = qw(/usr/lib/syslinux/isolinux.bin /usr/lib/syslinux/mboot.c32 /usr/lib/syslinux/menu.c32);
945 system_verbose("cp @files isolinux");
946 open(my $fh, ">isolinux/isolinux.cfg");
948 print $fh "TIMEOUT 50\n";
949 print $fh "DEFAULT menu\n";
951 print $fh "DEFAULT $config_name\n";
953 print $fh "$menu_iso";
956 my $files = join(" ", map("$_=$_", (keys(%files_iso), 'isolinux/isolinux.cfg', map(s|.*/|isolinux/|r, @files))));
957 $iso_image ||= "$config_name.iso";
959 # Note: We use -U flag below to "Allow 'untranslated' filenames,
960 # completely violating the ISO9660 standards". Without this
961 # option, isolinux is not able to read files names for example
963 system_verbose("$CFG::genisoimage -R -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -hide-rr-moved -U -o $iso_image -graft-points $files");
964 print("ISO image created: $builddir/$iso_image\n");
967 exit(0) if defined $gen_only;
969 ## Boot the system using various methods and send serial output to stdout
971 if (scalar(@scripts) > 1 && ( defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $serial || defined $iprelay)) {
972 die "You cannot do this with multiple scripts simultaneously";
975 if ($variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}) {
976 print STDERR "wvtest: timeout ", $variables->{WVTEST_TIMEOUT}, "\n";
983 $qemu ||= $variables->{QEMU} || $CFG::qemu;
984 my @qemu_flags = split(" ", $qemu);
985 $qemu = shift(@qemu_flags);
987 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($variables->{QEMU_FLAGS})) if exists $variables->{QEMU_FLAGS};
988 @qemu_flags = split(/ +/, trim($qemu_flags_cmd)) if $qemu_flags_cmd;
989 push(@qemu_flags, split(/ +/, trim($qemu_append || '')));
991 if (defined $iso_image) {
992 # Boot NOVA with grub (and test the iso image)
993 push(@qemu_flags, ('-cdrom', $iso_image));
995 # Boot NOVA without GRUB
997 # Non-patched qemu doesn't like commas, but NUL can live with pluses instead of commans
998 foreach (@$modules) {s/,/+/g;}
999 generate_configs("", $generated, $filename);
1001 if (scalar @$modules) {
1002 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
1003 $kcmd = '' if !defined $kcmd;
1005 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
1006 my $initrd = join ",", @$modules;
1008 push(@qemu_flags, ('-kernel', $kbin, '-append', $kcmd));
1009 push(@qemu_flags, ('-initrd', $initrd)) if $initrd;
1010 push(@qemu_flags, ('-dtb', $dtb)) if $dtb;
1013 if (!grep /^-serial$/, @qemu_flags) {
1014 push(@qemu_flags, qw(-serial stdio)); # Redirect serial output (for collecting test restuls)
1016 unshift(@qemu_flags, ('-name', $config_name));
1017 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: ".shell_cmd_string($qemu, @qemu_flags)."\n";
1018 $exp = Expect->spawn(($qemu, @qemu_flags)) || die("exec() failed: $!");
1021 ### Local DHCPD and TFTPD
1023 my ($dhcpd_pid, $tftpd_pid);
1025 $tftp=1 if $tftp_port;
1027 if (defined $dhcp_tftp)
1029 generate_configs("(nd)", $generated, $filename);
1030 system_verbose('mkdir -p tftpboot');
1031 generate_grub_config("tftpboot/os-menu.lst", $config_name, "(nd)", \@$modules, "timeout 0");
1032 open(my $fh, '>', 'dhcpd.conf');
1033 my $mac = `cat /sys/class/net/$netif/address`;
1035 print $fh "subnet 10.23.23.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
1036 range 10.23.23.10 10.23.23.100;
1037 filename \"bin/boot/grub/pxegrub.pxe\";
1038 next-server 10.23.23.1;
1041 hardware ethernet $mac;
1042 fixed-address 10.23.23.1;
1045 system_verbose("sudo ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev $netif;
1046 sudo ip l set dev $netif up;
1047 sudo touch dhcpd.leases");
1049 # We run servers by forking ourselves, because the servers end up
1050 # in our process group and get killed by signals sent to the
1051 # process group (e.g. Ctrl-C on terminal).
1052 $dhcpd_pid = fork();
1053 exec_verbose("sudo dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid") if ($dhcpd_pid == 0);
1056 if (defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $tftp) {
1058 # Unfortunately, tftpd requires root privileges even with
1059 # non-privileged (>1023) port due to initgroups().
1060 system_verbose("sudo in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid --address :$tftp_port $builddir");
1062 # Kill server when we die
1063 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid') if (defined $dhcp_tftp);
1064 system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); };
1066 # We have to kill tftpd explicitely, because it is not in our process group
1067 $SIG{INT} = sub { system_verbose('sudo pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid'); exit(0); };
1071 if (defined $ider) {
1072 my $ider_cmd= "amtider -c $iso_image -u $amt_user -p $amt_password $amt_host $amt_port" ;
1073 print STDERR "novaboot: Running: $ider_cmd\n" =~ s/\Q$amt_password\E/???/r;
1074 my $ider_pid = fork();
1075 if ($ider_pid == 0) {
1077 die "IDE redirection failed";
1079 # FIXME: This collides with --tftp option. Hopefully, nobody needs
1080 # to use both simultaneously.
