2 * Physical memory management
4 * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
7 * Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
10 * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
12 * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
13 * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
16 #include "exec/memory.h"
17 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
18 #include "exec/ioport.h"
19 #include "qemu/bitops.h"
20 #include "qom/object.h"
24 #include "exec/memory-internal.h"
25 #include "exec/ram_addr.h"
26 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
28 //#define DEBUG_UNASSIGNED
30 static unsigned memory_region_transaction_depth;
31 static bool memory_region_update_pending;
32 static bool ioeventfd_update_pending;
33 static bool global_dirty_log = false;
35 /* flat_view_mutex is taken around reading as->current_map; the critical
36 * section is extremely short, so I'm using a single mutex for every AS.
37 * We could also RCU for the read-side.
39 * The BQL is taken around transaction commits, hence both locks are taken
40 * while writing to as->current_map (with the BQL taken outside).
42 static QemuMutex flat_view_mutex;
44 static QTAILQ_HEAD(memory_listeners, MemoryListener) memory_listeners
45 = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(memory_listeners);
47 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, AddressSpace) address_spaces
48 = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(address_spaces);
50 static void memory_init(void)
52 qemu_mutex_init(&flat_view_mutex);
55 typedef struct AddrRange AddrRange;
58 * Note using signed integers limits us to physical addresses at most
59 * 63 bits wide. They are needed for negative offsetting in aliases
60 * (large MemoryRegion::alias_offset).
67 static AddrRange addrrange_make(Int128 start, Int128 size)
69 return (AddrRange) { start, size };
72 static bool addrrange_equal(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2)
74 return int128_eq(r1.start, r2.start) && int128_eq(r1.size, r2.size);
77 static Int128 addrrange_end(AddrRange r)
79 return int128_add(r.start, r.size);
82 static AddrRange addrrange_shift(AddrRange range, Int128 delta)
84 int128_addto(&range.start, delta);
88 static bool addrrange_contains(AddrRange range, Int128 addr)
90 return int128_ge(addr, range.start)
91 && int128_lt(addr, addrrange_end(range));
94 static bool addrrange_intersects(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2)
96 return addrrange_contains(r1, r2.start)
97 || addrrange_contains(r2, r1.start);
100 static AddrRange addrrange_intersection(AddrRange r1, AddrRange r2)
102 Int128 start = int128_max(r1.start, r2.start);
103 Int128 end = int128_min(addrrange_end(r1), addrrange_end(r2));
104 return addrrange_make(start, int128_sub(end, start));
107 enum ListenerDirection { Forward, Reverse };
109 static bool memory_listener_match(MemoryListener *listener,
110 MemoryRegionSection *section)
112 return !listener->address_space_filter
113 || listener->address_space_filter == section->address_space;
116 #define MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(_callback, _direction, _args...) \
118 MemoryListener *_listener; \
120 switch (_direction) { \
122 QTAILQ_FOREACH(_listener, &memory_listeners, link) { \
123 if (_listener->_callback) { \
124 _listener->_callback(_listener, ##_args); \
129 QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(_listener, &memory_listeners, \
130 memory_listeners, link) { \
131 if (_listener->_callback) { \
132 _listener->_callback(_listener, ##_args); \
141 #define MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(_callback, _direction, _section, _args...) \
143 MemoryListener *_listener; \
145 switch (_direction) { \
147 QTAILQ_FOREACH(_listener, &memory_listeners, link) { \
148 if (_listener->_callback \
149 && memory_listener_match(_listener, _section)) { \
150 _listener->_callback(_listener, _section, ##_args); \
155 QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(_listener, &memory_listeners, \
156 memory_listeners, link) { \
157 if (_listener->_callback \
158 && memory_listener_match(_listener, _section)) { \
159 _listener->_callback(_listener, _section, ##_args); \
168 /* No need to ref/unref .mr, the FlatRange keeps it alive. */
169 #define MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, dir, callback) \
170 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(callback, dir, (&(MemoryRegionSection) { \
172 .address_space = (as), \
173 .offset_within_region = (fr)->offset_in_region, \
174 .size = (fr)->addr.size, \
175 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64((fr)->addr.start), \
176 .readonly = (fr)->readonly, \
179 struct CoalescedMemoryRange {
181 QTAILQ_ENTRY(CoalescedMemoryRange) link;
184 struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd {
191 static bool memory_region_ioeventfd_before(MemoryRegionIoeventfd a,
192 MemoryRegionIoeventfd b)
194 if (int128_lt(a.addr.start, b.addr.start)) {
196 } else if (int128_gt(a.addr.start, b.addr.start)) {
198 } else if (int128_lt(a.addr.size, b.addr.size)) {
200 } else if (int128_gt(a.addr.size, b.addr.size)) {
202 } else if (a.match_data < b.match_data) {