1081 $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { system_verbose('kill $ider_pid'); };
1084 ### Reset target (IP relay, AMT, ...)
1086 if (defined $target_reset && $reset) {
1087 print STDERR "novaboot: Reseting the test box... ";
1089 print STDERR "done\n";
1091 # We don't want to output anything printed by the target
1092 # before reset so we clear the buffers now. This is, however,
1093 # not ideal because we may loose some data that were sent
1094 # after the reset. If this is a problem, one should reset and
1095 # connect to serial line in atomic manner. For example, if
1096 # supported by hardware, use --remote-cmd 'sterm -d ...' and
1097 # do not use separate --reset-cmd.
1098 my $log = $exp->log_stdout;
1099 $exp->log_stdout(0);
1100 $exp->expect(0); # Read data from target
1101 $exp->clear_accum(); # Clear the read data
1102 $exp->log_stdout($log);
1106 ### U-boot conversation
1107 if (defined $uboot) {
1108 my $uboot_prompt = $uboot || '=> ';
1109 print STDERR "novaboot: Waiting for U-Boot prompt...\n";
1110 $exp || die("No serial line connection");
1111 $exp->log_stdout(1);
1112 #$exp->exp_internal(1);
1114 [qr/Hit any key to stop autoboot:/, sub { $exp->send("\n"); exp_continue; }],
1115 $uboot_prompt) || die "No U-Boot prompt deteceted";
1116 foreach my $cmdspec (@uboot_init) {
1117 my ($cmd, $timeout);
1118 die "Internal error - please report a bug" unless ref($cmdspec) eq "HASH";
1120 if ($cmdspec->{system}) {
1121 $cmd = `$cmdspec->{system}`;
1123 $cmd = $cmdspec->{command};
1125 $timeout = $cmdspec->{timeout} // 10;
1127 if ($cmd =~ /\$NB_MYIP/) {
1128 my $ip = (grep /inet /, `ip addr show $netif`)[0] || die "Problem determining IP address of $netif";
1129 $ip =~ s/\s*inet ([0-9.]*).*/$1/;
1130 $cmd =~ s/\$NB_MYIP/$ip/g;
1132 if ($cmd =~ /\$NB_PREFIX/) {
1135 $cmd =~ s/\$NB_PREFIX/$p/g;
1138 $exp->send("$cmd\n");
1140 my ($matched_pattern_position, $error,
1141 $successfully_matching_string,
1142 $before_match, $after_match) =
1143 $exp->expect($timeout, $uboot_prompt);
1144 die "No U-Boot prompt: $error" if $error;
1146 if ($cmdspec->{dest}) {
1147 open(my $fh, ">", $cmdspec->{dest}) or die "Cannot open '$cmdspec->{dest}': $!";
1148 print $fh $before_match;
1153 # Load files if there are some load lines in the script
1154 if (scalar(@$modules) > 0 && !$variables->{NO_BOOT}) {
1155 my ($kbin, $kcmd) = split(' ', shift(@$modules), 2);
1157 @$modules = map { if (/\.dtb$/) { $dtb=$_; (); } else { $_ } } @$modules;
1158 my $initrd = shift @$modules;
1160 if (defined $kbin) {
1161 die "No '--uboot-addr kernel' given" unless $uboot_addr{kernel};
1162 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{kernel} $prefix$kbin\n");
1164 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1165 $uboot_prompt) || die "Kernel load timeout";
1168 die "No '--uboot-addr fdt' given" unless $uboot_addr{fdt};
1169 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{fdt} $prefix$dtb\n");
1171 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1172 $uboot_prompt) || die "Device tree load timeout";
1174 if (defined $initrd) {
1175 die "No '--uboot-addr ramdisk' given" unless $uboot_addr{ramdisk};
1176 $exp->send("tftpboot $uboot_addr{ramdisk} $prefix$initrd\n");
1178 [qr/##/, sub { exp_continue; }],
1179 $uboot_prompt) || die "Initrd load timeout";
1181 $uboot_addr{ramdisk} = '-';
1185 $exp->send("setenv bootargs $kcmd\n");
1186 $exp->expect(5, $uboot_prompt) || die "U-Boot prompt timeout";
1189 $uboot_cmd //= $variables->{UBOOT_CMD} // 'bootm $kernel_addr $ramdisk_addr $fdt_addr';
1190 if (!$variables->{NO_BOOT} && $uboot_cmd ne '') {
1191 $uboot_cmd =~ s/\$kernel_addr/$uboot_addr{kernel}/g;
1192 $uboot_cmd =~ s/\$ramdisk_addr/$uboot_addr{ramdisk}/g;
1193 $uboot_cmd =~ s/\$fdt_addr/$uboot_addr{fdt}/g;
1195 $exp->send($uboot_cmd . "\n");
1196 $exp->expect(5, "\n") || die "U-Boot command timeout";
1200 ### Serial line interaction
1201 if ($interaction && defined $exp) {
1202 # Serial line of the target is available
1203 my $interrupt = 'Ctrl-C';
1204 if ($interactive && !@exiton) {
1205 $interrupt = '"~~."';
1207 print STDERR "novaboot: Serial line interaction (press $interrupt to interrupt)...\n";
1208 $exp->log_stdout(1);
1210 $exp->expect($exiton_timeout, @expect_raw, @exiton) || die("exiton timeout");
1212 my @inputs = ($exp);
1213 my $infile = new IO::File;
1214 $infile->IO::File::fdopen(*STDIN,'r');
1215 my $in_object = Expect->exp_init($infile);
1216 $in_object->set_group($exp);
1219 $in_object->set_seq('~~\.', sub { print STDERR "novaboot: Escape sequence detected\r\n"; undef; });
1220 $in_object->manual_stty(0); # Use raw terminal mode
1222 $in_object->manual_stty(1); # Do not modify terminal settings
1224 push(@inputs, $in_object);
1226 #print Dumper(\@expect_raw);
1227 $exp->expect(undef, @expect_raw) if @expect_raw;
1229 $^W = 0; # Suppress Expect warning: handle id(3) is not a tty. Not changing mode at /usr/share/perl5/Expect.pm line 393, <> line 8.
1230 Expect::interconnect(@inputs) unless defined($exp->exitstatus);
1235 ## Kill dhcpc or tftpd
1236 if (defined $dhcp_tftp || defined $tftp) {
1237 die("novaboot: This should kill servers on background\n");
1240 # Always finish novaboot output with newline
1241 print "\n" if $final_eol;
1248 novaboot - Boots a locally compiled operating system on a remote
1255 B<novaboot> [option]... [--] script...
1257 B<./script> [option]...
1261 Novaboot makes booting of a locally compiled operating system (OS)
1262 (e.g. NOVA or Linux) on remote targets as simple as running a program
1263 locally. It automates things like copying OS images to a TFTP server,
1264 generation of bootloader configuration files, resetting of target
1265 hardware or redirection of target's serial line to stdin/out. Novaboot
1266 is highly configurable and makes it easy to boot a single image on
1267 different targets or different images on a single target.
1269 Novaboot operation is controlled by configuration files, command line
1270 options and by a so-called novaboot script, which can be thought as a
1271 generalization of bootloader configuration files (see L</"NOVABOOT
1272 SCRIPT SYNTAX">). The typical way of using novaboot is to make the
1273 novaboot script executable and set its first line to I<#!/usr/bin/env
1274 novaboot>. Then, booting a particular OS configuration becomes the
1275 same as executing a local program – the novaboot script.
1277 Novaboot uses configuration files to, among other things, define
1278 command line options needed for different targets. Users typically use
1279 only the B<-t>/B<--target> command line option to select the target.
1280 Internally, this option expands to the pre-configured options.
1281 Novaboot searches configuration files at multiple places, which allows
1282 having per-system, per-user or per-project configurations.
1283 Configuration file syntax is described in section L</"CONFIGURATION
1286 Simple examples of using C<novaboot>:
1292 Running an OS in Qemu can be accomplished by giving the B<--qemu> option.
1295 novaboot --qemu myos
1297 (or C<./myos --qemu> as described above) will run Qemu and make it
1298 boot the configuration specified in the F<myos> script.
1302 Create a bootloader configuration file (currently supported
1303 bootloaders are GRUB, GRUB2, ISOLINUX, Pulsar, and U-Boot) and copy it
1304 with all other files needed for booting to a remote boot server. Then
1305 use a TCP/IP-controlled relay/serial-to-TCP converter to reset the
1306 target and receive its serial output.
1308 ./myos --grub2 --server=192.168.1.1:/tftp --iprelay=192.168.1.2
1310 Alternatively, you can put these switches to the configuration file
1313 ./myos --target mytarget
1317 Run DHCP and TFTP server on developer's machine to boot the target
1322 This usage is useful when no network infrastructure is in place, and
1323 the target is connected directly to developer's box.
1327 Create bootable ISO image.
1329 novaboot --iso -- script1 script2
1331 The created ISO image will have ISOLINUX bootloader installed on it,
1332 and the boot menu will allow selecting between I<script1> and
1333 I<script2> configurations.
1337 =head1 PHASES AND OPTIONS
1339 Novaboot performs its work in several phases. Command like options
1340 described bellow influence the execution of each phase or allow their
1341 skipping. The list of phases (in the execution order) is as follows.
1345 =item 1. L<Configuration reading|/Configuration reading phase>
1347 =item 2. L<Command line processing|/Command line processing phase>
1349 =item 3. L<Script preprocessing|/Script preprocessing phase>
1351 =item 4. L<File generation|/File generation phase>
1353 =item 5. L<Target connection|/Target connection check>
1355 =item 6. L<File deployment|/File deployment phase>
1357 =item 7. L<Target power-on and reset|/Target power-on and reset phase>
1359 =item 8. L<Interaction with the bootloader|/Interaction with the bootloader on the target>
1361 =item 9. L<Target interaction|/Target interaction phase>
1365 Each phase is described in the following sections together with the
1366 command line options that control it.
1368 =head2 Configuration reading phase
1370 After starting, novaboot reads zero or more configuration files. We
1371 describe their content in section L</"CONFIGURATION FILES">. By default, the
1372 configuration is read from multiple locations. First from the system
1373 configuration directory (F</etc/novaboot.d/>), second from the user
1374 configuration file (F<~/.config/novaboot>) and third from F<.novaboot>
1375 files along the path to the current directory. Alternatively, a single
1376 configuration file specified with the B<-c> switch or with the
1377 C<NOVABOOT_CONFIG> environment variable is read. The latter read files
1378 override settings from the former ones.
1380 The system configuration directory is determined by the content of
1381 NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR environment variable and defaults to
1382 F</etc/novaboot.d>. Files in this directory with names consisting
1383 solely of English letters, numbers, dashes '-' and underscores '_'
1384 (note that dot '.' is not included) are read in alphabetical order.