204 } else if (a.match_data > b.match_data) {
206 } else if (a.match_data) {
207 if (a.data < b.data) {
209 } else if (a.data > b.data) {
215 } else if (a.e > b.e) {
221 static bool memory_region_ioeventfd_equal(MemoryRegionIoeventfd a,
222 MemoryRegionIoeventfd b)
224 return !memory_region_ioeventfd_before(a, b)
225 && !memory_region_ioeventfd_before(b, a);
228 typedef struct FlatRange FlatRange;
229 typedef struct FlatView FlatView;
231 /* Range of memory in the global map. Addresses are absolute. */
234 hwaddr offset_in_region;
236 uint8_t dirty_log_mask;
241 /* Flattened global view of current active memory hierarchy. Kept in sorted
248 unsigned nr_allocated;
251 typedef struct AddressSpaceOps AddressSpaceOps;
253 #define FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(var, view) \
254 for (var = (view)->ranges; var < (view)->ranges + (view)->nr; ++var)
256 static bool flatrange_equal(FlatRange *a, FlatRange *b)
258 return a->mr == b->mr
259 && addrrange_equal(a->addr, b->addr)
260 && a->offset_in_region == b->offset_in_region
261 && a->romd_mode == b->romd_mode
262 && a->readonly == b->readonly;
265 static void flatview_init(FlatView *view)
270 view->nr_allocated = 0;
273 /* Insert a range into a given position. Caller is responsible for maintaining
276 static void flatview_insert(FlatView *view, unsigned pos, FlatRange *range)
278 if (view->nr == view->nr_allocated) {
279 view->nr_allocated = MAX(2 * view->nr, 10);
280 view->ranges = g_realloc(view->ranges,
281 view->nr_allocated * sizeof(*view->ranges));
283 memmove(view->ranges + pos + 1, view->ranges + pos,
284 (view->nr - pos) * sizeof(FlatRange));
285 view->ranges[pos] = *range;
286 memory_region_ref(range->mr);
290 static void flatview_destroy(FlatView *view)
294 for (i = 0; i < view->nr; i++) {
295 memory_region_unref(view->ranges[i].mr);
297 g_free(view->ranges);
301 static void flatview_ref(FlatView *view)
303 atomic_inc(&view->ref);
306 static void flatview_unref(FlatView *view)
308 if (atomic_fetch_dec(&view->ref) == 1) {
309 flatview_destroy(view);
313 static bool can_merge(FlatRange *r1, FlatRange *r2)
315 return int128_eq(addrrange_end(r1->addr), r2->addr.start)
317 && int128_eq(int128_add(int128_make64(r1->offset_in_region),
319 int128_make64(r2->offset_in_region))
320 && r1->dirty_log_mask == r2->dirty_log_mask
321 && r1->romd_mode == r2->romd_mode
322 && r1->readonly == r2->readonly;
325 /* Attempt to simplify a view by merging adjacent ranges */
326 static void flatview_simplify(FlatView *view)
331 while (i < view->nr) {
334 && can_merge(&view->ranges[j-1], &view->ranges[j])) {
335 int128_addto(&view->ranges[i].addr.size, view->ranges[j].addr.size);
339 memmove(&view->ranges[i], &view->ranges[j],
340 (view->nr - j) * sizeof(view->ranges[j]));
345 static bool memory_region_big_endian(MemoryRegion *mr)
347 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
348 return mr->ops->endianness != DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
350 return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN;
354 static bool memory_region_wrong_endianness(MemoryRegion *mr)
356 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
357 return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
359 return mr->ops->endianness == DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN;
363 static void adjust_endianness(MemoryRegion *mr, uint64_t *data, unsigned size)
365 if (memory_region_wrong_endianness(mr)) {
370 *data = bswap16(*data);
373 *data = bswap32(*data);
376 *data = bswap64(*data);
384 static void memory_region_oldmmio_read_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
393 tmp = mr->ops->old_mmio.read[ctz32(size)](mr->opaque, addr);
394 trace_memory_region_ops_read(mr, addr, tmp, size);
395 *value |= (tmp & mask) << shift;
398 static void memory_region_read_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
407 if (mr->flush_coalesced_mmio) {
408 qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
410 tmp = mr->ops->read(mr->opaque, addr, size);
411 trace_memory_region_ops_read(mr, addr, tmp, size);
412 *value |= (tmp & mask) << shift;
415 static void memory_region_oldmmio_write_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
424 tmp = (*value >> shift) & mask;
425 trace_memory_region_ops_write(mr, addr, tmp, size);
426 mr->ops->old_mmio.write[ctz32(size)](mr->opaque, addr, tmp);
429 static void memory_region_write_accessor(MemoryRegion *mr,
438 if (mr->flush_coalesced_mmio) {
439 qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
441 tmp = (*value >> shift) & mask;
442 trace_memory_region_ops_write(mr, addr, tmp, size);
443 mr->ops->write(mr->opaque, addr, tmp, size);
446 static void access_with_adjusted_size(hwaddr addr,
449 unsigned access_size_min,
450 unsigned access_size_max,
451 void (*access)(MemoryRegion *mr,
459 uint64_t access_mask;
460 unsigned access_size;
463 if (!access_size_min) {
466 if (!access_size_max) {
470 /* FIXME: support unaligned access? */
471 access_size = MAX(MIN(size, access_size_max), access_size_min);
472 access_mask = -1ULL >> (64 - access_size * 8);
473 if (memory_region_big_endian(mr)) {
474 for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) {