1386 Then, the user configuration file is read from
1387 F<$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/novaboot>. If C<$XDG_CONFIG_HOME> environment
1388 variable is not set F<~/.config/novaboot> is read instead.
1390 Finally, novaboot searches for files named F<.novaboot> starting from the
1391 directory of the novaboot script (or working directory, see bellow)
1392 and continuing upwards up to the root directory. The found
1393 configuration files are then read in the opposite order (i.e. from the
1394 root directory downwards). This ordering allows having, for example, a project
1395 specific configuration in F<~/project/.novaboot>.
1397 Note the difference between F<~/.config/novaboot> and F<~/.novaboot>.
1398 The former one is always read, whereas the latter only when novaboot
1399 script or working directory is under the C<$HOME> directory.
1401 In certain cases, the location of the novaboot script cannot be
1402 determined in this early phase. This situation happens either when the script is
1403 read from the standard input or when novaboot is invoked explicitly as
1404 in the example L</"4."> above. In this case, the current working
1405 directory is used as a starting point for configuration file search
1406 instead of the novaboot script directory.
1410 =item -c, --config=I<filename>
1412 Use the specified configuration file instead of the default one(s).
1416 =head2 Command line processing phase
1422 Dump the current configuration to stdout end exit. Useful as an
1423 initial template for a configuration file.
1427 Print short (B<-h>) or long (B<--help>) help.
1429 =item -t, --target=I<target>
1431 This option serves as a user configurable shortcut for other novaboot
1432 options. The effect of this option is the same as specifying the
1433 options stored in the C<%targets> configuration variable under key
1434 I<target>. See also L</"CONFIGURATION FILES">.
1436 When this option is not given, novaboot tries to determine the target
1437 to use from either B<NOVABOOT_TARGET> environment variable or
1438 B<$default_target> configuration file variable.
1442 =head2 Script preprocessing phase
1444 This phase allows modifying the parsed novaboot script before it is
1445 used in the later phases.
1449 =item -a, --append=I<parameters>
1451 Append a string to the first C<load> line in the novaboot script. This option
1452 can be used to append parameters to the kernel's or root task's
1453 command line. This option can appear multiple times.
1457 Use L<Bender|https://github.com/TUD-OS/morbo/blob/master/standalone/bender.c>
1458 chainloader. Bender scans the PCI bus for PCI serial ports and stores
1459 the information about them in the BIOS data area for use by the
1462 =item --chainloader=I<chainloader>
1464 Specifies a chainloader that is loaded before the kernel and other
1465 files specified in the novaboot script. E.g. 'bin/boot/bender
1470 Print the modules to boot and their parameters, after this phase
1471 finishes. Then exit. This is useful for seeing the effect of other
1472 options in this section.
1474 =item -k, --kernel=F<file>
1476 Replace the first word on the first C<load> line in the novaboot
1477 script with F<file>.
1479 =item --scriptmod=I<Perl expression>
1481 When novaboot reads the script, I<Perl expression> is executed for every
1482 line (in $_ variable). For example, C<novaboot
1483 --scriptmod=s/sigma0/omega6/g> replaces every occurrence of I<sigma0>
1484 in the script with I<omega6>.
1486 When this option is present, it overrides I<$script_modifier> variable
1487 from the configuration file, which has the same effect. If this option
1488 is given multiple times all expressions are evaluated in the command
1493 =head2 File generation phase
1495 In this phase, files needed for booting are generated in a so-called
1496 I<build directory> (see L</--build-dir>). In most cases configuration
1497 for a bootloader is generated automatically by novaboot. It is also
1498 possible to generate other files using I<heredoc> or I<"<"> syntax in
1499 novaboot scripts. Finally, novaboot can generate binaries in this phases by
1500 running C<scons> or C<make>.
1504 =item --build-dir=I<directory>
1506 Overrides the default build directory location.
1508 The default build directory location is determined as follows: If the
1509 configuration file defines the C<$builddir> variable, its value is
1510 used. Otherwise, it is the directory that contains the first processed
1513 See also L</BUILDDIR> variable.
1515 =item -g, --grub[=I<filename>]
1517 Generates grub bootloader menu file. If the I<filename> is not
1518 specified, F<menu.lst> is used. The I<filename> is relative to the
1519 build directory (see B<--build-dir>).
1521 =item --grub-preamble=I<prefix>
1523 Specifies the I<preamble> that is at the beginning of the generated
1524 GRUB or GRUB2 config files. This is useful for specifying GRUB's
1527 =item --prefix=I<prefix>
1529 Specifies I<prefix> (e.g. F</srv/tftp>) that is put in front of every
1530 filename in generated bootloader configuration files (or in U-Boot
1533 If the I<prefix> contains string $NAME, it will be replaced with the
1534 name of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1536 If the I<prefix> contains string $BUILDDIR, it will be replaced with
1537 the build directory (see also B<--build-dir>).
1541 Alias for B<--prefix>.
1543 =item --grub2[=I<filename>]
1545 Generate GRUB2 menu entry in I<filename>. If I<filename> is not
1546 specified F<grub.cfg> is used. The content of the menu entry can be
1547 customized with B<--grub-preamble>, B<--grub2-prolog> or
1548 B<--grub_prefix> options.
1550 To use the generated menu entry on your development
1551 machine that uses GRUB2, append the following snippet to
1552 F</etc/grub.d/40_custom> file and regenerate your grub configuration,
1553 i.e. run update-grub on Debian/Ubuntu.
1555 if [ -f /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg ]; then
1556 source /path/to/nul/build/grub.cfg
1559 =item --grub2-prolog=I<prolog>
1561 Specifies the text that novaboot puts at the beginning of the GRUB2 menu entry.
1563 =item -m, --make[=make command]
1565 Runs C<make> to build files that are not generated by novaboot itself.
1567 =item --name=I<string>
1569 Use the name I<string> instead of the name of the novaboot script.
1570 This name is used for things like a title of grub menu or for the
1571 server directory where the boot files are copied to.
1575 Do not run external commands to generate files (i.e. "<" syntax and
1576 C<run> keyword). This switch does not influence the generation of files
1577 specified with "<<WORD" syntax.
1579 =item -p, --pulsar[=mac]
1581 Generates pulsar bootloader configuration file named F<config-I<mac>>
1582 The I<mac> string is typically a MAC address and defaults to
1585 =item --scons[=scons command]
1587 Runs C<scons> to build files that are not generated by novaboot
1592 Strip I<rom://> prefix from command lines and generated config files.
1593 The I<rom://> prefix is used by NUL. For NRE, it has to be stripped.
1597 Exit novaboot after file generation phase.
1601 =head2 Target connection check
1603 In this phase novaboot connects to target's serial port (if it has
1604 one). If another novaboot user/instance occupies the target, novaboot
1605 exits here with an error message.
1609 =item --amt=I<"[user[:password]@]host[:port]>
1611 Use Intel AMT technology to control the target machine. WS management
1612 is used to powercycle it and Serial-Over-Lan (SOL) for input/output.
1613 The hostname or (IP address) is given by the I<host> parameter. If the
1614 I<password> is not specified, environment variable AMT_PASSWORD is
1615 used. The I<port> specifies a TCP port for SOL. If not specified, the
1616 default is 16992. The default I<user> is admin.
1618 =item --iprelay=I<addr[:port]>
1620 Use TCP/IP relay and serial port to access the target's serial port
1621 and powercycle it. The I<addr> parameter specifies the IP address of
1622 the relay. If I<port> is not specified, it defaults to 23.
1624 Note: This option is supposed to work with HWG-ER02a IP relays.
1626 =item -s, --serial[=device]
1628 Target's serial line is connected to host's serial line (device). The
1629 default value for device is F</dev/ttyUSB0>.
1631 The value of this option is exported in NB_NOVABOOT environment
1632 variable to all subprocesses run by C<novaboot>.
1634 =item --stty=I<settings>
1636 Specifies settings passed to C<stty> invoked on the serial line
1637 specified with B<--serial> option. If this option is not given,
1638 C<stty> is called with C<raw -crtscts -onlcr 115200> settings.
1640 =item --remote-cmd=I<cmd>
1642 Command that mediates connection to the target's serial line. For
1643 example C<ssh server 'cu -l /dev/ttyS0'>.
1645 =item --remote-expect=I<string>
1647 Wait for reception of I<string> after establishing the remote
1648 connection. This option is needed when novaboot should wait for
1649 confirmation before deploying files to the target, e.g. to not
1650 overwrite other user's files when they are using the target.
1652 =item --remote-expect-silent=I<string>
1654 The same as B<--remote-expect> except that the remote output is not
1655 echoed to stdout while waiting for the I<string>. Everything after the
1656 matched string is printed to stdout, so you may want to include line
1657 end characters in the I<string> as well.
1659 =item --remote-expect-timeout=I<seconds>
1661 Timeout in seconds for B<--remote-expect> or
1662 B<--remote-expect-seconds>. When negative, waits forever. The default
1667 =head2 File deployment phase
1669 In some setups, it is necessary to copy the files needed for booting
1670 to a particular location, e.g. to a TFTP boot server or to the
1675 =item -d, --dhcp-tftp
1677 Turns your workstation into a DHCP and TFTP server so that the OS can
1678 be booted via PXE BIOS (or similar mechanism) on the test machine
1679 directly connected by a plain Ethernet cable to your workstation.
1681 The DHCP and TFTP servers require root privileges and C<novaboot>
1682 uses C<sudo> command to obtain those. You can put the following to
1683 I</etc/sudoers> to allow running the necessary commands without asking
1686 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /bin/ip a add 10.23.23.1/24 dev eth0, /bin/ip l set dev eth0 up, /usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -cf dhcpd.conf -lf dhcpd.leases -pf dhcpd.pid, /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/touch dhcpd.leases, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=dhcpd.pid, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1687 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1691 Starts a TFTP server on your workstation. This is similar to
1692 B<--dhcp-tftp> except that DHCP server is not started.
1694 The TFTP server requires root privileges and C<novaboot> uses C<sudo>
1695 command to obtain those. You can put the following to I</etc/sudoers>
1696 to allow running the necessary commands without asking for a password.