475 access(mr, addr + i, value, access_size,
476 (size - access_size - i) * 8, access_mask);
479 for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) {
480 access(mr, addr + i, value, access_size, i * 8, access_mask);
485 static AddressSpace *memory_region_to_address_space(MemoryRegion *mr)
489 while (mr->container) {
492 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
493 if (mr == as->root) {
500 /* Render a memory region into the global view. Ranges in @view obscure
503 static void render_memory_region(FlatView *view,
509 MemoryRegion *subregion;
511 hwaddr offset_in_region;
521 int128_addto(&base, int128_make64(mr->addr));
522 readonly |= mr->readonly;
524 tmp = addrrange_make(base, mr->size);
526 if (!addrrange_intersects(tmp, clip)) {
530 clip = addrrange_intersection(tmp, clip);
533 int128_subfrom(&base, int128_make64(mr->alias->addr));
534 int128_subfrom(&base, int128_make64(mr->alias_offset));
535 render_memory_region(view, mr->alias, base, clip, readonly);
539 /* Render subregions in priority order. */
540 QTAILQ_FOREACH(subregion, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
541 render_memory_region(view, subregion, base, clip, readonly);
544 if (!mr->terminates) {
548 offset_in_region = int128_get64(int128_sub(clip.start, base));
553 fr.dirty_log_mask = mr->dirty_log_mask;
554 fr.romd_mode = mr->romd_mode;
555 fr.readonly = readonly;
557 /* Render the region itself into any gaps left by the current view. */
558 for (i = 0; i < view->nr && int128_nz(remain); ++i) {
559 if (int128_ge(base, addrrange_end(view->ranges[i].addr))) {
562 if (int128_lt(base, view->ranges[i].addr.start)) {
563 now = int128_min(remain,
564 int128_sub(view->ranges[i].addr.start, base));
565 fr.offset_in_region = offset_in_region;
566 fr.addr = addrrange_make(base, now);
567 flatview_insert(view, i, &fr);
569 int128_addto(&base, now);
570 offset_in_region += int128_get64(now);
571 int128_subfrom(&remain, now);
573 now = int128_sub(int128_min(int128_add(base, remain),
574 addrrange_end(view->ranges[i].addr)),
576 int128_addto(&base, now);
577 offset_in_region += int128_get64(now);
578 int128_subfrom(&remain, now);
580 if (int128_nz(remain)) {
581 fr.offset_in_region = offset_in_region;
582 fr.addr = addrrange_make(base, remain);
583 flatview_insert(view, i, &fr);
587 /* Render a memory topology into a list of disjoint absolute ranges. */
588 static FlatView *generate_memory_topology(MemoryRegion *mr)
592 view = g_new(FlatView, 1);
596 render_memory_region(view, mr, int128_zero(),
597 addrrange_make(int128_zero(), int128_2_64()), false);
599 flatview_simplify(view);
604 static void address_space_add_del_ioeventfds(AddressSpace *as,
605 MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fds_new,
607 MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fds_old,
611 MemoryRegionIoeventfd *fd;
612 MemoryRegionSection section;
614 /* Generate a symmetric difference of the old and new fd sets, adding
615 * and deleting as necessary.
619 while (iold < fds_old_nb || inew < fds_new_nb) {
620 if (iold < fds_old_nb
621 && (inew == fds_new_nb
622 || memory_region_ioeventfd_before(fds_old[iold],
625 section = (MemoryRegionSection) {
627 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fd->addr.start),
628 .size = fd->addr.size,
630 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(eventfd_del, Forward, §ion,
631 fd->match_data, fd->data, fd->e);
633 } else if (inew < fds_new_nb
634 && (iold == fds_old_nb
635 || memory_region_ioeventfd_before(fds_new[inew],
638 section = (MemoryRegionSection) {
640 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fd->addr.start),
641 .size = fd->addr.size,
643 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(eventfd_add, Reverse, §ion,
644 fd->match_data, fd->data, fd->e);
653 static FlatView *address_space_get_flatview(AddressSpace *as)
657 qemu_mutex_lock(&flat_view_mutex);
658 view = as->current_map;
660 qemu_mutex_unlock(&flat_view_mutex);
664 static void address_space_update_ioeventfds(AddressSpace *as)
668 unsigned ioeventfd_nb = 0;
669 MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds = NULL;
673 view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
674 FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
675 for (i = 0; i < fr->mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) {
676 tmp = addrrange_shift(fr->mr->ioeventfds[i].addr,
677 int128_sub(fr->addr.start,
678 int128_make64(fr->offset_in_region)));
679 if (addrrange_intersects(fr->addr, tmp)) {
681 ioeventfds = g_realloc(ioeventfds,
682 ioeventfd_nb * sizeof(*ioeventfds));
683 ioeventfds[ioeventfd_nb-1] = fr->mr->ioeventfds[i];
684 ioeventfds[ioeventfd_nb-1].addr = tmp;
689 address_space_add_del_ioeventfds(as, ioeventfds, ioeventfd_nb,
690 as->ioeventfds, as->ioeventfd_nb);
692 g_free(as->ioeventfds);
693 as->ioeventfds = ioeventfds;
694 as->ioeventfd_nb = ioeventfd_nb;
695 flatview_unref(view);
698 static void address_space_update_topology_pass(AddressSpace *as,
699 const FlatView *old_view,
700 const FlatView *new_view,
704 FlatRange *frold, *frnew;
706 /* Generate a symmetric difference of the old and new memory maps.
707 * Kill ranges in the old map, and instantiate ranges in the new map.