1698 Cmnd_Alias NOVABOOT = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --secure -v -v -v --pidfile tftpd.pid *, /usr/bin/pkill --pidfile=tftpd.pid
1699 your_login ALL=NOPASSWD: NOVABOOT
1701 =item --tftp-port=I<port>
1703 Port to run the TFTP server on. Implies B<--tftp>.
1705 =item --netif=I<network interface>
1707 Network interface used to deploy files to the target. The default value is
1708 I<eth0>. This option influences the configuration of the DHCP server started
1709 by B<--dhcp-tftp> and the value that B<$NB_MYIP> get replaced with during
1710 U-Boot conversation.
1712 =item --iso[=filename]
1714 Generates the ISO image that boots NOVA system via GRUB. If no filename
1715 is given, the image is stored under I<NAME>.iso, where I<NAME> is the name
1716 of the novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1718 =item --server[=[[user@]server:]path]
1720 Copy all files needed for booting to another location. The files will
1721 be copied (by B<rsync> tool) to the directory I<path>. If the I<path>
1722 contains string $NAME, it will be replaced with the name of the
1723 novaboot script (see also B<--name>).
1725 =item --rsync-flags=I<flags>
1727 Specifies I<flags> to append to F<rsync> command line when
1728 copying files as a result of I<--server> option.
1732 If B<--server> is used and its value ends with $NAME, then after
1733 copying the files, a new bootloader configuration file (e.g. menu.lst)
1734 is created at I<path-wo-name>, i.e. the path specified by B<--server>
1735 with $NAME part removed. The content of the file is created by
1736 concatenating all files of the same name from all subdirectories of
1737 I<path-wo-name> found on the "server".
1741 Use Intel AMT technology for IDE redirection. This allows the target
1742 machine to boot from novaboot created ISO image. Implies B<--iso>.
1744 The experimental C<amtider> utility needed by this option can be
1745 obtained from https://github.com/wentasah/amtterm.
1749 =head2 Target power-on and reset phase
1751 At this point, the target is reset (or switched on/off). There are
1752 several ways how this can be accomplished. Resetting a physical target
1753 can currently be accomplished by the following options: B<--amt>,
1754 B<--iprelay>, B<--reset-cmd> and B<--reset-send>.
1760 Switch on/off the target machine and exit. The script (if any) is
1761 completely ignored. Currently, it works only with B<--iprelay> or
1764 =item -Q, --qemu[=I<qemu-binary>]
1766 Boot the configuration in qemu. Optionally, the name of qemu binary
1767 can be specified as a parameter.
1769 =item --qemu-append=I<flags>
1771 Append I<flags> to the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or
1772 C<-cpu coreduo -smp 2>).
1774 =item -q, --qemu-flags=I<flags>
1776 Replace the default qemu flags (QEMU_FLAGS variable or C<-cpu coreduo
1777 -smp 2>) with I<flags> specified here.
1779 =item --reset-cmd=I<cmd>
1781 Runs command I<cmd> to reset the target.
1783 =item --reset-send=I<string>
1785 Reset the target by sending the given I<string> to the remote serial
1786 line. "\n" sequences are replaced with the newline character.
1788 =item --no-reset, --reset
1790 Disable/enable resetting of the target.
1794 =head2 Interaction with the bootloader on the target
1798 =item --uboot[=I<prompt>]
1800 Interact with U-Boot bootloader to boot the thing described in the
1801 novaboot script. I<prompt> specifies the U-Boot's prompt (default is
1802 "=> ", other common prompts are "U-Boot> " or "U-Boot# ").
1806 Disable U-Boot interaction previously enabled with B<--uboot>.
1810 Command(s) to send the U-Boot bootloader before loading the images and
1811 booting them. This option can be given multiple times. After sending
1812 commands from each option novaboot waits for U-Boot I<prompt>.
1814 If the command contains string I<$NB_MYIP> then this string is
1815 replaced by IPv4 address of eth0 interface (see also B<--netif>).
1816 Similarly, I<$NB_PREFIX> is replaced with prefix given by B<--prefix>.
1818 See also C<uboot> keyword in L</"NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX">).
1820 =item --uboot-addr I<name>=I<address>
1822 Load address of U-Boot's C<tftpboot> command for loading I<name>,
1823 where name is one of I<kernel>, I<ramdisk> or I<fdt> (flattened device
1826 The default addresses are ${I<name>_addr_r}, i.e. U-Boot environment
1827 variables used by convention for this purpose.
1829 =item --uboot-cmd=I<command>
1831 Specifies U-Boot command used to execute the OS. If the command
1832 contains strings C<$kernel_addr>, C<$ramdisk_addr>, C<$fdt_addr>,
1833 these are replaced with the addresses configured with B<--uboot-addr>.
1835 The default value is
1837 bootm $kernel_addr $ramdisk_addr $fdt_addr
1839 or the C<UBOOT_CMD> variable if defined in the novaboot script.
1843 =head2 Target interaction phase
1845 In this phase, target's serial output is redirected to stdout and if
1846 stdin is a TTY, it is redirected to the target's serial input allowing
1847 interactive work with the target.
1851 =item --exiton=I<string>
1853 When the I<string> is sent by the target, novaboot exits. This option can
1854 be specified multiple times, in which case novaboot exits whenever
1855 either of the specified strings is sent.
1857 If the I<string> is C<-re>, then the next B<--exiton>'s I<string> is
1858 treated as a regular expression. For example:
1860 --exiton -re --exiton 'error:.*failed'
1862 =item --exiton-re=I<regex>
1864 The same as --exiton -re --exiton I<regex>.
1866 =item --exiton-timeout=I<seconds>
1868 By default B<--exiton> waits for the string match forever. When this
1869 option is specified, "exiton" timeouts after the specifies the number of
1870 seconds and novaboot returns non-zero exit code.
1872 =item -i, --interactive
1874 Setup things for the interactive use of the target. Your terminal will
1875 be switched to raw mode. In raw mode, your local terminal does not
1876 process input in any way (no echoing of entered characters, no
1877 interpretation of special characters). This, among others, means that
1878 Ctrl-C is passed to the target and does not interrupt novaboot. To
1879 exit from novaboot interactive mode type "~~.".
1881 =item --no-interaction, --interaction
1883 Skip resp. force target interaction phase. When skipped, novaboot exits
1884 immediately after the boot is initiated.
1886 =item --expect=I<string>
1888 When the I<string> is received from the target, send the string specified
1889 with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1891 =item --expect-re=I<regex>
1893 When target's output matches regular expression I<regex>, send the
1894 string specified with the subsequent B<--send*> option to the target.
1896 =item --expect-raw=I<perl-code>
1898 Provides direct control over Perl's Expect module.
1900 =item --send=I<string>
1902 Send I<string> to the target after the previously specified
1903 B<--expect*> was matched in the target's output. The I<string> may
1904 contain escape sequences such as "\n".
1906 Note that I<string> is actually interpreted by Perl, so it can contain
1907 much more that escape sequences. This behavior may change in the
1910 Example: C<--expect='login: ' --send='root\n'>
1912 =item --sendcont=I<string>
1914 Similar to B<--send> but continue expecting more input.
1916 Example: C<--expect='Continue?' --sendcont='yes\n'>
1918 =item --final-eol, --no-final-eol
1920 By default, B<novaboot> always prints an end-of-line character at the
1921 end of its execution in order to ensure that the output of programs
1922 started after novaboot appears at the beginning of the line. When this
1923 is not desired B<--no-final-eol> option can be used to override this
1928 =head1 NOVABOOT SCRIPT SYNTAX
1930 The syntax tries to mimic POSIX shell syntax. The syntax is defined
1931 by the following rules.
1933 Lines starting with "#" and empty lines are ignored.
1935 Lines that end with "\" are concatenated with the following line after
1936 removal of the final "\" and leading whitespace of the following line.
1938 Lines of the form I<VARIABLE=...> (i.e. matching '^[A-Z_]+=' regular
1939 expression) assign values to internal variables. See L</VARIABLES>
1942 Otherwise, the first word on the line defines the meaning of the line.
1943 The following keywords are supported:
1949 These lines represent modules to boot. The
1950 word after C<load> is a file name (relative to the build directory
1951 (see B<--build-dir>) of the module to load and the remaining words are
1952 passed to it as the command line parameters.
1954 When the C<load> line ends with "<<WORD" then the subsequent lines
1955 until the line containing solely WORD are copied literally to the file
1956 named on that line. This is similar to shell's heredoc feature.
1958 When the C<load> line ends with "< CMD" then command CMD is executed
1959 with F</bin/sh> and its standard output is stored in the file named on
1960 that line. The SRCDIR variable in CMD's environment is set to the
1961 absolute path of the directory containing the interpreted novaboot
1966 These lines are similar to C<load> lines. The
1967 file mentioned there is copied to the same place as in the case of C<load>
1968 (e.g. tftp server), but the file is not used in the bootloader
1969 configuration. Such a file can be used by the target for other
1970 purposes than booting, e.g. at OS runtime or for firmware update.
1974 Chainload another bootloader. Instead of loading multiboot modules
1975 identified with C<load> keyword, run another bootloader. This is
1976 currently supported only by pulsar and can be used to load e.g. Grub
1977 as in the example below:
1979 chld boot/grub/i386-pc/core.0
1984 Lines starting with C<run> keyword contain shell commands that are run
1985 during file generation phase. This is the same as the "< CMD" syntax
1986 for C<load> keyboard except that the command's output is not
1987 redirected to a file. The ordering of commands is the same as they
1988 appear in the novaboot script.
1992 These lines represent U-Boot commands that are sent to the target if
1993 B<--uboot> option is given. Having a U-Boot line in the novaboot
1994 script is the same as giving B<--uboot-init> option to novaboot. The
1995 following syntax variants are supported:
1998 uboot[:<timeout>] <string> [> <file>]
1999 uboot[:<timeout>] < <shell> [> <file>]
2001 C<string> is the literal U-Boot command.
2003 The C<uboot> keyword can be suffixed with timeout specification. The
2004 syntax is C<uboot:Ns>, where C<N> is the whole number of seconds. If
2005 the U-Boot command prompt does not appear before the timeout, novaboot
2006 fails. The default timeout is 10 seconds.
2008 In the second variant with the C<<> character the shell code is
2009 executed and its standard output is sent to U-Boot. Example:
2011 uboot < printf "mmc write \$loadaddr 1 %x" $(($(/usr/bin/stat -c%s rootfs.ext4) / 512))
2013 When C<E<gt> file> part is present, the output of the U-Boot command
2014 is written into the given file.