710 while (iold < old_view->nr || inew < new_view->nr) {
711 if (iold < old_view->nr) {
712 frold = &old_view->ranges[iold];
716 if (inew < new_view->nr) {
717 frnew = &new_view->ranges[inew];
724 || int128_lt(frold->addr.start, frnew->addr.start)
725 || (int128_eq(frold->addr.start, frnew->addr.start)
726 && !flatrange_equal(frold, frnew)))) {
727 /* In old but not in new, or in both but attributes changed. */
730 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frold, as, Reverse, region_del);
734 } else if (frold && frnew && flatrange_equal(frold, frnew)) {
735 /* In both and unchanged (except logging may have changed) */
738 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, region_nop);
739 if (frold->dirty_log_mask && !frnew->dirty_log_mask) {
740 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Reverse, log_stop);
741 } else if (frnew->dirty_log_mask && !frold->dirty_log_mask) {
742 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, log_start);
752 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(frnew, as, Forward, region_add);
761 static void address_space_update_topology(AddressSpace *as)
763 FlatView *old_view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
764 FlatView *new_view = generate_memory_topology(as->root);
766 address_space_update_topology_pass(as, old_view, new_view, false);
767 address_space_update_topology_pass(as, old_view, new_view, true);
769 qemu_mutex_lock(&flat_view_mutex);
770 flatview_unref(as->current_map);
771 as->current_map = new_view;
772 qemu_mutex_unlock(&flat_view_mutex);
774 /* Note that all the old MemoryRegions are still alive up to this
775 * point. This relieves most MemoryListeners from the need to
776 * ref/unref the MemoryRegions they get---unless they use them
777 * outside the iothread mutex, in which case precise reference
778 * counting is necessary.
780 flatview_unref(old_view);
782 address_space_update_ioeventfds(as);
785 void memory_region_transaction_begin(void)
787 qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
788 ++memory_region_transaction_depth;
791 static void memory_region_clear_pending(void)
793 memory_region_update_pending = false;
794 ioeventfd_update_pending = false;
797 void memory_region_transaction_commit(void)
801 assert(memory_region_transaction_depth);
802 --memory_region_transaction_depth;
803 if (!memory_region_transaction_depth) {
804 if (memory_region_update_pending) {
805 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(begin, Forward);
807 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
808 address_space_update_topology(as);
811 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(commit, Forward);
812 } else if (ioeventfd_update_pending) {
813 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
814 address_space_update_ioeventfds(as);
817 memory_region_clear_pending();
821 static void memory_region_destructor_none(MemoryRegion *mr)
825 static void memory_region_destructor_ram(MemoryRegion *mr)
827 qemu_ram_free(mr->ram_addr);
830 static void memory_region_destructor_alias(MemoryRegion *mr)
832 memory_region_unref(mr->alias);
835 static void memory_region_destructor_ram_from_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr)
837 qemu_ram_free_from_ptr(mr->ram_addr);
840 static void memory_region_destructor_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr)
842 qemu_ram_free(mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
845 void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion *mr,
850 mr->ops = &unassigned_mem_ops;
853 mr->iommu_ops = NULL;
854 mr->container = NULL;
855 mr->size = int128_make64(size);
856 if (size == UINT64_MAX) {
857 mr->size = int128_2_64();
862 mr->terminates = false;
864 mr->romd_mode = true;
865 mr->readonly = false;
866 mr->rom_device = false;
867 mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_none;
869 mr->may_overlap = false;
871 QTAILQ_INIT(&mr->subregions);
872 memset(&mr->subregions_link, 0, sizeof mr->subregions_link);
873 QTAILQ_INIT(&mr->coalesced);
874 mr->name = g_strdup(name);
875 mr->dirty_log_mask = 0;
876 mr->ioeventfd_nb = 0;
877 mr->ioeventfds = NULL;
878 mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = false;
881 static uint64_t unassigned_mem_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
884 #ifdef DEBUG_UNASSIGNED
885 printf("Unassigned mem read " TARGET_FMT_plx "\n", addr);
887 if (current_cpu != NULL) {
888 cpu_unassigned_access(current_cpu, addr, false, false, 0, size);
893 static void unassigned_mem_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
894 uint64_t val, unsigned size)
896 #ifdef DEBUG_UNASSIGNED
897 printf("Unassigned mem write " TARGET_FMT_plx " = 0x%"PRIx64"\n", addr, val);
899 if (current_cpu != NULL) {
900 cpu_unassigned_access(current_cpu, addr, true, false, 0, size);
904 static bool unassigned_mem_accepts(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
905 unsigned size, bool is_write)
910 const MemoryRegionOps unassigned_mem_ops = {
911 .valid.accepts = unassigned_mem_accepts,
912 .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
915 bool memory_region_access_valid(MemoryRegion *mr,
920 int access_size_min, access_size_max;
923 if (!mr->ops->valid.unaligned && (addr & (size - 1))) {
927 if (!mr->ops->valid.accepts) {
931 access_size_min = mr->ops->valid.min_access_size;
932 if (!mr->ops->valid.min_access_size) {
936 access_size_max = mr->ops->valid.max_access_size;
937 if (!mr->ops->valid.max_access_size) {
941 access_size = MAX(MIN(size, access_size_max), access_size_min);
942 for (i = 0; i < size; i += access_size) {
943 if (!mr->ops->valid.accepts(mr->opaque, addr + i, access_size,
952 static uint64_t memory_region_dispatch_read1(MemoryRegion *mr,
959 access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size,
960 mr->ops->impl.min_access_size,
961 mr->ops->impl.max_access_size,
962 memory_region_read_accessor, mr);
964 access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, 1, 4,
965 memory_region_oldmmio_read_accessor, mr);
971 static bool memory_region_dispatch_read(MemoryRegion *mr,
976 if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, addr, size, false)) {
977 *pval = unassigned_mem_read(mr, addr, size);
981 *pval = memory_region_dispatch_read1(mr, addr, size);
982 adjust_endianness(mr, pval, size);
986 static bool memory_region_dispatch_write(MemoryRegion *mr,
991 if (!memory_region_access_valid(mr, addr, size, true)) {
992 unassigned_mem_write(mr, addr, data, size);
996 adjust_endianness(mr, &data, size);
998 if (mr->ops->write) {
999 access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size,
1000 mr->ops->impl.min_access_size,
1001 mr->ops->impl.max_access_size,
1002 memory_region_write_accessor, mr);
1004 access_with_adjusted_size(addr, &data, size, 1, 4,
1005 memory_region_oldmmio_write_accessor, mr);
1010 void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
1012 const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
1017 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1019 mr->opaque = opaque;
1020 mr->terminates = true;
1021 mr->ram_addr = ~(ram_addr_t)0;
1024 void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
1029 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1031 mr->terminates = true;
1032 mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
1033 mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr);
1037 void memory_region_init_ram_from_file(MemoryRegion *mr,
1038 struct Object *owner,
1045 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1047 mr->terminates = true;
1048 mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram;
1049 mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc_from_file(size, mr, share, path, errp);
1053 void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
1059 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1061 mr->terminates = true;
1062 mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_ram_from_ptr;
1063 mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr(size, ptr, mr);
1066 void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
1073 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1074 memory_region_ref(orig);
1075 mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_alias;
1077 mr->alias_offset = offset;
1080 void memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr,
1082 const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
1087 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1089 mr->opaque = opaque;
1090 mr->terminates = true;
1091 mr->rom_device = true;
1092 mr->destructor = memory_region_destructor_rom_device;
1093 mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr);
1096 void memory_region_init_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr,
1098 const MemoryRegionIOMMUOps *ops,
1102 memory_region_init(mr, owner, name, size);
1103 mr->iommu_ops = ops,
1104 mr->terminates = true; /* then re-forwards */
1105 notifier_list_init(&mr->iommu_notify);
1108 void memory_region_init_reservation(MemoryRegion *mr,
1113 memory_region_init_io(mr, owner, &unassigned_mem_ops, mr, name, size);
1116 void memory_region_destroy(MemoryRegion *mr)
1118 assert(QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->subregions));
1119 assert(memory_region_transaction_depth == 0);
1121 memory_region_clear_coalescing(mr);
1122 g_free((char *)mr->name);
1123 g_free(mr->ioeventfds);
1126 Object *memory_region_owner(MemoryRegion *mr)
1131 void memory_region_ref(MemoryRegion *mr)
1133 if (mr && mr->owner) {
1134 object_ref(mr->owner);
1138 void memory_region_unref(MemoryRegion *mr)
1140 if (mr && mr->owner) {
1141 object_unref(mr->owner);
1145 uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr)
1147 if (int128_eq(mr->size, int128_2_64())) {
1150 return int128_get64(mr->size);
1153 const char *memory_region_name(MemoryRegion *mr)
1158 bool memory_region_is_ram(MemoryRegion *mr)
1163 bool memory_region_is_logging(MemoryRegion *mr)
1165 return mr->dirty_log_mask;
1168 bool memory_region_is_rom(MemoryRegion *mr)
1170 return mr->ram && mr->readonly;
1173 bool memory_region_is_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr)
1175 return mr->iommu_ops;
1178 void memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(MemoryRegion *mr, Notifier *n)
1180 notifier_list_add(&mr->iommu_notify, n);
1183 void memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(Notifier *n)
1188 void memory_region_notify_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr,
1189 IOMMUTLBEntry entry)
1191 assert(memory_region_is_iommu(mr));
1192 notifier_list_notify(&mr->iommu_notify, &entry);
1195 void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion *mr, bool log, unsigned client)
1197 uint8_t mask = 1 << client;
1199 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1200 mr->dirty_log_mask = (mr->dirty_log_mask & ~mask) | (log * mask);
1201 memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1202 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1205 bool memory_region_get_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1206 hwaddr size, unsigned client)
1208 assert(mr->terminates);
1209 return cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1212 void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1215 assert(mr->terminates);
1216 cpu_physical_memory_set_dirty_range(mr->ram_addr + addr, size);
1219 bool memory_region_test_and_clear_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1220 hwaddr size, unsigned client)
1223 assert(mr->terminates);
1224 ret = cpu_physical_memory_get_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1226 cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1232 void memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *mr)
1237 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1238 FlatView *view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1239 FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1241 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, Forward, log_sync);
1244 flatview_unref(view);
1248 void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly)