2020 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
2021 load bzImage console=ttyS0,115200
2022 run make -C buildroot
2023 load rootfs.cpio < gen_cpio buildroot/images/rootfs.cpio "myapp->/etc/init.d/S99myapp"
2025 Example (NOVA User Land - NUL):
2027 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
2028 WVDESC=Example program
2029 load bin/apps/sigma0.nul S0_DEFAULT script_start:1,1 \
2030 verbose hostkeyb:0,0x60,1,12,2
2031 load bin/apps/hello.nul
2032 load hello.nulconfig <<EOF
2033 sigma0::mem:16 name::/s0/log name::/s0/timer name::/s0/fs/rom ||
2034 rom://bin/apps/hello.nul
2037 This example will load three modules: F<sigma0.nul>, F<hello.nul> and
2038 F<hello.nulconfig>. sigma0 receives some command line parameters and
2039 F<hello.nulconfig> file is generated on the fly from the lines between
2040 C<<<EOF> and C<EOF>.
2042 Example (Zynq system update via U-Boot):
2044 #!/usr/bin/env novaboot
2048 # Write kernel to FAT filesystem on the 1st SD card partition
2049 run mkimage -f uboot-image.its image.ub
2051 uboot:60s tftpboot ${loadaddr} $NB_PREFIX/image.ub
2052 uboot fatwrite mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} image.ub $filesize
2053 uboot set bootargs console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2
2055 # Write root FS image to the 2nd SD card partition
2056 copy rootfs/images/rootfs.ext4
2057 uboot:60s tftpboot ${loadaddr} $NB_PREFIX/rootfs/images/rootfs.ext4
2058 uboot mmc part > mmc-part.txt
2059 uboot < printf "mmc write \$loadaddr %x %x" $(awk '{ if ($1 == "2") { print $2 }}' mmc-part.txt) $(($(/usr/bin/stat -L --printf=%s rootfs/images/rootfs.ext4) / 512))
2066 The following variables are interpreted in the novaboot script:
2072 Novaboot chdir()s to this directory before file generation phase. The
2073 directory name specified here is relative to the build directory
2074 specified by other means (see L</--build-dir>).
2078 Assigning this variable has the same effect as specifying L</--exiton>
2081 =item HYPERVISOR_PARAMS
2083 Parameters passed to the hypervisor. The default value is "serial", unless
2084 overridden in the configuration file.
2088 The kernel to use instead of the hypervisor specified in the
2089 configuration file with the C<$hypervisor> variable. The value should
2090 contain the name of the kernel image as well as its command line
2091 parameters. If this variable is defined and non-empty, the variable
2092 HYPERVISOR_PARAMS is not used.
2096 If this variable is 1, the system is not booted. This is currently
2097 only implemented for U-Boot bootloader where it is useful for
2098 interacting with the bootloader without booting the system - e.g. for
2103 Use a specific qemu binary (can be overridden with B<-Q>) and flags
2104 when booting this script under qemu. If QEMU_FLAGS variable is also
2105 specified flags specified in QEMU variable are replaced by those in
2110 Use specific qemu flags (can be overridden with B<-q>).
2114 See L</--uboot-cmd>.
2118 Description of the WvTest-compliant program.
2120 =item WVTEST_TIMEOUT
2122 The timeout in seconds for WvTest harness. If no complete line appears
2123 in the test output within the time specified here, the test fails. It
2124 is necessary to specify this for long running tests that produce no
2125 intermediate output.
2129 =head1 CONFIGURATION FILES
2131 Novaboot can read its configuration from one or more files. By
2132 default, novaboot looks for files in F</etc/novaboot.d>, file
2133 F<~/.config/novaboot> and files named F<.novaboot> as described in
2134 L</Configuration reading phase>. Alternatively, configuration file
2135 location can be specified with the B<-c> switch or with the
2136 NOVABOOT_CONFIG environment variable. The configuration file has Perl
2137 syntax (i.e. it is better to put C<1;> as the last line) and should set
2138 values of certain Perl variables. The current configuration can be
2139 dumped with the B<--dump-config> switch. Some configuration variables
2140 can be overridden by environment variables (see below) or by command
2143 Supported configuration variables include:
2149 Build directory location relative to the location of the configuration
2152 =item $default_target
2154 Default target (see below) to use when no target is explicitly
2155 specified with the B<--target> command line option or
2156 B<NOVABOOT_TARGET> environment variable.
2160 Hash of target definitions to be used with the B<--target> option. The
2161 key is the identifier of the target, the value is the string with
2162 command line options. For instance, if the configuration file contains:
2164 $targets{'mybox'} = '--server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub',
2166 then the following two commands are equivalent:
2168 ./myos --server=boot:/tftproot --serial=/dev/ttyUSB0 --grub
2173 =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
2175 Some options can be specified not only via config file or command line
2176 but also through environment variables. Environment variables override
2177 the values from the configuration file and command line parameters
2178 override the environment variables.
2182 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG
2184 Name of the novaboot configuration file to use instead of the default
2187 =item NOVABOOT_CONFIG_DIR
2189 Name of the novaboot configuration directory. When not specified
2190 F</etc/novaboot.d> is used.
2192 =item NOVABOOT_TARGET
2194 Name of the novaboot target to use. This overrides the value of
2195 B<$default_target> from the configuration file and can be overridden
2196 with the B<--target> command line option.
2198 =item NOVABOOT_BENDER
2200 Defining this variable has the same effect as using B<--bender>
2207 Michal Sojka <sojka@os.inf.tu-dresden.de>
2209 Latest novaboot version can be found at
2210 L<https://github.com/wentasah/novaboot>.
2214 # LocalWords: novaboot Novaboot NOVABOOT TFTP PXE DHCP filename stty
2215 # LocalWords: chainloader stdout Qemu qemu preprocessing ISOLINUX bootable
2216 # LocalWords: config subprocesses sudo sudoers tftp dhcp IDE stdin
2217 # LocalWords: subdirectories TTY whitespace heredoc POSIX WvTest