1250 if (mr->readonly != readonly) {
1251 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1252 mr->readonly = readonly;
1253 memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1254 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1258 void memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(MemoryRegion *mr, bool romd_mode)
1260 if (mr->romd_mode != romd_mode) {
1261 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1262 mr->romd_mode = romd_mode;
1263 memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1264 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1268 void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1269 hwaddr size, unsigned client)
1271 assert(mr->terminates);
1272 cpu_physical_memory_reset_dirty(mr->ram_addr + addr, size, client);
1275 int memory_region_get_fd(MemoryRegion *mr)
1278 return memory_region_get_fd(mr->alias);
1281 assert(mr->terminates);
1283 return qemu_get_ram_fd(mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
1286 void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr)
1289 return memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mr->alias) + mr->alias_offset;
1292 assert(mr->terminates);
1294 return qemu_get_ram_ptr(mr->ram_addr & TARGET_PAGE_MASK);
1297 static void memory_region_update_coalesced_range_as(MemoryRegion *mr, AddressSpace *as)
1301 CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr;
1303 MemoryRegionSection section;
1305 view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1306 FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1308 section = (MemoryRegionSection) {
1309 .address_space = as,
1310 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fr->addr.start),
1311 .size = fr->addr.size,
1314 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(coalesced_mmio_del, Reverse, §ion,
1315 int128_get64(fr->addr.start),
1316 int128_get64(fr->addr.size));
1317 QTAILQ_FOREACH(cmr, &mr->coalesced, link) {
1318 tmp = addrrange_shift(cmr->addr,
1319 int128_sub(fr->addr.start,
1320 int128_make64(fr->offset_in_region)));
1321 if (!addrrange_intersects(tmp, fr->addr)) {
1324 tmp = addrrange_intersection(tmp, fr->addr);
1325 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL(coalesced_mmio_add, Forward, §ion,
1326 int128_get64(tmp.start),
1327 int128_get64(tmp.size));
1331 flatview_unref(view);
1334 static void memory_region_update_coalesced_range(MemoryRegion *mr)
1338 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1339 memory_region_update_coalesced_range_as(mr, as);
1343 void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr)
1345 memory_region_clear_coalescing(mr);
1346 memory_region_add_coalescing(mr, 0, int128_get64(mr->size));
1349 void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr,
1353 CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr = g_malloc(sizeof(*cmr));
1355 cmr->addr = addrrange_make(int128_make64(offset), int128_make64(size));
1356 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mr->coalesced, cmr, link);
1357 memory_region_update_coalesced_range(mr);
1358 memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(mr);
1361 void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr)
1363 CoalescedMemoryRange *cmr;
1364 bool updated = false;
1366 qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
1367 mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = false;
1369 while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->coalesced)) {
1370 cmr = QTAILQ_FIRST(&mr->coalesced);
1371 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mr->coalesced, cmr, link);
1377 memory_region_update_coalesced_range(mr);
1381 void memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr)
1383 mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = true;
1386 void memory_region_clear_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr)
1388 qemu_flush_coalesced_mmio_buffer();
1389 if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&mr->coalesced)) {
1390 mr->flush_coalesced_mmio = false;
1394 void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
1401 MemoryRegionIoeventfd mrfd = {
1402 .addr.start = int128_make64(addr),
1403 .addr.size = int128_make64(size),
1404 .match_data = match_data,
1410 adjust_endianness(mr, &mrfd.data, size);
1411 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1412 for (i = 0; i < mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) {
1413 if (memory_region_ioeventfd_before(mrfd, mr->ioeventfds[i])) {
1418 mr->ioeventfds = g_realloc(mr->ioeventfds,
1419 sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * mr->ioeventfd_nb);
1420 memmove(&mr->ioeventfds[i+1], &mr->ioeventfds[i],
1421 sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * (mr->ioeventfd_nb-1 - i));
1422 mr->ioeventfds[i] = mrfd;
1423 ioeventfd_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1424 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1427 void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
1434 MemoryRegionIoeventfd mrfd = {
1435 .addr.start = int128_make64(addr),
1436 .addr.size = int128_make64(size),
1437 .match_data = match_data,
1443 adjust_endianness(mr, &mrfd.data, size);
1444 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1445 for (i = 0; i < mr->ioeventfd_nb; ++i) {
1446 if (memory_region_ioeventfd_equal(mrfd, mr->ioeventfds[i])) {
1450 assert(i != mr->ioeventfd_nb);
1451 memmove(&mr->ioeventfds[i], &mr->ioeventfds[i+1],
1452 sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds) * (mr->ioeventfd_nb - (i+1)));
1454 mr->ioeventfds = g_realloc(mr->ioeventfds,
1455 sizeof(*mr->ioeventfds)*mr->ioeventfd_nb + 1);
1456 ioeventfd_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1457 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1460 static void memory_region_update_container_subregions(MemoryRegion *subregion)
1462 hwaddr offset = subregion->addr;
1463 MemoryRegion *mr = subregion->container;
1464 MemoryRegion *other;
1466 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1468 memory_region_ref(subregion);
1469 QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
1470 if (subregion->may_overlap || other->may_overlap) {
1473 if (int128_ge(int128_make64(offset),
1474 int128_add(int128_make64(other->addr), other->size))
1475 || int128_le(int128_add(int128_make64(offset), subregion->size),
1476 int128_make64(other->addr))) {
1480 printf("warning: subregion collision %llx/%llx (%s) "
1481 "vs %llx/%llx (%s)\n",
1482 (unsigned long long)offset,
1483 (unsigned long long)int128_get64(subregion->size),
1485 (unsigned long long)other->addr,
1486 (unsigned long long)int128_get64(other->size),
1490 QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
1491 if (subregion->priority >= other->priority) {
1492 QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(other, subregion, subregions_link);
1496 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mr->subregions, subregion, subregions_link);
1498 memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled && subregion->enabled;
1499 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1502 static void memory_region_add_subregion_common(MemoryRegion *mr,
1504 MemoryRegion *subregion)
1506 assert(!subregion->container);
1507 subregion->container = mr;
1508 subregion->addr = offset;
1509 memory_region_update_container_subregions(subregion);
1512 void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
1514 MemoryRegion *subregion)
1516 subregion->may_overlap = false;
1517 subregion->priority = 0;
1518 memory_region_add_subregion_common(mr, offset, subregion);
1521 void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr,
1523 MemoryRegion *subregion,
1526 subregion->may_overlap = true;
1527 subregion->priority = priority;
1528 memory_region_add_subregion_common(mr, offset, subregion);
1531 void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
1532 MemoryRegion *subregion)
1534 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1535 assert(subregion->container == mr);
1536 subregion->container = NULL;
1537 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mr->subregions, subregion, subregions_link);
1538 memory_region_unref(subregion);
1539 memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled && subregion->enabled;
1540 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1543 void memory_region_set_enabled(MemoryRegion *mr, bool enabled)
1545 if (enabled == mr->enabled) {
1548 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1549 mr->enabled = enabled;
1550 memory_region_update_pending = true;
1551 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1554 static void memory_region_readd_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr)
1556 MemoryRegion *container = mr->container;
1559 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1560 memory_region_ref(mr);
1561 memory_region_del_subregion(container, mr);
1562 mr->container = container;
1563 memory_region_update_container_subregions(mr);
1564 memory_region_unref(mr);
1565 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1569 void memory_region_set_address(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr)
1571 if (addr != mr->addr) {
1573 memory_region_readd_subregion(mr);
1577 void memory_region_set_alias_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr offset)
1581 if (offset == mr->alias_offset) {
1585 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1586 mr->alias_offset = offset;
1587 memory_region_update_pending |= mr->enabled;
1588 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1591 ram_addr_t memory_region_get_ram_addr(MemoryRegion *mr)
1593 return mr->ram_addr;
1596 static int cmp_flatrange_addr(const void *addr_, const void *fr_)
1598 const AddrRange *addr = addr_;
1599 const FlatRange *fr = fr_;
1601 if (int128_le(addrrange_end(*addr), fr->addr.start)) {
1603 } else if (int128_ge(addr->start, addrrange_end(fr->addr))) {
1609 static FlatRange *flatview_lookup(FlatView *view, AddrRange addr)
1611 return bsearch(&addr, view->ranges, view->nr,
1612 sizeof(FlatRange), cmp_flatrange_addr);
1615 bool memory_region_present(MemoryRegion *container, hwaddr addr)
1617 MemoryRegion *mr = memory_region_find(container, addr, 1).mr;
1618 if (!mr || (mr == container)) {
1621 memory_region_unref(mr);
1625 bool memory_region_is_mapped(MemoryRegion *mr)
1627 return mr->container ? true : false;
1630 MemoryRegionSection memory_region_find(MemoryRegion *mr,
1631 hwaddr addr, uint64_t size)
1633 MemoryRegionSection ret = { .mr = NULL };
1641 for (root = mr; root->container; ) {
1642 root = root->container;
1646 as = memory_region_to_address_space(root);
1650 range = addrrange_make(int128_make64(addr), int128_make64(size));
1652 view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1653 fr = flatview_lookup(view, range);
1655 flatview_unref(view);
1659 while (fr > view->ranges && addrrange_intersects(fr[-1].addr, range)) {
1664 ret.address_space = as;
1665 range = addrrange_intersection(range, fr->addr);
1666 ret.offset_within_region = fr->offset_in_region;
1667 ret.offset_within_region += int128_get64(int128_sub(range.start,
1669 ret.size = range.size;
1670 ret.offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(range.start);
1671 ret.readonly = fr->readonly;
1672 memory_region_ref(ret.mr);
1674 flatview_unref(view);
1678 void address_space_sync_dirty_bitmap(AddressSpace *as)
1683 view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1684 FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1685 MEMORY_LISTENER_UPDATE_REGION(fr, as, Forward, log_sync);
1687 flatview_unref(view);
1690 void memory_global_dirty_log_start(void)
1692 global_dirty_log = true;
1693 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(log_global_start, Forward);
1696 void memory_global_dirty_log_stop(void)
1698 global_dirty_log = false;
1699 MEMORY_LISTENER_CALL_GLOBAL(log_global_stop, Reverse);
1702 static void listener_add_address_space(MemoryListener *listener,
1708 if (listener->address_space_filter
1709 && listener->address_space_filter != as) {
1713 if (global_dirty_log) {
1714 if (listener->log_global_start) {
1715 listener->log_global_start(listener);
1719 view = address_space_get_flatview(as);
1720 FOR_EACH_FLAT_RANGE(fr, view) {
1721 MemoryRegionSection section = {
1723 .address_space = as,
1724 .offset_within_region = fr->offset_in_region,
1725 .size = fr->addr.size,
1726 .offset_within_address_space = int128_get64(fr->addr.start),
1727 .readonly = fr->readonly,
1729 if (listener->region_add) {
1730 listener->region_add(listener, §ion);
1733 flatview_unref(view);
1736 void memory_listener_register(MemoryListener *listener, AddressSpace *filter)
1738 MemoryListener *other = NULL;
1741 listener->address_space_filter = filter;
1742 if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&memory_listeners)
1743 || listener->priority >= QTAILQ_LAST(&memory_listeners,
1744 memory_listeners)->priority) {
1745 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&memory_listeners, listener, link);
1747 QTAILQ_FOREACH(other, &memory_listeners, link) {
1748 if (listener->priority < other->priority) {
1752 QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(other, listener, link);
1755 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1756 listener_add_address_space(listener, as);
1760 void memory_listener_unregister(MemoryListener *listener)
1762 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&memory_listeners, listener, link);
1765 void address_space_init(AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegion *root, const char *name)
1767 if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&address_spaces)) {
1771 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1773 as->current_map = g_new(FlatView, 1);
1774 flatview_init(as->current_map);
1775 as->ioeventfd_nb = 0;
1776 as->ioeventfds = NULL;
1777 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link);
1778 as->name = g_strdup(name ? name : "anonymous");
1779 address_space_init_dispatch(as);
1780 memory_region_update_pending |= root->enabled;
1781 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1784 void address_space_destroy(AddressSpace *as)
1786 MemoryListener *listener;
1788 /* Flush out anything from MemoryListeners listening in on this */
1789 memory_region_transaction_begin();
1791 memory_region_transaction_commit();
1792 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link);
1793 address_space_destroy_dispatch(as);
1795 QTAILQ_FOREACH(listener, &memory_listeners, link) {
1796 assert(listener->address_space_filter != as);
1799 flatview_unref(as->current_map);
1801 g_free(as->ioeventfds);
1804 bool io_mem_read(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *pval, unsigned size)
1806 return memory_region_dispatch_read(mr, addr, pval, size);
1809 bool io_mem_write(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr,
1810 uint64_t val, unsigned size)
1812 return memory_region_dispatch_write(mr, addr, val, size);
1815 typedef struct MemoryRegionList MemoryRegionList;
1817 struct MemoryRegionList {
1818 const MemoryRegion *mr;
1820 QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegionList) queue;
1823 typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(queue, MemoryRegionList) MemoryRegionListHead;
1825 static void mtree_print_mr(fprintf_function mon_printf, void *f,
1826 const MemoryRegion *mr, unsigned int level,
1828 MemoryRegionListHead *alias_print_queue)
1830 MemoryRegionList *new_ml, *ml, *next_ml;
1831 MemoryRegionListHead submr_print_queue;
1832 const MemoryRegion *submr;
1835 if (!mr || !mr->enabled) {
1839 for (i = 0; i < level; i++) {
1844 MemoryRegionList *ml;
1847 /* check if the alias is already in the queue */
1848 QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, alias_print_queue, queue) {
1849 if (ml->mr == mr->alias && !ml->printed) {
1855 ml = g_new(MemoryRegionList, 1);
1857 ml->printed = false;
1858 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(alias_print_queue, ml, queue);
1860 mon_printf(f, TARGET_FMT_plx "-" TARGET_FMT_plx
1861 " (prio %d, %c%c): alias %s @%s " TARGET_FMT_plx
1862 "-" TARGET_FMT_plx "\n",
1865 + (int128_nz(mr->size) ?
1866 (hwaddr)int128_get64(int128_sub(mr->size,
1867 int128_one())) : 0),
1869 mr->romd_mode ? 'R' : '-',
1870 !mr->readonly && !(mr->rom_device && mr->romd_mode) ? 'W'
1876 + (int128_nz(mr->size) ?
1877 (hwaddr)int128_get64(int128_sub(mr->size,
1878 int128_one())) : 0));
1881 TARGET_FMT_plx "-" TARGET_FMT_plx " (prio %d, %c%c): %s\n",
1884 + (int128_nz(mr->size) ?
1885 (hwaddr)int128_get64(int128_sub(mr->size,
1886 int128_one())) : 0),
1888 mr->romd_mode ? 'R' : '-',
1889 !mr->readonly && !(mr->rom_device && mr->romd_mode) ? 'W'
1894 QTAILQ_INIT(&submr_print_queue);
1896 QTAILQ_FOREACH(submr, &mr->subregions, subregions_link) {
1897 new_ml = g_new(MemoryRegionList, 1);
1899 QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, &submr_print_queue, queue) {
1900 if (new_ml->mr->addr < ml->mr->addr ||
1901 (new_ml->mr->addr == ml->mr->addr &&
1902 new_ml->mr->priority > ml->mr->priority)) {
1903 QTAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(ml, new_ml, queue);
1909 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&submr_print_queue, new_ml, queue);
1913 QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, &submr_print_queue, queue) {
1914 mtree_print_mr(mon_printf, f, ml->mr, level + 1, base + mr->addr,
1918 QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ml, &submr_print_queue, queue, next_ml) {
1923 void mtree_info(fprintf_function mon_printf, void *f)
1925 MemoryRegionListHead ml_head;
1926 MemoryRegionList *ml, *ml2;
1929 QTAILQ_INIT(&ml_head);
1931 QTAILQ_FOREACH(as, &address_spaces, address_spaces_link) {
1932 mon_printf(f, "%s\n", as->name);
1933 mtree_print_mr(mon_printf, f, as->root, 0, 0, &ml_head);
1936 mon_printf(f, "aliases\n");
1937 /* print aliased regions */
1938 QTAILQ_FOREACH(ml, &ml_head, queue) {
1940 mon_printf(f, "%s\n", ml->mr->name);
1941 mtree_print_mr(mon_printf, f, ml->mr, 0, 0, &ml_head);
1945 QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ml, &ml_head, queue, ml2) {